Forecast Discussions mentioning any of "HRRR" "RAP" "RUC13" "RUC" "RR" received at GSD on 01/22/25


Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Charleston SC
722 PM EST Tue Jan 21 2025 .SYNOPSIS... A winter storm will impact our area through tonight. Another weak storm system could clip the coast early Thursday. High pressure will prevail for the end of the week and into next week. && .NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 AM WEDNESDAY MORNING/... The long anticipated winter weather evening is in its early stages, with wintry precipitation encompasses the entire region. There is still a notable warm nose with the evening sounding at KCHS, around 4-5C. But as deeper moisture with increasing coverage of precipitation occurs, the warm nose will no longer be a concern for most places. Thus the mixed precipitation will change over to all or mostly snow, with some mixed of freezing rain and sleet close to the coast, except for some freezing rain in the mix over parts of coastal southeast Georgia. It is concerning that the HRRR and RAP show higher amounts than now in the forecast, but there analysis of the warm nose is not as warm. For that reason we`ll refrain from changing the snow and ice amounts with the early evening update and monitor trends. There will be some potential for banding late this evening and after midnight when the best frontogenesis is forecast to occur. If this happens, then amounts of snow could be greater. Lake Winds: Cold air will mix plenty of the 35-40 kt of geostrophic winds at 1000 mb atop Lake Moultrie to hoist a Lake Wind Advisory until 17Z Wednesday. It`s probably too long, but makes it easier, as this coincides with the ending of the Winter Storm Warning. An active period is underway, with returns from KCLX entering Jenkins County, GA and also developing along the coast of SC and GA. These returns should initially begin as sprinkles/light rain and likely transitioning to snow/sleet this afternoon. A Winter Storm Warning remains in effect for the entire forecast area from 5 PM this afternoon through Noon tomorrow (Wednesday). The synoptic pattern features a large scale 500 hPa trough positioned over the eastern CONUS with a 250 hPa jet located roughly from Tennessee northeastward into the Mid Atlantic states. At the surface a low pressure system, initially located near the southern portion of the Florida Peninsula, will shift northeastward a long a stalled boundary off of the southeastern coastline. In addition to the low pressure offshore, across inland locations high pressure will attempt to build into the region from the west. This high pressure has ushered in an Arctic airmass, with temperatures as of Noon today only reaching the low to mid 30s. The moisture from the approaching low pressure system combined with the Arctic airmass ushered in with the high pressure sets the stage for wintry precipitation this afternoon, evening, and into the overnight period. With the synoptic stage set, all attention turns to the mesoscale which will determine precipitation types and amounts. This forecast has been particularly tricky, owing to a lingering coastal trough in southeastern coastal GA. Initial guidance yesterday indicated that this trough would be located near the GA/SC border, in the vicinity of Savannah, GA. However, a hand analysis of surface data at 12Z this morning indicates that this coastal trough is further south than models were indicating. This has several implications on the local forecast. Initial guidance showed a significant warm nose at 850 hPa, leading to a sleet forecast across coastal SC and freezing rain chances across coastal GA. Forecast soundings this morning, particularly the NBM and the HREF show a profile much more conducive for snow, with little to no warm nose at 850 hPa. Additionally, 12Z guidance has increased QPF across the entire forecast area. Therefore snow totals have been increased with this forecast, with generally 3 to 5 inches. Another fly in the ointment is a possible band of 850 hPa frontogenesis that has been persistent between model runs, located roughly along the coastline. If this enhanced frontogenesis comes to fruition there is the potential for higher precipitation rates and slightly higher totals roughly from Statesboro, GA to Summerville and Moncks Corner, SC. While thermal profiles are more conducive for snow, sleet cannot be ruled out of the forecast and if it occurs it will decrease the overall snow totals. Additionally, freezing rain is still possible across coastal southeastern GA, with amounts generally around 0.1". Cold temperatures will remain across the forecast area through the overnight period, with lows in the low 20s to upper 20s along the coastal counties. A Cold Weather Advisory remains in effect for the entire forecast area for apparent temperatures between 10 and 15 degrees. && .SHORT TERM /6 AM WEDNESDAY MORNING THROUGH FRIDAY/... A quick glance at recent guidance for max temperatures on Wednesday, they are trending colder. Given a fresh snow cover this seems plausible, and could result in less melting. We`ll monitor trends, but no changes to the forecast though at this time. Wednesday and Wednesday night: Light snow or snow showers could still linger for a few hours in the morning, with the best chance along the immediate coast. The winter weather event will be over and any additional accumulation should be very little. Clouds will clear out and we should see quite a bit of sun. However, the presence of snow and/or ice accumulation from Tuesday night will