Forecast Discussions mentioning any of "HRRR" "RAP" "RUC13" "RUC" "RR" received at GSD on 04/29/25


AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
National Weather Service Albany NY
1009 PM EDT Mon Apr 28 2025 .SYNOPSIS... With high pressure in control, sunny and mild weather is expected for today. It will remain warm into Tuesday, although an approaching frontal boundary will bring the threat for showers and thunderstorms for late in the day and into Tuesday night. Dry and comfortable weather is expected for the middle of the week, but more showers are possible for Thursday night into Friday. && .NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 AM TUESDAY MORNING/... .UPDATE...No significant changes with this update. Lowered min temperatures a few degrees in some areas (mainly Adirondacks) based on current obs/trends. .PREV DISCUSSION[0726]...Beautiful spring day continues across eastern NY and western New England today with a ~1028hPa high centered in the mid- Atlantic and upper level centered over western NY sliding east. Outside of some innocuous cirrus clouds spilling over top the incoming ridge, plenty of sunshine continues. Given the very dry mass sampled by the 12 UTC ALY sounding today (PWATs ~0.25"), dew points have trended lower into the 30s and we incorporated the NBM 5th percentile guidance to better reflect current conditions. The very dry air mass and efficient boundary layer mixing up to 800hPa seen on forecast soundings will support warm spring temperatures today and we leaned on the warmer side of the guidance envelop as probabilistic guidance shows 20 - 40% chance for high temperatures to exceed 74 degrees from the Capital Region southward into the mid-Hudson Valley. Mainly clear skies tonight as some cirrus clouds continue to spill overhead. Winds remain mainly light overnight but could turn a bit stronger towards 09 - 12 UTC as the pressure gradient ahead of the incoming boundary tightens. Given warmer daytime temperatures and a slight breeze developing later tonight, overnight lows will not be quite as cool as this morning. Expecting most to only fall into the mid to upper 40s. && .SHORT TERM /6 AM TUESDAY MORNING THROUGH THURSDAY/... Key Messages: - The Storm Prediction Center maintains its slight risk (level 2 of 5) for severe thunderstorms mainly north and west of the Capital District tomorrow afternoon into tomorrow evening with damaging winds (15-29% chance) the primary hazard. Discussion: A very potent shortwave that will be responsible for severe weather in the Upper Midwest will be lifting northward into the Great Lakes and southern Ontario tomorrow afternoon into the evening. With a strong area of high pressure positioned off the Mid-Atlantic coast, an intense southwesterly low and mid-level jet with winds 40 - 60kts will be directed into the Ohio Valley and western NY. This jet will funnel a very warm and moist airmass into the Northeast with temperatures likely reaching well into the 70s to even around 80 in valley areas (greater than 75% chance for highs to exceed 75 degrees for valley areas) tomorrow afternoon as dew points climb into the 50s. While very strong height falls will spread downwind of the approaching shortwave, the strongest forcing looks displaced to our west during peak heating hours and is favored over western NY/PA and Ohio coinciding with SPC`s enhanced risk zone. However, as morning sun allows the boundary layer to become well-mixed, deterministic guidance suggest mid- level lapse rates steepen to 6 - 6.5C/km with locally steeper values even up to 7C/km. Forecast soundings do show a mid-level cap which could limit just how much surface based instability can generate and guidance shows generally under 1000 J/kg of SB cape with 200 - 500 J/kg of MU CAPE. On the other hand, deep layer shear values are quite impressive with 0-6km shear values reaching 40 to 50kts with potentially up to 60kts in the western/southern Adirondacks and western Mohawk Valley as the trough approaches late PM/evening. This corroborates with SPC`s slight risk (level 2 to 5). Needless to say, this is certainly a high shear low CAPE environment and as the sfc trough approaches by 18 - 21 UTC tomorrow afternoon, we will have to watch for a broken QLCS moving eastward out of western NY towards our western/southern Adirondack and western Mohawk Valley areas. Despite limited instability, the strong forcing for ascent could very well carry the QLCS eastward into western zones by late afternoon and despite it entering into a less unstable environment, its momentum could still allow it to survive and produce damaging wind gusts. While the 12 UTC HRRR was less convinced with the eastward extent of the QLCS, the 18 UTC run is more concerning and suggests the line could even extend as far east as the Capital District by 21 - 00 UTC. Given DCAPE values 500 - 700 J/kg and the anticipated linear storm mode, damaging winds will be the primary hazard should any line/bowing segments march eastward towards the Hudson River. Locally heavy downpours are also likely during any thunderstorms as PWATs surge towards 1 - 1.25" ahead of the boundary. After 00 UTC/Thurs, the line likely weakens further as it heads towards western New England and an even less favorable environment. We maintained shower chances for much of the region through Midnight as the true cold front finally pushes through. Winds shift to the northwest behind the front by the pre-dawn hours and likely turns gusty with winds up to 25-30mph. High pressure and a very dry air mass quickly builds into the Northeast on Wednesday providing us with plenty of sunshine once again. West to northwest remain gusty (gusts 25-30mph), especially in the morning, in the wake of the cold front and given much lower PWATs/relative humidity values, we will have favorable conditions for fire spread. See our fire weather discussion for more details. Otherwise, temperatures turn cooler with daytime highs only rising into the 60s to around 70 in the mid-Hudson Valley. We turn cool Wed night given favorable radiational cooling and a very dry air mass with overnight lows dropping into the mid to upper 30s with around 40 in the valley. Freezing temperatures possible in the southern Adirondacks. Increasing clouds expected through the day on Thursday in response to warm air advection ahead of an approaching warm front. Chances for showers mainly hold off until after dark when the stronger isentropic lift arrives. Otherwise, daytime high similar to Wednesday only rising into the mid to upper 60s. && .LONG TERM /THURSDAY NIGHT THROUGH MONDAY/... Key Message: - Showers and isolated to scattered thunderstorms possible Thursday night and again Friday afternoon. Discussion: Long term period begins at 00z Friday with dry conditions for most areas but a surface low associated with an upper shortwave will track through the Great Lakes region overnight. So, the system`s warm front will lift north through our region overnight, bringing chances for showers and a few thunderstorms with BUFKIT forecast soundings showing some pockets of elevated instability. With warm advection and cloudy skies, lows will be fairly mild, mainly in the 40s to 50s. On Friday, the surface low tracks north of the region, putting us squarely in the warm sector. We will see a lull in precip for at least Friday morning, with temperatures warming well into the 70s for many areas with some low 80s possible for valley areas south of I-90. Then, during the afternoon or evening, the trailing cold front will tracks through our region bringing additional chances for showers and thunderstorms. Coverage and strength of any thunderstorms will depend on the timing of the frontal passage and the amount of instability available, which will hopefully come into better focus over the coming days. Showers and thunderstorms will taper off after sunset, with temperatures dropping into the 40s to 50s again for overnight lows. Saturday through Sunday night...The aforementioned cold front stalls to the south and east of our region Saturday, and another upper trough tracks eastwards. Ahead of the upper trough, surface cyclogenesis occurs along the baroclinic zone. As the surface low tracks northeastwards, it will likely bring showers to portions of the region Saturday into Saturday night. At this time, the highest likelihood of rain/showers seems to be for eastern areas, but this till ultimately depend on where the front stalls and the track of the surface low along that boundary. With the cooler airmass and clouds/showers around, Saturday will be much cooler with highs ranging from 50s in the high terrain to 60s in the valleys. Lows Saturday night will be in the 30s to 40s. We finally dry out for the second half of the weekend, although the upper trough and cold pool aloft remain nearby, so Sunday will feature near to slightly below normal temperatures with highs again mainly in the 50s to 60s. Lows Sunday night will again be in the 30s to 40s. && .AVIATION /02Z TUESDAY THROUGH SATURDAY/... Through 00z Wednesday...VFR conditions expected to prevail through much of the 24 hour TAF period with gradually increasing high level cirrus clouds. Added mention of PROB30 for TSRA starting at 21z Tuesday for KGFL and 23z at KALB, as some storms could approach those terminals late Tuesday afternoon into early Tuesday evening ahead of a cold front. Winds will be southerly around 3-6 through tonight, increasing to 13-17 kt with gusts of 20-30 kt on Tuesday. Outlook... Tuesday Night: High Operational Impact. Breezy. Likely SHRA...TSRA. Wednesday: Low Operational Impact. Breezy. NO SIG WX. Wednesday Night: No Operational Impact. NO SIG WX. Thursday: No Operational Impact. NO SIG WX. Thursday Night: Moderate Operational Impact. Chance of SHRA...TSRA. Friday: High Operational Impact. Breezy. Likely SHRA...TSRA. Friday Night: Moderate Operational Impact. Chance of SHRA. Saturday: Moderate Operational Impact. Breezy. Chance of SHRA. && .FIRE WEATHER... After a cold front pushes through the region tomorrow into tomorrow night resulting in showers and areas of thunderstorms, high pressure and a very dry air mass moves overhead for Wednesday. This will result in low relative humidity values ranging 20 to 30 percent with gusty west to northwest ranging 25 to 30mph. Such conditions can elevate the risk for fire spread. && .ALY WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... CT...None. NY...None. MA...None. VT...None. && $$ SYNOPSIS...Speciale NEAR TERM...JPV/Speciale SHORT TERM...Speciale LONG TERM...Main AVIATION...JPV FIRE WEATHER...Speciale
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Cleveland OH
926 PM EDT Mon Apr 28 2025 .SYNOPSIS... A warm front lifts through late tonight, followed by a cold front Tuesday evening. High pressure briefly slides through the Great Lakes on Wednesday. Low pressure lifts into the Great Lakes on Thursday, with a warm front crossing the area Thursday morning followed by a cold front Thursday night. && .NEAR TERM /THROUGH TUESDAY NIGHT/... 930 PM Update... The forecast for the rest of this evening remains on track and no changes were needed with this update. Dry weather will persist through tonight before shower chances increase starting Tuesday morning. 00Z guidance is beginning to trickle in, but will hold of on any adjustments to Tuesday`s forecast until more guidance is available. Previous Discussion... The main focus for the near term forecast remains potential for severe thunderstorms along/ahead of a cold front Tuesday afternoon and evening, though confidence in the evolution and overall severity remains on the lower side. Quiet weather persists through early Tuesday. A warm front will lift northeast across the area overnight tonight, though with just some higher level clouds and no rain potential. Lows will be much milder tonight, ranging from the 50s in interior Northeast OH and Northwest PA to the low to mid 60s near the lake and farther west across OH. We`ll briefly surge into the warm sector for Tuesday behind tonight`s warm front, with highs ranging from the mid 70s to low 80s and dew points climbing into the low to mid 60s. Southwest winds will synoptically gust 30-40 MPH beneath a brisk low- level jet, particularly outside of any rain during the late morning and afternoon hours. Delving more into severe weather potential Tuesday into Tuesday evening, a robust elevated mixed layer (EML) characterized by 500-700mb lapse rates of up to 8C/km will advect east over the region by Tuesday morning, which along with deep-layer shear increasing to 30-40kt by Tuesday afternoon and evening gives potential for an environment that could support all modes of severe weather. The cold front itself pushes in from the northwest late afternoon/early evening, with large-scale forcing peaking between the mid-afternoon and early evening hours as the associated shortwave trough moving through the Great Lakes glances the local area. The overall severe risk has potential to peak between the mid-afternoon and early evening. However, as mentioned in prior discussions and driven home by the 12z suite of models today, the potential for pre-frontal convection or convective debris leftover from tonight`s convection to our west to spread into the area by late morning or early afternoon on Tuesday adds considerable uncertainty to the evolution of convection across our area and the subsequent severe threat. There are two potential triggering mechanisms for convection on Tuesday...one will be on the leading edge of the remnant convection or debris spreading in from the west, well-ahead of the cold during the afternoon...and the other will be along the cold front itself, moving in from the northwest late afternoon/evening. The current consensus among models is that convection will try to re-fire on the leading edge of the incoming debris across our southeastern counties by early to mid-afternoon before exiting east. If the debris arrives faster, that could largely play out to our east...best illustrated by the ARW-WRF. If the debris arrives slower, the threat during the afternoon hours would ramp up notably across our local area, best