help keep temperatures down. His will likely struggle to rise out of the mid 30s. The presence of 10-15 mph of northerly flow will keep wind chill values in the upper 20s for most of the area through the day. Temperatures will plummet during the evening before the next round of cloud cover spreads in, especially with lingering snow/ice on the ground. Lows in the upper teens are expected, likely reaching those values in the late evening or early morning hours. A Cold Weather Advisory will remain in effect. Thursday through Friday: Model guidance continues to highlight an offshore trough or weak wave with precipitation developing around it. Overall, the guidance trend has been to keep this precipitation mostly off the coast, with the potential for a few isolated showers mainly along the Charleston County coast. Certainly the day will get off to a very cold start, with temperatures at daybreak in the upper teens, only warming up to around 40 in the afternoon. So, if any precipitation were to make it onshore it is possible there could be a period of freezing rain. However, most guidance is dry and we continue to just have a small sliver of 20 percent chances. So, the conclusion is that we don`t anticipate any additional winter weather issues. Into Friday, the forecast is dry but still quite chilly. Thursday night lows are forecast to be in the low to mid 20s with Friday highs only in the mid 40s. && .LONG TERM /FRIDAY NIGHT THROUGH TUESDAY/... High pressure will settle across the area on Saturday and prevail through Sunday. Temperatures should slowly moderate, with upper 40s for Saturday followed by mid 50s for Sunday. A system could then impact the area on Monday, though it does not look like a widespread significant rain producer. Temperatures should continue to slowly warm, but only back up to around normal for early next week. && .AVIATION /00Z WEDNESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY/... 00Z TAFs for KCHS/KJZI/KSAV: Mixed wintry precipitation and VFR ceilings early on will give way to mostly SN/-SN the rest of the night. As this occurs, MVFR or even IFR conditions will occur at all terminals. Winds from the evening sounding reveal as much as 25-30 kt in the lowest 2K feet, some of which will mix down through the night. As a result we have N winds of at least 10-15 kt with gusts around 20 kt. Snow will taper off by daybreak and comes to end. With a dramatic decrease in deep moisture, there will be an eventual return to VFR by 17-18Z. It`ll continue a little gusty through the day, but dependent upon the amount of mixing that occur. Extended Aviation Outlook: Mostly VFR. There is a low potential for sub-VFR conditions Thursday morning with a few showers, mainly near KCHS and KJZI. && .MARINE... Given excellent mixing of the 50 kt geostrophic winds at 1000 mb, and as much as 40-45 kt in the mixed layer across the Charleston County waters, we opted to raise a Gale Warning for the waters situated out 20 nm off the Charleston County coast. It`s certainly possible that it could be extended to include other waters, but for now no other headline changes with the early evening update. Tonight: A low pressure system will be located off the southeastern coastline while high pressure attempts to build into the region from the west. The marine zones will become pinched between these two features, leading to enhanced winds and building seas. A Small Craft Advisory is in effect for all nearshore waters for northerly wind gusts up to 30 knots. A Gale Warning has been issued for the 20 to 60 nm offshore GA waters for northerly wind gusts up to 35 knots. Seas across the nearshore waters will generally be 3 to 5 with 6 to 8 ft across the 20 to 60 nm offshore GA waters. Wednesday through Sunday: Hazardous marine conditions will be in progress Wednesday morning with high end Small Craft Advisory conditions across all waters (outside Charleston Harbor). Winds and seas will remain elevated, but gradually diminish as we head into Thursday. Small Craft Advisories (after the ongoing Gale Warning ends) will linger for the outer GA waters due to seas through Thursday night, but should end for the nearshore waters Wednesday night. Conditions will then continue to improve through the weekend as high pressure settles in across the local waters. && .CLIMATE... Record Low Maximum Temperatures: Wednesday, January 22: KCHS: 31/1970 KCXM: 31/1970 KSAV: 34/1970 Thursday, January 23: KCHS: 34/1970 KCXM: 38/2016 KSAV: 40/2016 Record Low Temperatures: Thursday, January 23: KCHS: 19/1985 KCXM: 24/2003 KSAV: 19/1960 Record Snowfall: Tuesday, January 21: KCHS: T/1984* KSAV: 0.2/1910 Wednesday, January 22: KCHS: T/2022* KSAV: T/2011* * A trace is not considered a record in terms of the daily climate. Trace amounts shown above are more for information of when the last instance of snow occurred on the listed date. && .CHS WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... GA...Cold Weather Advisory until 10 AM EST Thursday for GAZ087-088- 099>101-114>119-137>141. Winter Storm Warning until noon EST Wednesday for GAZ087-088- 099>101-114>119-137>141. SC...Cold Weather Advisory until 10 AM EST Thursday for SCZ040- 042>045-047>052. Winter Storm Warning until noon EST Wednesday for SCZ040- 042>045-047>052. Lake Wind Advisory until noon EST Wednesday for SCZ045. MARINE...Gale Warning until noon EST Wednesday for AMZ350. Small Craft Advisory until 1 AM EST Thursday for AMZ352-354. Gale Warning until 5 AM EST Wednesday for AMZ374. && $$ NEAR TERM... SHORT TERM...BSH LONG TERM...BSH AVIATION... MARINE...