illustrated by the NSSL-WRF. The 12z NAM and 18z HRRR have more of a middle ground solution, with convection firing from eastern OH into western PA early to mid-afternoon (with at least some severe threat) before exiting east and continuing to grow upscale. As for the cold front itself, most models attempt to develop at least scattered storms along it, though disagree quite a bit on their intensity. It`s likely that the best EML and associated steep mid-level lapse rates will be chewed up by any afternoon convection, which could limit the severity of any storms with the cold front itself towards the evening hours. However, if any afternoon convection and/or convective debris is more minimal and exits quicker, there could be more of a window for severe weather with the cold front. The take-home messages for the severe weather are the the entire area remains under at least a Slight Risk (level 2/5) from the Storm Prediction Center, with an Enhanced Risk (level 3/5) from roughly Elyria to Marion points east/northeast. Damaging wind gusts are the primary hazard, with some instances of large hail and perhaps a brief/weak tornado threat lesser concerns. The threat is focused between 2-8 PM. However, considerable uncertainty exists, and it`s mainly tied to the evolution of convection upstream of our area through tonight and how quickly and how much debris (in the form of clouds and perhaps rain) spreads into our area Tuesday morning/early afternoon. Stay tuned for updates tonight and Tuesday on this forecast. We will dry out behind the cold front through Tuesday night as high pressure builds into the northern Great Lakes. Lows will drop back into the 40s Tuesday night behind the front. && .SHORT TERM /WEDNESDAY THROUGH THURSDAY NIGHT/... An active pattern is forecast to continue through the short term period as another shortwave trough moves northeast along the leading edge of the larger upper level trough. Wednesday morning should remain primarily dry before a lingering boundary over the Ohio River Valley lifts north as a warm front Wednesday afternoon. As this boundary lifts north, warm moist air will fill in behind it and result in a period of conditions conducive to additional thunderstorms. There is quite a bit of spread in how much the atmosphere destabilizes which will be highly dependent on the speed of the warm front, however models generally have between 500- 1000J/kg of CAPE. In addition, a LLJ of 35-45 knots will nose north across the area, providing additional support for storm development. For any storms that do develop, the primary concern will be strong, gusty winds with lapse rates near 10-11 C/km. There is a non-zero chance for a tornado or two and small hail as well, but there is less confidence in these hazards. Given the closer proximity of the area to the low pressure center moving through the central Great Lakes, will have to closely monitor this in the coming days for severe threats. There is a WPC Day 4 Marginal ERO that encompasses the entire area to account for localized heavy rainfall possible in the strongest storms. Highs on Wednesday will reach into the 50s along the northern tier of counties, increasing into the mid to upper 60s across the southern portion of the area. As the warm front lifts north, highs will climb into the 70s across the entire area on Thursday. Overnight lows will be in the upper 40s into the mid to upper 50s for both nights. && .LONG TERM /FRIDAY THROUGH MONDAY/... On Friday, the surface low associated with the upper level trough will push northeast towards Quebec, moving an initial weak cold front east across the area Friday morning before a stronger, secondary cold front supported by the upper level trough pushes east late Friday into early Saturday. These boundaries will both provide the potential for showers and thunderstorms, especially along and ahead of the secondary boundary. As the trough axis shifts east on Saturday, any lingering showers will diminish from west to east by Saturday afternoon. High pressure will persist for the remainder of the period, allowing for dry conditions Saturday afternoon through Monday. Highs on Friday will in the mid 60s before cooling behind the departing low to be in the upper 50s to low 60s on Saturday. On Sunday, clearing skies and high pressure will allow for another warming trend with highs on Sunday in the mid to upper 60s before warming into the 70s for Monday. Overnight lows will generally remain in the 40s, limiting any potential for frost/freeze in the period. && .AVIATION /00Z Tuesday THROUGH Saturday/... VFR will persist through at least the next 12 hours. The forecast becomes challenging as cold front approaches from the west Tuesday morning; guidance suggests that there will be multiple rounds of showers/storms: the first round may occur with warm frontal passage Tuesday morning with a better chance of showers/storms occurring with a pre-frontal trough Tuesday afternoon into Tuesday evening and with the cold front Tuesday night. While there`s relatively high confidence in overall rain chances, confidence in thunder chances/placement is low so have only included thunder in PROB30 and TEMPO groups for the time being. Either way dry breaks/VFR can be expected within any dry breaks and there`s potential for MVFR/IFR cigs and especially vsbys in pockets of moderate to heavy rain, best chance from 18Z onwards. Thunderstorms could produce a brief period of gusty winds with variable wind direction. Will continue to assess guidance and will likely narrow down windows of precipitation as confidence increases in future updates. Southerly winds 6 to 12 knots with scattered gusts to 20 knots are expected tonight. A 45 to 50 knot southerly LLJ will move into the region later tonight through the predawn hours Tuesday which will likely result in LLWS during this timeframe. South/southwest winds will increase to 12 to 20 knots after 12Z Tuesday with gusts to 25 to 35 knots expected areawide mid to late morning through early evening. Outlook...Non-VFR possible in showers and thunderstorms into Tuesday night. Non- VFR appears more likely towards the end of the week (Thu/Fri) in more widespread showers and thunderstorms && .MARINE... Calm marine conditions are expected to continue through much of tonight as high pressure lingers over the area. Tonight, a warm front will lift north across the lake as the parent low tracks northeast across the western portion of the region. Winds will shift to southwesterly and increase to 15-25 knots beginning near 10Z Tuesday. These winds are expected to remain elevated through the afternoon ahead of an approaching cold front. Once the front moves east late Tuesday evening into the overnight hours, winds will shift to become northwesterly and gradually diminish to 10-15 knots by Wednesday morning. During the shift to onshore flow, waves will build to 3-5 feet, especially across the central and eastern basins. In addition to this overall threat, it is worth noting that there is a potential for severe storms to impact Lake Erie Tuesday afternoon into the evening. This may result in localized winds gusts of 30+ knots, so boaters should use caution and keep an eye on the weather if venturing out in the rough conditions. To highlight these hazardous marine conditions, a Small Craft Advisory has been issued for the nearshore zones of Lake Erie. On Wednesday, high pressure builds south across the area, allowing for north-northeast winds of 5-10 knots to persist into Wednesday night. Another warm front will lift north across Lake Erie on Thursday morning as the parents low tracks northeast through the central Great Lakes region. This will once again increase winds to 15-20 knots from the southwest. This period may need another short fused Small Craft Advisory, although the gradient with this low is modeled to be weaker. Winds shift to northwesterly at 10-15 knots as multiple cold fronts move southeast across the lake on Friday and Friday night. && .CLE WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... OH...None. PA...None. MARINE...Small Craft Advisory from 6 AM to 8 PM EDT Tuesday for LEZ142>146. Small Craft Advisory from 6 AM Tuesday to 4 AM EDT Wednesday for LEZ147>149. && $$ SYNOPSIS...Sullivan NEAR TERM...15/Sullivan SHORT TERM...04 LONG TERM...04 AVIATION...15 MARINE...04
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Des Moines IA
617 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 .KEY MESSAGES... - Although conditional, a Moderate Risk (4/5) of severe weather is in place for northern Iowa Monday afternoon and Monday night with an Enhanced Risk (3/5) elsewhere. Confidence in initiation is low, but any storms that do develop would be capable of high end severe weather, including strong/significant tornadoes (EF2+). - More storms midweek with some stronger storms possible across southern Iowa. - Friday and Saturday will be dry with temperatures recovering back into the 70s. && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 229 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 Short Term: A positively-tilted longwave trough encapsulates much of the western CONUS, a closed low embedded in it over Utah. An upper-level jet has rounded the trough base and is pulling large section of the source wave into the Northern Plains today, generating height falls up to 10 dam there, deepening the surface low that is over the Dakotas. Tailing to itself is an advancing dry line that will arrive in Iowa later this afternoon. Ahead of the dry line is a surface trough. The remaining closed low over Utah will be left to sink into the SW US. The surface warm front will lift into Minnesota through the day today and set up the triple point near KFSD. An EML, sampled at +11C from the 12z TOP sounding, will coat the state, steepening mid-level lapse rates in the neighborhood of -8.5 C/km; this translates to MLCAPE values exceeding 3000 J/kg. The midday convection will pose a hail threat. Gradient winds increase as the system nears, increasing the pressure gradient to around 40 ub/km, translating to sustained winds up to around 35mph this afternoon, gusts to around 45mph. The gusts have a better chance of being achieved in the cleared parts of western Iowa. Have issued an SPS for this. As we get into the late afternoon hours, clearing near the dry line will bring surface-based convection into focus as the boundary layer fully mixes and the ML CIN drops below -100 J/kg. LCLs are around 500m. Deep-layer shear is best across northern and western Iowa, totaling around 60kts, but not to discount the still-supportive 40- 50 kts across southern Iowa. Shear vectors will lean more orthogonal in relation to the dry line, supporting supercells, those of which will have right mover motions over 50mph thanks to the overall fast winds in the environment. The aforementioned upper-level jet will impinge on the warm sector over NW IA, its influence exhibited on the consistent 50kt LLJ overhead today. That component is driving up the low-level shear over 25kts and elongating the hodographs. Streamwise ingest in the lowest 0.5km will be over 95%, allowing storms to realize nearly all the low-level shear available. SRH values over 300 m^2/sec^2 are enough to tell you that there`s plenty of potential for rotation near the surface. There covers the thermodynamics and organization of the environment today, which to summarize is conducive to high-end severe weather threats including damaging winds, very large hail and tornadoes (some strong). The question that remains is what sources of lift will be able to launch parcels to the LFC? At the synoptic scale, the better height falls are in Minnesota, moving the deepening surface feature away from Iowa. The favorable jet quadrants as well as its warm sector crossing are also displaced to the northwest. This explains the CI in NW Iowa, which resides closer to these features. Summarizing the synoptic support well over our area is the Q vectors, which diverge over us this afternoon and evening. That leaves us to smaller scale features. We have the dry line coming in, but warm sector winds are southwesterly, leading to poor convergence. The dry line predictably stalls around sunset and better frontogenetical forcing in the form of a cold front will catch up with it, continuing the chances for storms across Iowa before midnight. It will have the EML to overcome which is coming in warmer than forecasted per 18z soundings. We`re at the mercy of mesoscale features to increase convergence. Some of the HRRR runs before 12z hinted at the slightest possibility of this in central Iowa. The concern would be that there would be just enough for only one or two storms, and those storms would have the warm sector all to themselves. This is the low confidence (<10%) but worst-case scenario for somewhere in central Iowa. Not to be neglected is southern Iowa where it looks like there will be enough synoptic kinematics to fire off convection in northern MO, moving into this area. Actually, the 0-0.5km shear is better in southern Iowa, so the all-hazards risk, including tornadoes, still holds in spite of the stronger capping. Long Term: The leftover portion of the trough will be shoved eastward once a positively-tilted trough moves in from the PNW, presenting a southern and northern stream pair of waves to the central US. The majority of the Gulf moisture will be tied into the southern stream, then shunted towards the Ohio River Valley as the northern stream deepens. There will be enough of a retreat of moisture to push PWATs back over 1 inch which will be plenty enough for precipitation, even convection. At the synoptic level, this is supported by upper-level divergence and the left exit region of the southern stream jet, in addition to Q-vector convergence. MUCAPE values may graze 1000 J/kg by Wednesday afternoon. Can`t rule out some storm organization potential, but the wind field loses favorability before peak heating maximizes instability in the afternoon. Upper-level ridging replaces the troughing by Friday which will keep us dry through at least Saturday. Temperatures will also recover into the 70s. Active spring weather resumes as early as Sunday once a longwave trough closes off and moves inland on the West Coast. && .AVIATION /00Z TAFS THROUGH 00Z TUESDAY/... Issued at 1241 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 Frontal system moving into northwest Iowa this evening is driving thunderstorm potential over much of the state. Storm chances will continue at TAF sites from west to east through late evening with all severe weather modes (large hail, tornadoes, damaging wind) possible. Behind the front, the wind will shift from southwest to the northwest and remain gusty. Otherwise, MVFR to VFR ceilings will linger behind storms overnight, giving way to VFR conditions after 12z Tuesday. && .DMX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... Wind Advisory until 8 PM CDT this evening for IAZ004>007- 015>017-023>026-033>037. && $$ DISCUSSION...Jimenez AVIATION...DMD
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Detroit/Pontiac MI
1150 PM EDT Mon Apr 28 2025 .KEY MESSAGES... - Record/near record warmth tomorrow as high temperatures push into the upper 70s to mid 80s. It will be windy as well, with peak southwest-west gusts of 40-45 mph in the afternoon. - There is a chance of showers and thunderstorms late tonight into Tuesday. If any thunderstorms develop tomorrow afternoon (11 AM - 5 PM), they will have the potential to become severe and produce damaging wind gusts. Otherwise, storms late tonight/tomorrow morning will be capable of small hail and sub-severe gusty winds. - Much cooler Tuesday night into Wednesday, with frost possible north of M-59 around sunrise Wednesday. - Soaking rain arrives late Wednesday night-Thursday and persists into early Friday morning. && .AVIATION... A dry airmass at the surface and differential warm advection aloft into the midlevels will lead to stable VFR conditions overnight. Deeper moisture arrives as cyclonic flow trajectories take hold after 10Z. Isolated to scattered showers will be possible and included a TEMPO group. Thunderstorm development is then possible along a cold front between 17-21Z. Uncertainty exists on the coverage of convection along the front and whether or not the better development will occur to the east of the taf sites. Did maintain a Prob30 group for the afternoon +TSRA potential. If activity occurs it will be very brief. .DTW THRESHOLD PROBABILITIES... * Low for ceilings aob 5000 feet late tonight and Tuesday morning. * Low for thunderstorms Tuesday. && .PREV DISCUSSION... Issued at 257 PM EDT Mon Apr 28 2025 DISCUSSION... Active upper level pattern with several upper level waves back across the Rockies with a strong northern stream upper level trough tracking east through Central Canada. Interaction of multiple waves makes for difficult forecast tomorrow. The seasonably strong surface low (994 MB) entering west central Minnesota will be tracking off to the northeast and reaching the Central Ontario/Quebec border toward 12z Tuesday, absorbed by the northern stream trough. Although the main upper level wave/cold pool (-24 C at 500 MB) will linger back across the Four Corners region, there does appear to be a shortwave/jet streak coming out, enhancing the upper level jet over the Central Great Lakes region for tomorrow. The question for tomorrow continues to be timing of the cold front and if we can overcome warm mid levels and erode the cap in place. Location of the right entrance forcing of the upper level jet will be a big factor, and there are still discrepancies. Strong southwest low level jet to transport a good deal of moisture into Lower Michigan, with 850 MB dew pts pushing 12 C and 700 MB dew pts reaching around zero Tuesday morning, all near daily record daily values for southeast Michigan sounding climatology. Moisture axis and mid level instability axis already begins to pull east by mid day. Even so, MLcapes expected to build to 1000-2000 J/kg on Tuesday, with NAM exceeding 2500 J/kg while 12z HRRR is closer to SBcapes of 2000 J/kg with the cap holding as the cold front moves through during the mid afternoon. Unidirectional flow in the low levels with the front, and not much low level convergence makes this challenging forecast with the amount of convection developing along the front, if any. With the strong wind fields and previously mentioned capes, damaging winds will be main hazard with the potential severe storms. SPC day 2 continues to maintain slight chance risk, but remains conditional, and really can`t justify carry more than chance pops (20-40%) for showers/thunderstorms with the aggressive mid level dry slot overlapping the cold front. Elevated activity around 12z Tuesday actually has better chance (30-50%) with the steep mid level lapse rates. Regardless of storms during Tuesday, with the boundary layer mixing during the day as temps reach near/record values in the upper 70s to mid 80s degrees, expecting wind gusts topping out 40-45 mph range. This is supported by local probabilistic guidance and a wind advisory is possible with the 50+ knots of westerly flow at the 850 MB level. Cooler and dry with near normal temps on Wednesday as ridging at all levels arrive. With clear skies and winds going calm toward sunrise, mins in the lowers 30s (north) to lower 40s (south) expected, resulting in frost north of M-59. A moisture laden low pressure system then on track to move into Lower Michigan on Thursday, phasing and deepening with the northern stream. Thus, movement will be slow, and not exiting the Central Great Lakes until Friday morning. Total rainfall amounts of half an inch to one inch seem likely at this point, with the potential for higher amounts with mesoscale banding and/or convection. MARINE... Broad area of high pressure has expanded across the east coast while a strong area of low pressure has move over the Midwest on it`s way northeast through the northern Great Lakes today. The low will continue into Ontario/Quebec tonight while the cold front remains draped back to the southwest. This setup places the eastern lakes in a strong warm advection setup today. The gradient will tighten between the two main systems but the warm air will bring stability to the region limiting the gust potential through tonight. Winds should still get up to around 25 knots thus Small Craft Advisories are in effect for all nearshore zones and Lake St Clair tonight through Tuesday. A cold front then sweeps through Tuesday afternoon with possible showers and thunderstorms. Main question is how do the winds respond behind the cold front for the evening? Models and ensemble solutions show the potential for a short window of gales in the afternoon around 4pm to 8pm across northern Lake Huron and Saginaw Bay. Probabilistic guidance shows only about a 30-40% chance of gales in that time. Have decided to hold off on a Gale Watch or Warning at this time due to low confidence and short window of time. So expectations are for a period of stronger flow to around 30 knots with a few hours with isolated gusts to gales. Will continue to monitor for trends in gale potential. High pressure builds in on Wednesday with wind becoming light and variable. The next low is then set to arrive Thursday into Friday. CLIMATE... The record highs for Tuesday, April 29th. Detroit: 83 Degrees (Set in 1899) Flint: 82 Degrees (Set in 1942) Saginaw: 84 Degrees (Set in 1970) && .DTX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... MI...None. Lake Huron...Small Craft Advisory until 10 PM EDT Tuesday for LHZ442-443. Small Craft Advisory until 10 PM EDT Tuesday for LHZ421-422-441. Lake St Clair...Small Craft Advisory until 10 PM EDT Tuesday for LCZ460. Michigan waters of Lake Erie...Small Craft Advisory until 10 PM EDT Tuesday for LEZ444. && $$ AVIATION.....CB DISCUSSION...SF MARINE.......DK CLIMATE......SF You can obtain your latest National Weather Service forecasts online at www.weather.gov/detroit.
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Kansas City/Pleasant Hill MO
649 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 ...00z Aviation Update... .KEY MESSAGES... - Supercells capable of producing high impact severe weather (including tornadoes) are likely later this afternoon and evening across portions of NE Kansas and NW Missouri. - Strong to severe storms are possible overnight tonight into early Tuesday morning across most of the region as a cold front moves from northwest to southeast. Although severe weather will still be possible, these storms should be lower intensity/impact than those of this afternoon/evening. - Additional periods of showers and thunderstorms likely tomorrow through Thursday. - Marginal risk for severe storms again on Wednesday afternoon. && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 214 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 500 mb analysis shows high amplitude positively tilted troughing across the western CONUS, with a large 50+ knot southwesterly mid level jet from NW Mexico all the way into northern Minnesota, with a more narrow corridor of 70+ knot winds from the Oklahoma Panhandle into Duluth MN. The 850 mb low is currently centered over the MN/ND/SD tri state border, with 35 knot southwesterly 850 mb winds across the CWA (higher toward the Iowa border). Meanwhile, a 996 mb surface low has made its way into central Minnesota, with a dryline extending southward into far SE Nebraska and eastern Kansas. Out ahead of the dryline are dewpoints on the order of the mid to upper 60s. With weak height falls and some convergence along the dryline, convective initiation along the dryline is likely by around 530 to 6 pm from roughly Nebraska City toward Junction City. These storms should rapidly become supercells, with 2500 to 3000 J/kg of SB CAPE and 50 knots of 0-6 km bulk shear available, and will move east northeastward into our CWA by around 7 pm (NW Missouri and NE Kansas). These storms will be capable of producing very large hail (tennis ball sized or larger), damaging wind gusts up to 75 mph, and also will have the potential to produce tornadoes (potentially strong and relatively long tracked tornadoes). 18z HRRR guidance wants to rapidly diminish these storms as they travel east of the Missouri River (likely due to increased CIN), but this seems a bit unrealistic as the very well developed supercellular updrafts should be able to sustain themselves even into a modestly capped environment. Most likely, these initial supercells should remain north of the KC metro, but 18z HRRR guidance suggests that northwestern and northern portions of the metro could be impacted by a supercell later this evening (8 - 11 pm). By later tonight, the cold front is progged to catch up with the dryline, and push from northwest to southeast through the region. This may generate a broken line or line of thunderstorms along the front overnight tonight into early Tuesday morning, with the overall severe threat being quite a bit lower with this activity compared to this afternoon and evening`s supercells (although wind gusts up to 70 mph, hail up to ping pong balls, and a few brief tornadoes will still be possible). By tomorrow evening, the front should stall out somewhere near the MO/AR border, with west southwesterly mid level flow continuing over the region thanks to troughing across the Desert Southwest. This will yield continued chances for periods of showers and thunderstorms across the far southern areas of the CWA through Tuesday night, although this has shifted further south compared to previous model runs. By Wednesday, the mid level trough swings its way across the Southern Plains, with the surface low moving across the CWA Wednesday afternoon. This will expand high chances (70 to 100%) for widespread showers and thunderstorms to essentially the entire CWA for this time frame. This will also pull the warm front northward on Wednesday, allowing for modest instability to overspread the region. This paired with strong deep layer shear will support a low end severe threat on Wednesday afternoon/evening, and as such SPC has put most of the CWA within a marginal risk for severe storms for Wednesday. Rain chances continue into Thursday, ending from west to east by Thursday afternoon/evening. While earlier model guidance was suggesting the threat for 2" to 4" of total rainfall from Tuesday through Thursday across southern portions of the CWA, most recent guidance has kept the axis of heaviest rainfall south of us (more toward the Interstate 44 corridor). Thus, we have held off on the issuance of a flood watch for now, but 1 to 2" of rainfall remains possible from Linn County KS to Cooper County MO, which could cause some more flooding on rivers that experienced flooding in this past week/weekend. && .AVIATION /00Z TAFS THROUGH 00Z WEDNESDAY/... Issued at 647 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 Main concern within TAF period is the potential for TSRA as storms from the west approach and additional storms expected to blossom overnight. Have done best to time the current convection, primarily affecting KSTJ, but do have PROB30 mentions at KMCI as it too may be affected if any storms can track or develop just a bit further south than current. Good enough confidence in overnight convection to have prevailing mentions across the sites. After about 08-09z, activity pushes southward of the sites and VFR to prevail thereafter with winds becoming northerly. && .EAX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... MO...None. KS...None. && $$ DISCUSSION...Williams AVIATION...Curtis
Area Forecast Discussion...UPDATED
National Weather Service Hastings NE