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Des Moines IA
544 PM CST Tue Jan 21 2025 ...Updated for the 00z Aviation Discussion... .KEY MESSAGES... - 40 to 70% chance of light snow and flurries after midnight tonight into Wednesday - Dry conditions with temperatures seesawing back and forth around typical late January levels Thursday through the weekend. && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 230 PM CST Tue Jan 21 2025 After a very cold morning with wind chills as low as 28 to 38 degrees below zero across central Iowa, this afternoon is feeling much better with temperatures in the single digits ABOVE zero. Not surprisingly, observations and RAP analysis shows that we have strong warm air advection ongoing in the low levels and that will continue into tonight with breezy winds at the surface and in the low levels. This should result in temperatures that are nearly steady and likely will rise overnight tonight. Beyond temperatures, our attention turns to the northwest as GOES-East Day Snow Fog RGB shows filaments of high clouds approaching the state this afternoon with more substantial cloud cover over the Dakotas. These clouds are associated with a shortwave trough and surface low that are dropping out of Canada and will bring the chance for light snow after midnight tonight into the day Wednesday. Cross sections show that some level of saturation is first achieved in the mid-levels, which propagates down into the low level. Forecast soundings confirm this idea and also show that moisture is somewhat limited, but with weak lift/omega and no doubt about ice introduction, flurries or light snow should fall for up to around 12 hours at some locations. Timing should be after midnight over northern Iowa with snowfall slow to creep southward reaching the I-80 corridor likely after sunrise Wednesday. Trends over the last 24 hours have been upward slightly in QPF and resultant snowfall over a portion of northern Iowa, though ensemble means for more than an inch of snowfall remain around or less than 30%. Latest 12z deterministic guidance shows 0.10 to near 0.15 inches of liquid along and just north of Highway 20. With snow ratios mainly of 13-16:1, an inch to an inch and a half of snowfall is expected from around Highway 20 to around Highway 3 with lesser amounts on either side of the `heavier` snowfall area. Latest HREF probability matched mean largely agrees with this area, though has a slightly larger footprint in the 1 inch area. Much of the snowfall will taper off Wednesday evening as this shortwave trough moves off to the southeast Wednesday night. Cold air advection will follow it with high temperatures falling back into the teens and low temperatures staying in the single digits above zero. Our upper level pattern of northwest flow will evolve with passing weak ridging and then flattening out to more zonal flow into this weekend. This will keep the back and forth above and below normal temperatures going through another cycle Friday/Saturday and Sunday with milder temperatures into early next week. No significant winter precipitation systems are on the horizon with conditions dry in the extended forecast. && .AVIATION /00Z TAFS THROUGH 00Z THURSDAY/... Issued at 544 PM CST Tue Jan 21 2025 VFR conditions will prevail early tonight, but low clouds and light snow will move in during the early morning hours Wednesday and linger through much of the remainder of the TAF period. This will introduce periods of MVFR ceilings/visibilities, with isolated/brief IFR possible at times. Have handled mainly with PROB30 groups for now, but included prevailing -SN and MVFR at FOD and ALO where probabilities are highest on Wednesday. Expect refinement of details for the 06Z TAF issuance, and amendments will be likely overnight and Wednesday. && .DMX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...None. && $$ DISCUSSION...Ansorge AVIATION...Lee
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Jacksonville FL
923 PM EST Tue Jan 21 2025 ...New UPDATE... .UPDATE... Issued at 912 PM EST Tue Jan 21 2025 For the latest NE FL and SE GA Daily Key Messages please visit: https://www.weather.gov/media/jax/briefings/nws-jax-briefing.pdf Updates so far this evening have been almost continuous with respect to primarily temps, POPs, weather/Ptype, and snow/ice accumulations as we continue to monitor trends and observations/reports closely around the region. Temps have overall been coming down a bit faster than expected, especially near the I-10 corridor and out towards coastal Duval where onset of rain mixing with ice pellets/freezing rain has been bumped up (a few sites in Duval County briefly reported snow earlier, though