947 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 ...Short Term Update... .KEY MESSAGES... - Cooler behind a cold front Tuesday afternoon (mid to upper 60s), with moderating temperatures generally in the 70s for the remainder of the forecast period. - There are two additional main chances for precip over the course of the next 7 days. The first with an upper level disturbance late Tuesday night through Wednesday, and a second chance late in the upcoming weekend into early next week. && .UPDATE... Issued at 945 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 Various notes regarding recent and very short term upcoming weather (the next several hours): -- THE LAST SEVERAL HOURS: - Firstly, the Red Flag Warning for several of our eastern- southeast Nebraska counties was allowed to expire "on time" at 8 PM. - As was fully expected, our forecast area (CWA) was essentially entirely spared of any severe thunderstorm threat that has instead unfolded (as expected, albeit in fairly spotty fashion) off to our northeast, east and southeast. - Our main issues late this afternoon-early evening involved a surge of slightly-sub-severe northwest winds (peak gusts mainly 45-55 MPH) that tracked from north-northwest to south- southeast across our CWA, initially driven and peaking in intensity in our north-northwest counties by a combo of convective outflow from weaker thunderstorms and a surging cold front, and then with speeds letting up slightly as the front pushed through our south-southeast counties. Given recent dryness and freshly-tilled fields, there were various areas of blowing dust/reduced visibility (localized under 1 mile) along the surging front and lasting for about 15-30 minutes in its wake. Given the rather brief duration of "dust issues", we opted against formal Dust Advisories and instead handled with Special Weather Statements. - THE NEXT SEVERAL HOURS (OVERNIGHT): - We are maintaining a few more hours of rain shower/sprinkle chances within mainly the northwest half of our CWA (as far south as roughly an Elwood-Grand Island-Osceola line), but high-res models (and radar trends) suggest this light activity is already steadily vacating from southwest to northeast. - Post-midnight, winds will slowly/gradually continue to diminish, with speeds no higher than 10-15 MPH most areas by sunrise. Tues AM low temps will bottom out 20+ degrees cooler than this morning`s values most areas ((mainly low 40s). && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 156 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 Mostly clear skies prevailed across the region today, with some CU developing early this afternoon across our western and eastern fringes. So far this CU has behaved as there is a fairly strong CAP in place, but continue to expect some convective development as we continue through the afternoon hours, but primarily east and north of the local area. For this afternoon and tonight, expect a line of thunderstorms to develop to our northwest by the 4-5 PM timeframe, near a cold front that will race southeast across the local area this evening. A few of these storms could reach portions of south central Nebraska mainly north of Highway 92 either side of 00Z, before diminishing in coverage and intensity by mid-evening. With most of the CAMs not initiating any storms locally, downplayed the severe threat in the HWO, limiting the mention to areas north of Highway 92 - where the 18Z HRRR has a couple of storms clipping this area around 7 PM. Ahead of the front, temperatures have climbed across the area this afternoon, with many locations topping out in the 80s. These warm temperatures have promoted mixing to above 700 MB, helping to mix down lower dew points across the area, with widespread elevated to near critical fire weather conditions currently being observed. Continue to expect critical conditions for a few hours late this afternoon/early evening for area east of Highway 281, where a Red Flag Warning is in effect until 8 PM CDT. Behind the cold front, expect gusty northwesterly winds to continue across the area through the overnight hours. These elevated winds will help keep the atmosphere fairly mixed overnight, preventing temperatures from plummeting too quickly, and pulled the mention of patchy frost from the grids for Dawson county Tuesday morning. For the daytime hours Tuesday, winds should relax through the afternoon hours with noticably cooler highs in the 60s (albeit those will be fairly "normal" for late April). As the remnants of an upper level low then exit the southwest and emerge into the southern plains Tuesday night, expect increasing moisture and precip chances from the south overnight Tuesday, with some light precip along with an isolated non- severe thunderstorm or two possible across the local area Wednesday. That said, despite a more than 24 hour period of pops in the forecast with this disturbance, QPF amounts are anticipated to be on the lower end, with most locations receiving less than 0.10" with this disturbance. Thereafter...weak ridging aloft should keep the area dry and mild (70s) for the latter portion of the week, with another upper level disturbance possibly undercutting the ridge and emerging from the southwest late in the weekend. Still some uncertainty with the timing and intensity of this system late in the weekend, but we do have some corresponding low pops Saturday PM through Sunday, with the better chance for more widespread precip likely coming with a stronger upper level low early next week. && .AVIATION /00Z TAFS THROUGH 00Z WEDNESDAY/... Issued at 628 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 For KGRI/KEAR Airports: VFR conditions will give way to a brief period of MVFR for both sites overnight, with conditions improving by daybreak Tuesday. Tonight...initial concern focuses on arriving hybrid cool front/outflow boundary producing strong northwest winds. Upstream observations have indicated gusts exceeding 40 to 45 knots for many sites and will begin both forecasts with these stronger gusts lasting for an hour or two at most. Eventually as the cooler air works in behind the front, low stratus will develop and encompass both GRI/EAR. Did introduce MVFR CIGs for both sites but as winds lighten and begin to veer while high pressure works in, expect a quick departure of clouds leaving clear to mostly clear skies by 29/12z through the end of the valid forecast period. && .GID WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... NE...None. KS...None. && $$ UPDATE...Pfannkuch DISCUSSION...Rossi AVIATION...NMJ/NWS LBF
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Green Bay WI
812 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 Updated aviation portion for 06Z TAF issuance .KEY MESSAGES... - Multiple rounds of thunderstorms are expected late this afternoon through tonight. A significant severe weather outbreak is possible this evening into the early overnight hours. Most of the forecast area has an Enhanced Risk of severe thunderstorms, with parts of central WI in a Moderate Risk. - Thunderstorm chances are lower during the late afternoon. However, any storms that do develop could quickly become severe, with tornadoes, damaging winds and large hail all possible. Confidence in the details is lowest for this round of storms. - The final round of storms is forecast to impact the area this evening into the early overnight hours. Confidence is higher that a line of storms will impact the area, with potential for widespread damaging winds and embedded tornadoes. && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 233 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 Short Term...Tonight and Tuesday Scattered elevated convection has develop across central WI this afternoon as mid-level lapse rates have steepened. Radar returns are indicating some non-severe hail is occurring with in these storms. Expect these pulse-type storms to grow in coverage over the next few hours, however, the likelihood that any cells become severe is low, as the greatest SBCAPE values remain along and west of the 1- 35 corridor in central MN and RAP analysis soundings still show a strong cap around 850mb. CAMs continue to show the best window for severe thunderstorm initiation between 00-02Z as the cap erodes. Strong moisture advection will create a much more unstable atmosphere as a warm front currently draped across southwest WI moves north and east. Initially discrete supercells will be possible across central WI as storms initiate. SBCAPES increasing to 100-1500 J/kg along with strong low-level (0-1km) shear 30-35kts (SRH 290 m2/s2) does point to a potential tornado threat with any storms that do develop. Steep mid-level lapse rates also bring severe hail, up to 2" into play with the strongest storms. As the event progresses and a cold front starts to push into the western part of the forecast area storms are forecast to grow upscale into a QLCS. As this occurs damaging severe winds gusts along with embedded tornados will become possible. If an organized QLCS is able to develop it will likely remain severe as it moves east across the region, however, storm intensity may start to weaken as they approach Lake Michigan. The severe weather threat is expected to end around or just after midnight. Behind the cold front there may be some lingering thunderstorms Tuesday morning, but the risk for any severe storms at that time will be low. Winds behind the front also look gusty for Tuesday with peak gusts reaching 30-40 mph. Long Term...Tuesday Night Through Monday Tuesday-Monday: Cooler conditions are expected on Tuesday in the wake of the surface cold front as Canadian high pressure builds into the area. Instability quickly wanes as drier air works in, but a few showers remain possible as a mid-level shortwave trough swings through. Otherwise, broad troughing will overspread the area later in the week as northern/stream shortwave troughs transect the central US. Although details of this system are somewhat unclear, rain chances increase by Thursday (40-80%), with chances lingering into Friday. Trends favor the area being on the cooler side of this system, keeping any severe weather potential farther south. The pattern looks to trend drier heading into the weekend as mid- level ridging builds across the central US downstream from large scale trough development across the western US. Trends favor a return to above average temps in this regime. && .AVIATION...for 06Z TAF Issuance Issued at 812 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 Main focus will be showers and storms, some strong to severe, pushing across the area through the late evening. Expect activity to continue to pop up ahead of the main line, then the line of storms will cross the area mainly between 02-06z. Overall, the storms have been struggling to our west, but some better organization is still possible in the next couple/three hours then a weakening trend is expected as it pushes towards far eastern WI. The strongest storms may be capable of producing strong winds gusts over 40kts, hail over 1", and a tornado. Intense downpours may also drop vsbys to MVFR/IFR at times. South/southwest surface winds will continue to gust ahead of the line, with winds shifting to the west then northwest on Tuesday. The northwest winds could gust up to ~40 kts for a time Tuesday morning, before diminishing in the late morning and afternoon. LLWS is expected to continue across much of the area through late tonight, due to a low-level jet of 50 to 55 kts. && .GRB WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... None. && $$ DISCUSSION.....GK/JM AVIATION.......Bersch
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service North Platte NE
623 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 .KEY MESSAGES... - A Slight Risk (Level 2 of 5) for severe thunderstorms across portions of north central Nebraska this afternoon and evening. The primary severe weather concerns will be large hail, with a secondary threat for damaging wind gusts. - Another appreciable chance for showers and thunderstorms Wednesday afternoon and evening. Severe potential appears low at this time. - Temperatures gradually warm from near seasonal to above seasonal late this week into the weekend. && .SHORT TERM /THROUGH TUESDAY NIGHT/... Issued at 236 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 A secondary cold front will continue to drop south across the region this afternoon and evening, bringing the potential for showers and thunderstorms across western and north central Nebraska. Better moisture remains available north of Highway 2, with afternoon dewpoints in the 40s to low 50s. South of Highway 2, dewpoints remain much lower, in the low 30s. Cumulus development, including some showers and thunderstorms are already underway across portions of western Nebraska and is expected to continue and intensify ahead of the cold front. CAPE values are much more substantial across eastern Nebraska, ahead of the primary cold front. However, there is a suggestion of CAPE values in excess of 1,000 J/kg pooling over portions of north central Nebraska, mainly along the Highway 183 and Highway 281 corridors. The HRRR remains quite consistent today, suggesting initial cell development supportive of supercells across this portion of north central Nebraska. GIven the suggested higher cloud base with these cells, and suggested inverted V patterns in the lowest 2 km, believe the main severe threat will be large hail, with a secondary threat of damaging wind gusts. This is further backed by the SPC Slight Risk (Level 2 of 5) across portions of north central Nebraska this afternoon. Have trended PoPs up in the short term across north central Nebraska through this evening. As the cold front pushes through, expect a quick end to precipitation this evening as storms track further east. Tonight, though showers and thunderstorms track out of the region, the skies remain fairly cloudy. With the front pushing through, went ahead and lowered lows tonight by a few degrees, as inherited temperatures were sitting on the higher end of guidance. Skies begin to clear out around sunrise, giving way to a mostly pleasant Tuesday. Highs climb into the mid 60s, with no precipitation expected. Winds may become slightly breezy behind the front, however, should remain mostly under 20 mph through the afternoon across the region. Skies remain partly cloudy overnight, with lows into Wednesday morning dropping into the upper 30s. && .LONG TERM /WEDNESDAY THROUGH MONDAY/... Issued at 236 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 As an upper level trough pushes through the region on Wednesday, another surface level disturbance is expected to track through the region, bringing another chance of showers and thunderstorms Wednesday afternoon and evening. Will need to monitor the potential for a strong system across the southern Plains, which may limit some of our moisture advection into the region. Afternoon CAPE looks to be fairly low across the region on Wednesday, generally under 1,00 J/kg. Upper level winds also appear to be fairly weak, limiting shear potential for more organized convection. Will be monitoring short term forecast trends in case conditions change, but as of now, not expecting storms on Wednesday to reach severe criteria. As the trough exits the region, an upper level ridge tracks over the region for a bit. An upper level low begins to develop across the Desert Southwest, however, there is a bit of uncertainty in timing for when this ejects over the Southern Plains. For now, slight chances of precipitation are in the forecast for this weekend, mainly due to the uncertainty in the track of the upper level low. There is some agreement in cluster analysis placing the low over the southern Plains on Monday, potentially bringing our next chances for rain. However, with this pattern developing, expecting that temperatures remain near seasonal to slightly above seasonal mid to late week, becoming above average by the weekend. For reference, our average highs in North Platte are in the mid to high 60s for early May. The current forecast calls for temperatures late week in the upper 60s to lower 70s. By the weekend, we could see temperatures in the upper 70s, with some suggestion of lower 80s. However, a lot will depend on how the upper level pattern develops over the next few days. && .AVIATION /00Z TAFS THROUGH 00Z WEDNESDAY/... Issued at 620 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 Continued aviation concerns focus on strong northwest winds in the wake of the passing cold front/outflow boundary. Measured gusts have ranged in the 35 to 45 knot range for area reporting stations, to include North Platte. This will likely persist for another hour or so before waning. Convection is largely out of the local area and concerns will then transition to incoming low stratus that will introduce MVFR CIGs. These conditions are currently affecting VTN and will gradually work their way south to LBF by late tonight. These lower CIGs will likely prevail through the early morning Tuesday before conditions improve and winds decrease leaving clear to mostly clear skies and a return to VFR conditions. && .LBF WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... None. && $$ SHORT TERM...Richie LONG TERM...Richie AVIATION...NMJ
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Midland/Odessa TX
618 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 ...New AVIATION... .KEY MESSAGES... Updated at 613 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 - A low chance (20-35%) of thunderstorms is expected this afternoon and evening from the Stockton Plateau to the Permian Basin. The primary threats are very large hail and damaging winds, but a tornado or two cannot be ruled out. - Windy and dry conditions will spread result in elevated fire weather conditions for western portions of the area again Tuesday. - A higher (50% to 70%) chance of storms over the northern and eastern Permian Basin Tuesday evening into Tuesday night with the primary threats again being large hail and damaging winds. && .UPDATE... Issued at 504 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 A narrow plume of mid-level ascent has spread from the Davis Mountains to the Upper Trans Pecos and western Permian Basin this afternoon. A very dry airmass in the low-levels has resulted in inverted V type soundings, so precipitation falling from the mid- levels is virga over these locations. RAP forecast soundings reveal downdraft CAPE values in excess of 1000 J/KG, so light virga showers moving overhead will be capable of producing wind gusts of 50-70 mph along with areas of blowing dust reducing visibility to 1/4 mile or less. We have issued a Blowing Dust Warning from the Permian Basin to the Upper Trans Pecos, Van Horn corridor, Davis Mountains, and Marfa Plateau until 8 PM CDT. Thunderstorms have also developed over the southeastern Permian Basin over the past couple of hours along the dryline, some of which have already become severe with an earlier report of golfball sized hail on 349 southwest of Midkiff. A Tornado Watch has been issued for the eastern Permian Basin until 11 PM CDT. While a tornado or two is possible, the primary severe hazards with convection this evening will probably be large hail and damaging winds. /21 && .SHORT TERM... (This afternoon through Tuesday night) Issued at 316 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 VIS/IR satellite imagery shows scattered to broken high clouds streaming from southwest to northeast across the area early this afternoon, and radar and lightning data has even indicated storms along the dryline over Davis Mountains around noon today. The clouds and moisture are associated with mid-level moisture streaming in on persistent southwest flow, courtesy of a long wave troughing pattern from the Great Basin into northern Mexico that has been present since last week. This pattern has kept daily shower/storm chances present, and today will be no exception. SPC has highlighted Stockton Plateau and Permian Basin in a SLGT risk and northeast Permian Basin in an ENH risk today, with up to a 30% risk of large hail within 25 miles of any given point over the latter region, as well as up to a 10% risk of damaging winds. Amidst mean CAPE 1000- 1500 J/kg from Stockton Plateau into central Permian Basin and points east, mean tropospheric southwesterly wind shear of 35 to 40 knots, and mean PWAT 1" to 1.20" and low-level and mid-level RH below 70% in forecast soundings, instability for storms to be rooted in the boundary layer, shear for organization of rotating updrafts necessary for long-lived storms capable of producing severe weather, and dry enough conditions in the lower troposphere to minimize melting of falling hailstones, respectively, will all be present. The combinations of these factors along with low-level lapse rates 7- 9 C/km will lead to a primary risk of large hail and damaging winds. However, a tornado or two cannot be ruled out, considering potential for backing of low-level winds east of the dryline, 0-1 km and 0-3 km helicity at least 80 m2/s2, and LCLs below 1000 meters. Highest severe risk will be situated near the intersection of the quasi- stationary cold front and dryline, which from WPC Surface Analysis looks to be the central and northeast Permian Basin. Highs today rise to above average despite convective cloud debris from storms later in the day, topping out 8 to 10 degrees above average. This translates to mid 80s to mid 90s, upper 70s to lower 80s Guadalupes into westernmost Eddy County, and upper 90s to triple digits near the Rio Grande in the Big Bend into Presidio Valley. Under remaining scattered to broken cloud cover limiting radiational cooling, lows only fall 8 to 12 degrees above average, translating to mid 50s to mid 60s, with a medium probability of lows between 50F and 55F across Guadalupes into northern SE NM plains, and low to medium probability of lows only falling to 70F along the Rio Grande in the Big Bend. Tomorrow, a similar setup with a dryline across Lea County into the Upper Trans Pecos, Davis Mountains, and Big Bend, and a quasi- stationary cold front farther south over the central Permian Basin are indicated on WPC Surface Analysis. SPC has again outlined much of the same region as today in a SLGT risk, with an ENH risk over the northeast Permian Basin, and MRGL risk down to Terrell County and east and northeast of the Davis Mountains, where the dryline is again likely to setup. Storm formation is expected to be driven by a combination of differential heating across synoptic and mesoscale boundaries, heating of elevated terrain, and interactions/mergers of ongoing storms that will itself aid in southward progression of the quasi-stationary cold front front. Large hail, damaging winds, and a tornado or two again look to be the main risks with any strong to severe storms that develop. PoPs higher than today and in the 50% to 70% range are indicated Tuesday evening as a LLJ strengthens south of the convectively modulated synoptic cold front. All of these considerations in addition to similar mean CAPE, shear, PWAT, elongated hodographs, and helicity suggesting more widespread coverage and organization of broad clusters and bowing segments of storms capable of all severe hazards than this evening in more humid air behind the front. Highs 4 to 5 degrees cooler than today across W TX and 2 to 3 degrees cooler than today across SE NM are forecast as the cold front develops farther south than today, and CAA, clouds, and increased rain chances - especially over the northeast Permian Basin, keep temperatures cooler. This translates to highs only rising into the 80s, upper 70s higher elevations and westernmost and northernmost SE NM plains, a medium to high probability of highs rising into the lower 90s across the Upper Trans Pecos, and highs rising into the mid 90s to triple digits along the Rio Grande in the Presidio Valley into Big Bend. Lows then again fall into the 50s and 60s for most, but 5 degrees cooler for most locations as a result of southward progression of the cold front. Despite storm chances, not every place east of the dryline will see rain, when taking into account forecast convective nature of precipitation. NBM indicates a few tenths of an inch northwest Permian Basin into Midland-Odessa, with 0.50" to 0.75" for the northeast Permian Basin, 0.75" to 1.00" in central and eastern portions of northernmost Permian Basin. Ensembles show rain total amounts by Wednesday morning ranging from near zero everywhere except for a few hundredths of an inch across then northeast Permian Basin, to mean accumulations of a tenths of an inch Terrell County into central Permian Basin and up to 0.50" over northeast Permian Basin, to as much as 0.50" to 0.75" Terrell County into central Permian Basin and 1.00" to 1.50" northeast Permian Basin. There is medium probability of rainfall up to 0.25" in the Midland-Odessa metro and points north and east, high probability of rainfall up to 0.50" across the Western Low Rolling Plains, medium to high probability of rainfall up to 0.75" Western Low Rolling Plains, and medium to low probability of rainfall 1.00" up to 1.50" for Western Low Rolling Plains. Both ensembles and NBM are relatively consistent in showing a dryline with a pronounced moisture gradient setting up east and northeast of the Davis Mountains, as evidenced by dew point temperatures in the teens to 20s F west of the dryline, and lower 50s to lower 60s F east of the dryline. However, NBM in comparison to ensembles demonstrate uncertainty in expected rainfall into mid- week. All in all, it will not be a washout everywhere, the air will continue to feel dry where there is no chance of showers and storms, and the biggest impact of any showers and storms will be severe weather and daytime temperatures being kept down from convective cloud debris limiting diurnal heating. && .LONG TERM... (Wednesday through Sunday) Issued at 229 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 An upper-level trough will swing across southeast New Mexico and west Texas during the day Wednesday. The dryline will likely push east through most of our forecast area on Wednesday. A few light showers could clip the far northeastern fringes of our area, including the western Low Rolling Plains on Wednesday morning along the base of the trough axis but the majority of our region is expected to remain mostly sunny and dry on Wednesday with highs in the upper 70s to mid 80s over most areas, except in the mid 80s to the lower 90s across the Trans Pecos and along the Rio Grande. Dry weather conditions are expected to persist on Thursday as weak shortwave ridging aloft builds over the region. High temperatures should trend a little warmer in the mid 80s to lower 90s over most of the forecast area, except for readings in the mid 90s to around 100 degrees along the Rio Grande. Another potent upper-level trough clipping across the northern/central Plains and the Upper Midwest will send a cold front southward through southeast New Mexico and much of west Texas on Friday. Deep layer moisture may increase along the vicinity of the boundary in association with a series of shortwave impulses translating across our CWA Friday afternoon through Saturday afternoon. We will keep a good chance of showers and thunderstorms in the forecast during this time frame. The overall potential for severe weather and heavy rainfall remains uncertain as moisture quality and available instability remain in question this far out. We will monitor trends over the next few days. Highs in the upper 80s to lower 90s (except mid 90s to around 100 degrees along the Rio Grande) on Thursday should trend cooler in the 70s and 80s over most places behind the front Friday and Saturday, although temperatures will still remain quite warm along the Rio Grande. Drier conditions are anticipated on Sunday. && .AVIATION... (00Z TAFS) Issued at 613 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 A small band of virga translating from the Davis Mountains to the Permian Basin may result in localized strong and gusty winds in excess of 40 kt and areas of blowing dust reducing visibility to IFR thresholds or lower at times through early this evening. Isolated TSRA may develop over the far eastern Basin through early this evening. VFR otherwise prevails through the period. && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... Big Spring 92 64 86 59 / 20 40 30 80 Carlsbad 90 57 87 53 / 0 0 0 20 Dryden 93 65 88 63 / 20 30 20 40 Fort Stockton 95 65 91 60 / 20 30 20 40 Guadalupe Pass 81 57 79 52 / 0 0 0 10 Hobbs 88 57 86 51 / 0 10 10 60 Marfa 87 56 86 51 / 10 10 10 20 Midland Intl Airport 92 65 86 59 / 10 30 20 70 Odessa 91 65 86 59 / 10 30 20 70 Wink 94 62 92 58 / 10 10 10 50 && .MAF WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... TX...Blowing Dust Warning until 8 PM CDT this evening for Chinati Mountains-Crane-Davis Mountains-Davis Mountains Foothills- Eastern Culberson-Ector-Glasscock-Howard-Loving-Marfa Plateau-Martin-Midland-Pecos-Presidio Valley-Reeves County Plains-Upton-Van Horn and Highway 54 Corridor-Ward-Winkler. NM...None. && $$ SHORT TERM...94 LONG TERM....21 AVIATION...21