suspect this may have been just a brief snow/sleet mix along with consistent rain). Some rather impressive reflectivity and snowfall reports/obs across far interior southeast GA also prompted a bump up in expected snowfall amounts mostly north and west of US 84, where a general 2-4" is expected except for locally higher amounts possible where any bands develop/train over certain areas. Ice accumulations are generally unchanged, with highest totals in the 0.1-0.25" range expected across the western half of Duval County and I-10 corridor, with a sharp cut off further south and east. Still expecting at least a light glaze of freezing rain as far south of northern Marion County, northwest Putnam County, and western St. Johns County towards morning as precip gets close to tapering off. Some sleet/snow could also mix in for these areas at times as well, though accumulation are expected to be very limited (under 0.5") with primarily cold plain rain expected. Stay tuned for updates later tonight and through the morning hours as this rare and dynamic situation continues to unfold. && .NEAR TERM... Issued at 216 PM EST Tue Jan 21 2025 For the latest NE FL and SE GA Daily Key Messages please visit: https://www.weather.gov/media/jax/briefings/nws-jax-briefing.pdf Low pressure will continue to develop as it moves east across the Gulf. The surface low will be supported by a mid/upper level shortwave energy diving south from the upper plains phasing with a southern stream shortwave emerging from the 4 corners region into a strong deep trough stretching from the western Great Lakes SSW into the lower MS valley. This trough will also create a potent jet streak from the TN valley into the Mid Atlantic coast that will place the right entrance region over our area, allowing precipitation to fill in over our area by this afternoon as the surface low moves east. With cold temperatures aloft below freezing over interior SE GA and surface temperatures initially above freezing, precipitation will begin as a mix of rain and snow NW of US-84 until evaporative cooling in the column (due to dry cold dew points in the low 20s) lowers temperatures below freezing towards closer to sunset. South of US-84 to I-10, precipitation will begin as rain, but change as temperatures fall to below freezing early this evening after sunset with a mix of rain, sleet, freezing rain falling with a mix of snow and sleet north of the FL/GA state line. Rain will also begin to change to Freezing rain mixed with sleet along the SE GA coast and then become mixed with snow after midnight. Highs will reach the mid/upper 40s in SE GA and the low/mid 50s over NE FL. Colder temperatures will arrive late tonight as strong arctic high pressure shifts into the upper OH valley and pushes subfreezing temperatures south of I-10 into north central FL and eastward to the NE FL coast down to St Augustine. This will support rain changing over to freezing rain to locations south of I-10 such as Gainesville and eastward to the JAX Beaches. As temperatures fall through sunrise, freezing Rain is expected as far south as Ocala and as far east as St Augustine before temperatures can rise above freezing Wednesday mid to late morning. Guidance from the HRRR and other model guidance help support additional confidence in light icing impacts into St Johns, eastern Putnam, and Marion county and therefore a Winter Weather Advisory has been issued for these areas. The Winter Storm Warning has expanded to include all of downtown Jacksonville east to the JAX beaches and into coastal Nassau county due to several hours of mixed precipitation and ice accumulations of a tenth of an inch along with a half inch of sleet/snow mix that will produce moderate impacts to travel and utilities. The greatest potential for ice accumulations of a quarter of an inch or higher will be west of Jacksonville along I-10 into the Suwannee river valley where major impacts due to icing are possible. About 1-3 inches of snow or snow/sleet will remain NW of a line from Homerville to Waycross to Everett. Lows will fall to the mid 20s over SE GA and the upper 20s over NE FL along I-10 west of Jacksonville with lows 30-32 along the NE FL coast as far south St Augustine and SW to Palatka and Ocala. Brisk northerly winds 10-20 mph with gusts to 35 mph along the coast will deliver very cold wind chills Wednesday in the early morning hours with wind chill values in the upper teens over SE GA and the low/mid 20s over all of NE FL and a cold Weather Advisory has been issued for these very cold conditions through 10AM Wednesday. && .SHORT TERM... (Wednesday through Thursday night) Issued at 216 PM EST Tue Jan 21 2025 Wednesday... Dangerous travel conditions