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Newport/Morehead City NC
753 PM EDT Mon Apr 28 2025 .SYNOPSIS... Cooler high pressure remains over the area tonight. The high then shifts offshore tomorrow and will remain anchored of the SE coast through at least Friday. A cold front will move through the region sometime this weekend. && .NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 AM TUESDAY MORNING/... As of 745 PM Mon...Only minor changes to the forecast, mainly to capture T and Td trends. NC DAQ has issued a Orange Air Quality Action Day for Jones county through Midnight Tuesday night due to smoke produced from the Black Swamp Fire. Have issued the Air Quality Alert and added HRRR Smoke to the grids. Previous discussion...High pressure will gradually shift offshore tonight, with another quiet and clear night expected. Excellent radiational cooling conditions will develop, and allow for readings to drop into the upper 40s to low 50s inland overnight, while temps remain in the upper 50s to around 60 along the coast. Forecast soundings again look too dry for fog but with such strong radiational cooling could see some patchy ground fog develop late. && .SHORT TERM /TUESDAY/... As of 145 PM Mon...Tuesday the surface ridge will begin a week long residency centered off the Southeast Coast while extending into the Carolinas. Thus we will see a continuation of the rather benign period of weather. Developing SW flow and associated warm advection will result in highs getting into the low 80s inland and mid 70s along the OBX. && .LONG TERM /TUESDAY NIGHT THROUGH MONDAY/... As of 315 AM Monday... KEY MESSAGES: -Warm and humid Wednesday through the end of the week -Next potential cold front impacts the area this weekend bringing unsettled weather to ENC Tuesday night through Thursday...Amplified upper level pattern will be in place into the end of the week with general troughing across the western CONUS and ridging over the Southeast and Mid- Atlantic through Thursday. A weak upper trough will pass well to the north of the Mid-Atlantic on Wednesday. Within the troughing to the west, a northern stream positively tilted trough will dive SE`wards across the Pacific NW and reach the the northern Plains by Thursday and this trough will eventually be our next potential weather maker for ENC this weekend. At the surface, ridging will be centered off the Southeast Coast and remain centered off the coast into the end of the week. As a result, a rather benign period of weather is expected with SW`rly flow prevailing allowing for a WAA regime to persist across Carolinas. Wed, a weak shortwave will pass by to the north with associated surface cold front stalling in Virginia. The stalled front to the north will bring a low end chance for some showers and storms mainly north of Hwy 264 on Wed afternoon and evening, though little in the way of QPF is expected even if it did rain across this area given lack of forcing. This stalled front will then lift north as a warm front on Thursday as a developing low in the Southern Plains pushes NE`wards towards the Midwest keeping things dry and warm. With persistent SW`rly WAA regime and increasing low level thicknesses, expect highs to get into the mid 80s inland and upper 70s along the OBX while lows get down into the low to mid 60s each night. Friday through the weekend...Upper ridging finally pushes offshore by the end of the week with the aforementioned upper trough in the northern Plains pushing E`wards as well this weekend while deepening. There are some minor differences in strength and exact track of this trough as it moves across the Eastern Seaboard with the GFS/ECMWF being the most progressive and the Canadian guidance being the slowest but general trend is for this trough to approach the area by Fri and push offshore by early next week at the latest. At the surface, deepening low pressure in the Midwest continues to track north and east towards Canada while its associated cold front quickly sweeps E`wards across the Ohio River Valley and eventually off the East Coast this weekend. There remain some minor differences in frontal timing but most guidance pushes the front off the coast on Sat. The one challenge for this weekend will be if we see any thunderstorm activity associated with this frontal passage and a prefrontal trough out ahead of the main front. GFS is the wettest guidance overall bringing a chance for showers and thunderstorms both Fri afternoon into Sat while the ECMWF and Canadian guidance holds precip off until the frontal passage on Sat. Either way most guidance does suggest we see thunderstorms during this time period with ensemble guidance showing at least a 50-70% chance of MLCAPE values above 500 J/kg both Fri afternoon and on Sat across ENC. With increasing wind shear expected as the upper trough approaches there is at least a low end concern for stronger storms either Fri or Sat. CIPS guidance as well as some ML/AI guidance does continue to hint at a non zero threat for severe weather Fri or Sat. Will have to continue to monitor the forecast trends to see if the threat increases or decreases with the approach of the aforementioned front. Otherwise above avg temps continue ahead of the front on Fri before temps trend closer to avg over the weekend. && .AVIATION /00Z TUESDAY THROUGH SATURDAY/... SHORT TERM /through Tuesday Afternoon/... As of 745 PM Mon...VFR conditions are expected to continue through Tuesday with cool and dry high pressure over the region. Aside from some areas of high clouds it will be clear with light winds around 10 kts or less. Could see patches of ground fog develop early Tue due to the strong radiational cooling but should not be impactful to aviation operations. Will have to watch smoke production from the Black Swamp Fire in the Croatan NF. With winds becoming southerly on Tuesday, smoke transport may impact EWN, potentially bringing reduced vsbys. LONG TERM /Tuesday night through Friday/... As of 330 AM Monday...High pressure ridging will push offshore and remain centered off the Southeast Coast through Thursday bringing primarily VFR conditions across all of ENC into the end of the week. There is a low end chance at seeing some sub-VFR conditions on Friday with the approach of a cold front. && .MARINE... SHORT TERM /through Tuesday/... As of 145 PM Mon...Excellent boating conditions will continue through Tue with light winds and manageable seas thanks to high pressure over the region. Winds today will continue E/SE 5-15 kt as a sea breeze develops and moves inland through this evening. Winds continue to veer overnight, and will become generally SE/S at 5-10 kts. SE winds will persist at 5-10 kts Tue morning as high pressure pushes offshore with winds gradually veering to a to a S to SW direction in the afternoon while increasing to 10-15 kts with gusts to 20 kt late. Seas will be mostly 2-4 ft through the period. LONG TERM /Tuesday night through Friday/... As of 330 AM Monday...No significant changes to the forecast as high pressure will remain in control for the most part through the period. This will bring a general lull in impactful marine conditions into the end of the week. Overnight Tue and into Wed, a cold front will approach the area and stall to the north which will allow for SW`rly winds to increase closer to 10-20 kts while seas remain around 2-4 ft. Front should stall to the north of the Carolinas limiting any shower or thunderstorm chances. As we get into Thurs, front lifts north as a warm front allowing the gradient to relax and for SW`rly winds to ease down to 10-15 kts and 2-4 ft seas. We do finally see our streak of benign boating conditions come to an end as a stronger cold front approaches from the west on Fri increasing winds closer to 15-20 kts with gusts up to 25 kts and 3-5 ft seas resulting in the potential for SCA conditions at the end of the workweek. && .FIRE WEATHER... As of 7 AM Mon... **Increased Fire Danger Possible This Afternoon Due to low Relative Humidity** A dry airmass will hold on today, while temps climb into the 70s this afternoon. This will lead to RH values dropping to 20%-25% this afternoon. Additionally, extremely dry recent conditions have kept fuels dry despite the recent green up. The main limiting factor today will be winds, which will generally be below 15 mph, but will be changing direction abruptly this afternoon due to an inland advancing seabreeze. && .MHX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... NC...Air Quality Alert until midnight EDT Tuesday night for NCZ092. MARINE...None. && $$ SYNOPSIS...MHX NEAR TERM...JME/SK SHORT TERM...JME LONG TERM...RCF AVIATION...JME/RCF/SK MARINE...JME/RCF FIRE WEATHER...MHX
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Melbourne FL
857 PM EDT Mon Apr 28 2025 ...New UPDATE... .KEY MESSAGES... Issued at 855 PM EDT Mon Apr 28 2025 - A few showers and storms possible along the coast and over the northern half of the area tonight. - A High risk for dangerous rip currents remains at area beaches. - Sensitive fire weather conditions continue this week. && .UPDATE... Issued at 855 PM EDT Mon Apr 28 2025 Showers and lightning storms over interior portions of the area (mainly west of Orlando) are beginning to diminish this evening. The heaviest rain totals from earlier (according to MRMS) reached 2-2.5 inches in a couple of spots in Lake and western Orange counties. Now, additional showers and storms are developing over the Atlantic, and some of this activity is shown in hi-res guidance to track southwestward toward our coast tonight. As a result, this forecast update includes refinements to rain chances overnight, with a focus for the highest chances along the immediate coast. Lightning storms will remain possible, along with gusty winds and locally heavy rainfall. The remainder of the forecast is in good shape. && .PREVIOUS DISCUSSION... Issued at 257 PM EDT Mon Apr 28 2025 Rest of Today-Tonight...Increased moisture associated with a decaying frontal boundary extending offshore of the First Coast will sag into central Florida as high pressure over the eastern US pushes offshore the Mid-Atlantic seaboard behind the boundary. Satellite imagery as well as radar imagery from KJAX and KMLB show hints of a weak surface trough forming along the boundary out beyond the JAX and MLB coastal waters. Subsidence and drier air on the western side of this feature appears to be producing an environment unfavorable (but not impossible) for convection over the Atlantic waters and to the coast, so based on current trends and the latest HRRR and RAP guidance, have pulled back rain and storm chances for this evening a bit. That said, across the northern counties and farther inland away from this feature, RAP analysis shows the environment remains favorable for a continued low (20-30 %) chance of showers and lightning storms, capable of occasional cloud to ground lightning, gusty winds to 40 mph, and locally heavy rainfall (especially if a storm gets stuck on a boundary), where boundary interactions can get things going. In addition, there is another opportunity for a little rain tonight from a low (20-30%) chance of showers and lightning storms moving onshore from late tonight into the morning. As for the rest of the forecast, weak onshore flow and the sea breeze keeps the coast`s temperatures near normal during the day, while very warm conditions continue inland, with above normal overnight temperatures for all. Tuesday-Friday...(Modified Previous Discussion) The aforementioned area of high pressure at the surface will gradually drift southward through the remainder of the work week, with the ridge axis also shifting towards the Florida peninsula. While some lingering activity Tuesday morning from remnant overnight storms, and in the afternoon afternoon as the sea breeze moves inland cannot be ruled out, mostly dry conditions are anticipated to prevail across east central Florida each day. Onshore winds Tuesday and Wednesday will be further enhanced during the afternoons by the east coast sea breeze, with wind speeds reaching 10 to 15 mph. As the ridge axis shifts southward, winds veer to out of the southeast on Thursday and out of the south on Friday. Winds along the coast back to out of the east-southeast as the sea breeze moves inland each afternoon. Skies are anticipated to remain mostly clear until Friday, when increasing moisture locally will support greater cloud coverage across the area. Slightly cooler into Tuesday with highs in the low to mid 80s, but this is short- lived as conditions warm mid to late week back into the mid 80s to low 90s. Lows generally remain in the low to mid 60s, though some upper 50s cannot be ruled out Tuesday and Wednesday nights in the more rural portions of east central Florida. Saturday-Sunday...(Previous Discussion) The next best chance for rain looks to be this weekend. Guidance indicates that a mid-level trough will sweep southeastward from the Great Lakes towards the Mid-Atlantic, swinging northeastward towards New England. At the surface, this will translate to a cold front sweeping across the southeastern U.S., weakening as it moves towards the Florida peninsula. As it approaches east central Florida, moisture will increase, with rain chances also increasing as a result. Between the weakening front and the development of the east coast sea breeze each afternoon, shower activity will have some sort of mechanism present helping to kick it off in the afternoons. Isolated storms cannot be ruled out, though confidence at this time remains low. There does remain some deal of discrepancy between guidance at this time, with the GFS being the wetter solution at this time. Stuck with the NBM, which keeps PoPs at 20 to 30 percent each day. While activity is anticipated to gradually diminish into the overnight hours across the peninsula, some lingering showers and storms will be possible across the local Atlantic waters. Outside of rain chances, temperatures are forecast to remain in the mid 80s to low 90s with overnight lows in the low to mid 60s. && .MARINE... Issued at 855 PM EDT Mon Apr 28 2025 An area of high pressure moves southeastward off the coast of the Carolinas, pushing a weakening cold front southwestward into the local Atlantic waters tonight. A 20 pct chance of lightning storms capable of gusty winds to 35 kts and occasional cloud to water lightning continues. Persistent onshore flow increases to 15 to 20 knots overnight across the offshore waters, continuing through Tuesday and Tuesday night. Seas respond by building up to 6 feet in the Gulf Stream, and 4 to 5 feet elsewhere. Small craft will need to exercise caution across the offshore waters tonight through Tuesday as a result of these deteriorating boating conditions. High pressure shifts farther south Wednesday through Friday, with a return of generally favorable boating conditions anticipated across the local waters. Onshore winds 10 to 15 knots gradually veer to out of the south-southeast at 10 to 15 knots by the end of the week. Seas subside back to 3 to 5 feet through the remainder of the period. Dry conditions return, with no mentionable rain chances forecast until the weekend. && .AVIATION... (00Z TAFs) Issued at 720 PM EDT Mon Apr 28 2025 Evening convection west of KMCO should continue to focus westward and diminish into mid evening. ENE/E winds diminishing this evening and overnight, increasing again on Tue 10-17 kts into the afternoon with higher gusts (20-25 kts). Will monitor if ISOLD convection is able to develop along the east coast overnight and possibly further inland Tue morning across interior TAF sites, though confidence is low. Models also hint at some MVFR CIGs later tonight into early Tue morning and will amend as necessary. VFR otherwise. && .FIRE WEATHER... Issued at 257 PM EDT Mon Apr 28 2025 A weakening front is forecast to sag into Central Florida this evening, resulting in increasing moisture, rain, and storm chances. While the greater moisture will keep minimum RH values above critical thresholds and onshore flow is anticipated to remain between 10 to 15 mph, sensitive fire weather conditions are still anticipated due to the chance for storms. Any lightning strikes could spark new wildfires, with the greatest chance for storms focused from the Orlando metro towards the Cape and areas northward this evening, which do encompass some of our driest areas across east central Florida, and along the coast tonight. Lingering moisture into Tuesday will quickly dry out mid to late week, with minimum RH values forecast to fall once again to 35 to 45 percent across the interior from Wednesday through Friday. Onshore flow Tuesday and Wednesday veers to out of the southeast on Thursday and out of the south on Friday, though backing along the coast is anticipated as a result of the development of the east coast sea breeze each afternoon. No rain chances forecast from Wednesday through Friday, allowing for continued drying of fuels and sensitive fire weather conditions. Next best chance for rain is forecast for this weekend, though discrepancies between models on timing and extent of rainfall still need to be worked out. && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... DAB 68 80 63 81 / 30 20 0 0 MCO 69 84 63 85 / 10 20 0 0 MLB 71 81 67 81 / 30 20 0 0 VRB 70 81 66 81 / 30 20 0 0 LEE 68 85 63 87 / 30 20 0 0 SFB 68 84 62 85 / 10 20 0 0 ORL 69 84 64 85 / 10 20 0 0 FPR 69 81 65 81 / 30 20 0 0 && .MLB WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... FL...None. AM...None. && $$ UPDATE...Schaper AVIATION...Sedlock
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Marquette MI
711 PM EDT Mon Apr 28 2025 .KEY MESSAGES... - Rain and snowmelt will continue to lead to rises on area rivers and possible minor flooding on typically flood-prone rivers, especially into mid week as a strong low pressure brings additional rainfall to the area today and this evening. - An active and warmer pattern is expected into tonight. Some strong to severe thunderstorms are possible with severe hail and wind gusts being the main threats. - Southerly gales to 45 knots are expected between Marquette and Grand Marais this afternoon into this evening. North to northwest gales of 40 knots are expected Tuesday over at least north central and eastern Lake Superior. - RHs into the 20 percents are possible Wednesday as a dry high pressure moves through the area. && .SHORT TERM /THROUGH TONIGHT/... Issued at 208 PM EDT Mon Apr 28 2025 The warm front of the approaching low pressure from the Northern Plains is currently bringing showers and thunderstorms to the Keweenaw, central, and eastern U.P. as of the time of this writing. While some gusty winds up to 30 mph and small pea sized hail have been seen in a few of the thunderstorms thus far, expect garden- variety showers and storms to progressively continue north and northeastward with time during the early to mid afternoon hours. Behind the warm front, expect fairly dry conditions for the next few hours as the low continues to approach far western Lake Superior. Concerns arise as to whether we will see breaks in the cloud cover this afternoon or not; if we do, we could be in for some strong to severe storms that could bring severe winds and hail to the region as a LLJ associated with the low increases bulk shear to 40 to 65 knots late this afternoon (convection is looking to start over the western U.P. around 6PM EDT as of the time of this writing). In addition, an isolated tornado or two cannot be completely ruled out either, especially along the WI border where SB instability is more likely; that being said, think the chances for a tornado this afternoon and evening are very low (less than 5%), especially away from the WI border area. The most recent runs of the HRRR and even other CAMs are beginning to suggest the convection being more discrete in nature late this afternoon through this evening ahead of and along the cold front as it moves in this evening. As instability increases along the front, expect the best chance for severe weather to occur along or right ahead of the front this evening through the overnight hours. As the convection continues eastwards into the east half, expect it to become elevated in nature, which should take out the little tornado threat that we did have. Currently, it looks like the severe weather threat will be over for our area by around to just after midnight tonight as the cold front pushes through the last bits of our area. Behind the cold front, expect some drier air to move in across the area. However, wrap around moisture around the low (which at this point is moving from Lake Superior into Canada) will begin to bring rain showers possibly mixed with snow over the western U.P. early Tuesday morning. While there may be a small (5% or less) flash flooding concern for the western area late this afternoon through this evening, chances have decreased for it to occur as less continuous and strong convection is now expected (less training of storms). Therefore, while the chance for flash flooding is above 0%, confidence in this occurring is too small to message as a Key Message now. && .LONG TERM /TUESDAY THROUGH MONDAY/... Issued at 402 PM EDT Mon Apr 28 2025 The mid level trough is expected to be over N Ontario, extending S into the UP and N WI by Tue morning. At the sfc, the low pressure at ~997mb will have made it to NE Ontario with it`s associated cold front draped SE over E Lake Superior and the Central UP. The trough continues E, lifting the sfc low NE over Quebec the remainder of the day with high pressure building over the Great Lakes. The cold front is progged to continue pressing SE across the remainder of the CWA through the morning hours. This overrides the dry slot over the S- Central and E early and continues some -shrasn into the afternoon hours as cold air filters in from the NW. Some thunder is possible with some lingering instability, however strong to severe weather is not expected. Any sn accumulations (more likely over the NW) would be light, with temps above freezing and sfc temps also being a limiting factor. As the high pressure builds in, dry weather returns from W to E gradually through the day with clear skies returning by Tue night. Otherwise, expect some gusty NW winds early in the day, especially E where gusts up to 25-35mph are anticipated. Temps will lower in the wake of the cold front only to warm slightly near WI and in the W in the late afternoon. Min temps Tue night are expected in the 20s with some low 30s near the Great Lakes. High pressure then shifts gradually over the Great Lakes through Wed with mid level ridging increasing overhead supporting dry and pleasant weather. Ensemble guidance shows PWATs below the 10th percentile of modeled climatology Tue night into Wed night, we could see min RHs drop down near 25% by the afternoon in the W where downslope flow supports warming. Better mixing in the east will fight with onshore flow off Lake MI, but RH falling near 30% in the interior E is likely. This does flirt with elevated fire weather concerns in the W, will continue to monitor this period. Additional -shra return late on Thu as a weak shortwave from Canada phases with a stronger low lifting through southern Lower MI into northern Quebec. We could see some sn mix down to the sfc in the wrap-around moisture/phasing inverted trough Thu night into Fri over the N, but uncertainty on that remains high at this time. Guidance begins to diverge into next weekend as this system makes an exit. A rex block sets up with deep low pressure somewhere over Quebec and over the Rockies or Four Corners, with amplifying ridging in between across the central CONUS. Should the rex block be S enough, we could see some shortwaves bring additional -shra over us this weekend; if not, then expect dry weather with the UP safely under the ridge. Otherwise, expect a warming trend with temps well above normal into next week with highs in the 60s to low 70s. Lows Sat morning in the upper 20s to low 30s gradually rise to mid 40s to low 50s for Tue morning. && .AVIATION /00Z TAFS THROUGH 00Z TUESDAY/... Issued at 710 PM EDT Mon Apr 28 2025 Center of surface low pressure will lift northeastward from NW Wisconsin to the central basin of Lake Superior between 00-06Z this evening. Large scale warm advection exists ahead of this system to support thunderstorms with heavy rain potential (IFR vsby and cigs) primarily between 00-04Z this evening. Southwesterly low level jet already in place is leading to low level wind shear at upwards of up to 55 to 60 knots at 2.0 kft agl per MQT VAD. The low level wind shear will remain likely until the cold front passage. Shallow cold front is expected to push across the western U.P. between 06-09Z with NNW winds of 20 to 35 knots possible. Low level cold advection will lead to saturation with MVFR stratus/stratocumulus and eventual rain/snow mix 11-17Z Tuesday. Aggressive drying is forecasted beyond 17Z although shallow MVFR stratus may persist into the afternoon. && .MARINE... Issued at 402 PM EDT Mon Apr 28 2025 A low pressure system currently over western Minnesota lifts northeast toward the lake through this evening. Southeast to south winds this afternoon continue into this evening around 15-25 kts over the west and between 20-30 kts over the east with some gale force gusts to 35 kts ahead of the system. A Gale Warning has been hoisted for 266 as well as continued the nearshores Gale Warning between Marquette and Grand Marais to accommodate the gust potential (50-70% chance) this afternoon and evening. As the low pressure lifts northeast over the region through tonight, winds become north to northwest behind the associated cold front with gales of 35-40 kts expected over the north central and eastern portions of the lake for Tuesday. Expect waves between 4-9 ft into this evening, highest over the northeastern waters. Strong northerly winds behind the cold front build waves up to 6-14ft, highest over the southeastern waters Tuesday afternoon. With high pressure building in quickly behind the low, expect winds diminish back below 20 kts from west to east on Tuesday. This also settles waves below 4ft in the west in the afternoon and around midnight in the east. The light winds around 20 kts or less are expected to continue into this upcoming weekend. Expect thunderstorms to continue into tonight. A few of these storms could bring severe hail and winds to the sfc, with the SPC showing a Slight Risk (15% chance or more) of severe weather over most of the lake. && .MQT WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... Upper Michigan... None. Lake Superior... Gale Warning from 8 AM to 2 PM EDT Tuesday for LSZ243>245-248- 265. Gale Warning until 2 AM EDT Tuesday for LSZ249-250. Gale Warning from 9 AM to 5 PM EDT Tuesday for LSZ249>251-267. Gale Warning from 5 AM to 2 PM EDT Tuesday for LSZ263-264. Gale Warning until 11 PM EDT this evening for LSZ266. Gale Warning from 8 AM to 5 PM EDT Tuesday for LSZ266. Lake Michigan... None. && $$ SHORT TERM...TAP LONG TERM...Jablonski AVIATION...DTX MARINE...Jablonski
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Omaha/Valley NE