will linger through the day on Wednesday, with any ice accumulation having a hard time thawing. Most areas in inland SE GA will not hit 40 degrees despite mostly sunny skies, with most of northeast Florida only reaching the lower to upper 40s. Low temperatures will drop into the 20s for all of SE GA, and most of inland NE FL, with only areas along and east of the St. Johns river basin, and Marion county, staying above freezing. Wind chills will likely fall into the upper teens to 20s for most of the area, and Cold Weather Advisories may be necessary for some locations. There is a slight (20-30%) chance of precipitation Wednesday night for the NE FL coast, for now that area coincides with above-freezing temperatures. Thursday... Another cold day forecast, with high temperatures only in the 40s other than a few locations in Flagler and Marion reaching the low 50s. Showers remain possible through the day for NE FL and the SE GA coast, with things tapering off around sunset before yet another freezing night. Lows will be in the 20s for SE GA and most of NE FL, with high potential for a hard freeze and Cold Weather Advisories.&& .LONG TERM... (Friday through next Tuesday) Issued at 216 PM EST Tue Jan 21 2025 It will stay chilly on Friday and Saturday, with highs in the 40s to 50s across the area, with luckily no precipitation chances. Friday night will be brutally cold, with low temperatures dropping down into the low 20s across inland SE GA, mid to upper 20s across the SE GA coast and inland NE FL, and low 30s near the St. Johns river basin and NE FL coast. These lows promote hard freeze conditions for most inland areas, but with calm winds, wind chills will hover just above Cold Weather Advisory criteria for SE GA at this time, however inland NE FL is forecast to fall below the threshold of 25 degree wind chills. Temperatures will be a tad warmer Saturday night, but it is still likely to fall below freezing for inland southeast Georgia and the Suwannee valley. Highs Sunday and Monday will finally reach the 60s, with low temperatures staying above freezing area-wide. && .AVIATION... (00Z TAFS) Issued at 609 PM EST Tue Jan 21 2025 Restrictions in stratus are expected throughout this TAF period. Precipitation will result in visibility restrictions through the night into Wednesday morning. The lowest restrictions are expected in any snow showers. A wintry mix of precipitation types is expected throughout the night for all sites, but KSGJ. The wintry mix is only expected to affect KSGJ for a few hours around sunrise Wednesday. The precipitation is expected to move southeast of area TAF sites a few hours after sunrise on Wednesday. Winds will be elevated and gusty especially at the coast. && .MARINE... Issued at 216 PM EST Tue Jan 21 2025 An inverted trough developing over the coastal waters bring increasing chances for precipitation for area waters throughout the day, reaching 60-70% chances by this evening. High pressure will be situated to the northwest today, as low pressure moves southeast across the Gulf, increasing northerly winds out over the the local waters. A broad ridge of high pressure will extend down the southeastern US coast Wednesday afternoon through Wednesday night. A trough of low pressure will be just east of the region Thursday into Friday with high pressure to the west. High pressure will build over the southeastern US Saturday. Rip Currents: High rip current risk at all area beaches today through Wednesday night. && .CLIMATE... Issued at 505 AM EST Tue Jan 21 2025 Below are the record lowest maximum temperatures and minimum temperatures. Climate sites are Jacksonville, FL (JAX), Craig Airfield, FL (CRG), Alma, GA (AMG), and Gainesville, FL (GNV). DATE | SITE | Record Low Max | Record Low ------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------ 1/21 | JAX | 30 (1985) | 7 (1985) CRG | 30 (1985) | 9 (1985) AMG | 42 (2016) | 20 (2011) GNV | 29 (1985) | 10 (1985) ------------------------------------------ 1/22 | JAX | 41 (2022) | 16 (1985) CRG | 47 (1985) | 18 (1985) AMG | 40 (2022) | 16 (1985) GNV | 46 (2022) | 17 (1985) ------------------------------------------ 1/23 | JAX | 45 (1960) | 25 (2011) CRG | 48 (2003) | 28 (2011) AMG | 42 (2016) | 20 (2011) GNV | 48 (1987) | 23 (1960) && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... AMG 23 33 21 39 / 100 0 10 0 SSI 26 38 30 43 / 100 40 10 10 JAX 25 40 30 47 / 90 40 10 20 SGJ 30 46 38 50 / 90 80 20 30 GNV 25 42 32 47 / 90 40 10 20 OCF 29 48 34 51 / 90 50 10 20 && .JAX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... FL...Winter Storm Warning until 1 PM EST Wednesday for FLZ021-023-024- 030-031-035-120-124-125-132-136-220-225-232-236-237-322-325- 