Issued by National Weather Service Hastings NE 646 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 .KEY MESSAGES... - Severe weather remains possible along a dry line, ahead of a strong cold front, and primarily southeast of the Omaha metro area through 8 PM where an enhanced risk exists. If storms develop, they would be capable of very large hail, damaging winds, and isolated tornadoes. - Red Flag Warning is in effect from Lincoln and points to the west and southwest through 8 PM, behind the dry line, where precipitation is unlikely to occur. - There`s an additional risk for severe storms early this evening mainly through 8 PM across northeast NE along the cold front, with hail up to one inch and winds up to 60 mph possible. && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 251 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 Severe Weather Threat... At 3 PM the dry line was located from around Decatur...to Fremont...to Lincoln...to Beatrice and was sliding east. Dewpoints just ahead of this dry line were still in the 60s to even around 70 across portions of western Iowa. Dewpoints quickly fall behind the dry line and were already down to around 40 degrees in York and points west into central Nebraska. Dry Line (Southeastern CWA Severe Threat)... Towering CU at 3 PM indicate that thunderstorms could begin to fire along this dry line at any point over the next few hours. Forecast models differ widely on how extensive convection will be along the dry line and how quickly it will form. The 18Z NAM NEST is one of the most aggressive models with afternoon convection along the dry line and probably too aggressive, but even the NAM NEST holds off on the most significant convection until the dry line is located over the Richardson/Nemaha County area northeast into Shenandoah and Red Oak IA. The 19Z HRRR is less aggressive with dry line convection and holds off until after 6 PM mainly in that same area from Richardson County northeast towards Red Oak. Thunderstorms are far from certain and in fact our POPs for most of eastern Nebraska are generally around or less than 20 percent ahead of the dry line until you get down into the Nemaha/Richardson County area up to Red Oak where we see POPs climb to closer to 50 percent. Although it may be difficult to get storms to form, once they form and get established they could quickly become severe with high end severe weather possible, especially large hail (baseball size), damaging winds (60-75 mph), and even tornadoes. We are expecting MLCAPE values to around 3000 J/KG with 0-6KM deep layer shear values over 55 kts, which is all very favorable for high end severe weather. However, the hodographs are not perfectly curved and have a bit of a kink in them, which is less than ideal for tornadoes along with the somewhat veering surface winds (south southwest surface winds). That could limit the overall tornado threat, but not completely negate it as we are still expecting 0-1 km low level shear values around or better than 20 kts and effective low level helicity values of around 200 m2/s2. Again the greatest threat for higher end severe weather is across our southeastern most counties. Cold Front and Severe Threat Northeast Nebraska... The forcing is pretty strong along the cold front across northeastern Nebraska and most forecast models generate at least scattered thunderstorms across our far northeastern zones through 8 or 9 PM. The environment is still supportive for severe storms in this area, but not as impressive as ahead of the dry line. MLCAPE values along the cold front in our northeast are around 1000 J/KG. At this point it seems like we would be looking at the lower end severe potential with these northeastern CWA storms of quarters and 60 mph winds. Tuesday and Wednesday... It will be much cooler behind the cold front with highs mainly in the 60s, but with the winds getting lighter through the day. Warm air advection aloft Tuesday night will bring a return to shower and thunderstorm chances especially after midnight with those precipitation chances lingering into Wednesday. Best chances for appreciable rainfall of greater than 0.25 inches will be across southern and southeastern zones. Wednesday will remain cooler with the clouds and possible rain, once again highs in the 60s. Thursday through Sunday... Temperatures warm back up into the 70s with rain chances mainly lingering in our southeast on Thursday and then again ahead of the next storm system perhaps as early as Sunday. But we do expect several dry days in there with upper level ridging Friday and Saturday. && .AVIATION /00Z TAFS THROUGH 00Z WEDNESDAY/... Issued at 646 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 The primary concern is for the KOFK Terminal as scattered showers and thunderstorms are ongoing as of this issuance. Lower MVFR ceilings for a period of time before rising to VFR. AT KLNK and KOMA both terminals are expected to remain dry, but breezy southwesterly winds will become north to northwesterly and be breezy behind the cold front. This will occur in the next few hours. Breezy winds will persist overnight before dropping by daybreak. Skies will be clear and winds at all terminals will become light by afternoon hours as surface high pressure slides through. && .OAX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... NE...Red Flag Warning until 8 PM CDT this evening for NEZ050-065- 066-078-088. IA...None. && $$ DISCUSSION...Wesely AVIATION...Billings Wright
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Springfield MO
708 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 .KEY MESSAGES... - Slight Risk (2 out of 5) for strong to severe thunderstorms late tonight through Tuesday evening. Primary hazards are damaging wind gusts and large hail, though a tornado cannot be ruled out. - Flood Watch in effect from 7 AM Tuesday through 7 AM Thursday with a Slight (2 of 4) to Moderate (3 of 4) Risk for excessive rainfall. Multiple rounds of showers and thunderstorms will result in widespread expected amounts of 2 to 4 inches, with localized amounts up to 4 to 7 inches. - Shower and thunderstorm chances continue during the day Thursday. Therefore, any lingering flood impacts may continue for areas receiving more heavy rainfall. && .SHORT TERM /THROUGH TUESDAY/... Issued at 300 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 Mid-level water vapor imagery shows a deep and elongated positively-tilted trough extending from SW California up through northern ND. An upper-level jet on the east side of the axis stretches from NM to MN. Jet dynamics is then forcing a deep 996 mb low-pressure system over MN with a dryline stretched south across the Plains and a cold front stretched west into the northern Rockies. Winds have increased with the deepening low pressure system. 15-25 mph southerly winds with gusts up to 25-35 (and infrequent gusts up to 40 mph) have been observed. These will continue until sunset today. Additionally, an associated warm front has lifted through the area bringing high temperatures in the 80s and dewpoints in the lower to middle 60s. Muggy and unstable! Slight Risk for severe storms late tonight through Tuesday: Our 12Z balloon sounding noted over 1000 J/kg MUCAPE above a very stout capping inversion of -350 to -500 J/kg CIN. With a convective temperature of 91 F (we shouldn`t get anywhere near there today), and a forecast SBCIN of -95, capping should keep any storms from developing this afternoon and evening. Some elevated echoes have been noted on radar as synoptic ascent overlaps the moisture. Some of these light showers could make it into our area this afternoon/evening, but are not expected to be surface-based. That being said, if a storm were to somehow break through the cap, the environment will be supportive of supercells with all hazards. This would mainly be along and west of I-49 if it occurred, but this is a very low confidence scenario (5-10%). The better chance for strong to severe thunderstorms exists as the cold front moves in from the NW after 3 AM tonight. Our environment will be characterized by 1000-2000 J/kg MUCAPE within 35-45 kts of effective bulk shear which is supportive for severe thunderstorms. Therefore, some strong to severe thunderstorms will be possible along the front in our northwestern counties early Tuesday morning. Given much of the instability expected to be elevated hail up to quarters will be the main hazard with these. Then, given the stronger forcing along the cold front, with mainly boundary-parallel shear, wind gusts up to 60 mph will also be possible if a more linear mode develops. Tornado risk should be very low as long as instability remains elevated, though we cannot rule out one or two if a surface-based storm evolves along the front. The above scenario is if storms form along the front. An additional scenario is a complex of storms that moves in from OK during the same timeframe. In this scenario, potential hazards and timing are the same, but the location may be closer to I-44. The cold front is then expected to stall somewhere along the I-44 corridor during the day Tuesday as the upper-level jet`s progression slows and height falls cease. This will keep the moist and unstable airmass along and south of I-44, bringing a Slight (2 of 5) Risk for severe thunderstorms in this area. This threat will mainly be conditional for the position of the cold front, especially as instability quickly decreases behind the front according to RAP forecasts. The cooler HREF members have the front cleared through the southern border. The warmer HREF members have the front over I-44. No matter the scenario, effective shear of 35-50 kts overtop HREF mean MUCAPE upwards of 1000 J/kg will be enough for supercells. These can still develop behind the front and be elevated. Therefore, large hail up to golf balls will be the main hazards. However, if the front hangs out further north, surface-based storms could produce wind gusts up to 60 mph and a low-end tornado threat given around 100 m2/s2 of 0-1 km SRH and modest low-level shear south of the front (15-25 kts via RAP forecast hodographs). These storms would have the best chance of occurring during the afternoon and evening hours. That being said, the environment will be conducive for for any develop storm from 3 AM Tuesday all the way through Wednesday night. Flood Watch in effect beginning 7 AM Tuesday: In addition to severe weather, excessive rainfall and flooding will also be a concern as the front stalls over the area, mean layer flow becomes static parallel to the front, and 90th percentile PWATs of 1.25-1.5 inches remain in the area. HREF and experimental REFS/MPAS high resolution ensembles are in pretty good agreement with the first round of widespread rainfall occurring along the the I-44 corridor during the day Tuesday. With 90th percentile PWATs for this time of year, according to NAEFS, thunderstorms should be quite productive. HREF suggests widespread rain rates of 0.25-0.5 in/hr rates under heavier rain, with any thunderstorm capable of producing 0.75-1 in/hr rain rates. Being so saturated from recent rain events, even these could produce some flooding. By the end of the day Tuesday, we could see widespread amounts of 0.5-1.25 inches, with HREF and REFS LPMMs hinting at localized swaths up to 2-3 inches. && .LONG TERM /TUESDAY NIGHT THROUGH MONDAY/... Issued at 300 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 Slight to Moderate Risk for excessive rainfall Wednesday: The surface front will go through some spatial wiggles through Wednesday as another shortwave trough slowly approaches from the west. This brings a little uncertainty in the exact area of heaviest rainfall. In fact, it may shift a bit from north to south and back to north through the period, effectively smoothing out the heavier rain across much of the area. Nevertheless, the warm front is expected to slowly lift north through the area late Tuesday night and through Wednesday. During this period, HREF/REFS/MPAS CAM ensembles are all in agreement with a lull in showers and storms early Wednesday morning before another round enters from the SW as height falls begin again ahead of the next trough ejection. This will bring more heavy rainfall and the potential for some isolated strong to severe thunderstorms as the moist and unstable environment remains in place (our whole area is in a Marginal (1 of 5) Risk for severe thunderstorms). Hail up to quarters and wind gusts up to 60 mph look to be the main hazards. Flooding Wednesday into Thursday will become the main concern as continued heavy rain is expected. Again, with the small deviations in frontal position, when all is said and done, NBM 25th-75th percentile suggests all areas should expect at least a half inch of rain (10th percentile), with many areas seeing 1.5-4 inches of rain (25th-75th) percentile. As of right now, the heaviest axis of rain looks to be in the SW corner of MO along the I-44 corridor where a Moderate (3 of 4) Risk for excessive rainfall exists. HREF and experimental REFS LPMMs suggest that localized areas could see up to 4-7 inches if under multiple thunderstorms. Therefore, a Flood Watch has been issued for all of our area through Thursday morning. Shower and thunderstorm chances continue Thursday: The system will finally become progressive Thursday with a cold front moving through. This will bring additional chances of showers and thunderstorms (60-80% chance), though the synoptic setup and early signals from MPAS members suggest these will be more scattered in nature. Therefore, the widespread flooding risk should diminish through the day Thursday, though any lingering flooding could be exacerbated if those areas see some of these scattered storms since 1.00-1.25 in PWATs will still be in place according to the GEFS. Warming trend over the weekend with low rain chances: After 80s today, highs in the 70s and lows in the 50s will be persistent through the week. After the system clears the area, NBM deterministic brings a warming trend as global ensembles are showing large-scale ridging moving into the region. && .AVIATION /00Z TAFS THROUGH 00Z WEDNESDAY/... Issued at 700 PM CDT Mon Apr 28 2025 Clusters of showers and thunderstorms will move through at times during the TAF period. Confidence in timing and location of these clusters is limited, but tried to get the best probabilities represented in the TAFS. For the most part, expect VFR conditions to persist, with temporarily lowered conditions when rain moves through. && .SGF WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... KS...Flood Watch from Tuesday morning through Thursday morning for KSZ073-097-101. MO...Flood Watch from Tuesday morning through Thursday morning for MOZ055>058-066>071-077>083-088>098-101>106. && $$ SHORT TERM...Price LONG TERM...Price AVIATION...Titus