422-425-522. Cold Weather Advisory until 10 AM EST Wednesday for FLZ021-023- 024-030-031-033-035-038-120-124-125-132-133-136>138-140-220- 225-232-236-237-240-322-325-340-422-425-522. Freeze Warning until 10 AM EST Wednesday for FLZ021-023-024-030- 031-033-035-120-124-125-132-133-136-137-140-220-225-232-236- 237-240-322-325-340-422-425-522. Freeze Watch from Wednesday evening through Thursday morning for FLZ021-023-024-030-031-035-120-124-136-220-225-232-236-322- 422-425-522. Winter Weather Advisory from 1 AM to 10 AM EST Wednesday for FLZ033-133-137-140-240-340. High Rip Current Risk through late Wednesday night for FLZ124- 125-133-138. Wind Advisory until 10 AM EST Wednesday for FLZ125-133-138. High Surf Advisory until 7 PM EST Wednesday for FLZ133-138. GA...Winter Storm Warning until 1 PM EST Wednesday for GAZ132>136-149- 151>154-162-163-165-166-250-264-350-364. Cold Weather Advisory until 10 AM EST Wednesday for GAZ132>136- 149-151>154-162-163-165-166-250-264-350-364. Freeze Warning until 10 AM EST Wednesday for GAZ132>136-149- 151>154-162-163-165-166-250-264-350-364. Freeze Watch from Wednesday evening through Thursday morning for GAZ132>136-149-151>154-162-163-165-166-250-264-350-364. High Rip Current Risk through late Wednesday night for GAZ154- 166. AM...Small Craft Advisory until 4 PM EST Thursday for AMZ450. Gale Warning until 10 AM EST Wednesday for AMZ452-454-470-472- 474. && $$
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Chicago/Romeoville, IL
904 PM CST Tue Jan 21 2025 .KEY MESSAGES... - Wind chills of -15F to -20F will persist through this evening. The Cold Weather Advisory remains in effect until midnight. - Accumulating snow (locally up to 1") is expected Wednesday through early Thursday morning leading to slippery travel. - Lake effect snow may linger across northeast Porter County during the day on Thursday. && .UPDATE... Issued at 904 PM CST Tue Jan 21 2025 This evening, a meridionally-oriented warm front extends down the spine of the Plains with a broad region of efficient low level warm advection out ahead of it overspreading western portions of the Midwest. This warm advection is driven by a southwesterly low level jet ahead of the front that will be intensifying through the night before moving over our CWA. This system will bring light to moderate snow to parts of the area tomorrow, beginning in the morning with this warm advection regime. It`s a consistent and agreed-upon signal that the snow probs during the morning and afternoon tomorrow will be focused toward the nose of the 925mb jet, which translates to areas mainly north of the I-88 corridor and up into southern WI as low level moisture may remain scarce farther south. This is the pattern we`re seeing upstream as the only snow currently being reported along this jet is found way up in MN. The RAP and NAM have been wanting to bring some snow near and north of I-80 and across much of the Chicago metro during the day tomorrow, but they are notably more saturated than other camps. If snow does fall on areas south of I-88 during the daytime, the best chances appear to be the during the morning before some additional dry air looks to wedge into the area for the afternoon. Snow coverage should begin to expand southward late in the day with the approach of the upper wave, although most guidance keeps snow out of the Chicago metro until after dark. Snow chances will be pushed off to the east by the cold front early Thursday morning. There remains a bit of discrepancy regarding coverage and intensity owing to differences in moisture and forcing. But the going forecast for a few tenths to around a half an inch across much of our CWA still looks good with locally higher amounts to around an inch north of I-88. Additionally, we`re still expecting a good push of wind tonight through early tomorrow afternoon with that low level jet moving over. Gusts in the 30 to 35 mph range are expected into early afternoon with some up to near 40 mph possible. A few sites out in Eastern IA are already gusting to 25 to 30 mph on the leading edge of the jet. Winds will gradually subside during the afternoon and evening. Only minor tweaks were made to the going forecast and updated products have been sent. Doom && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 304 PM CST Tue Jan 21 2025 Through Wednesday Night: An arctic high continues to slide across the Midwest and Great Lakes this afternoon which has resulted in bitterly cold temperatures despite the nearly unabated sunshine. Highs today have leveled off around 0 degrees and look to remain nearly stationary through sunset. With winds expected to remain breezy through this evening, wind chills in the -15F to -20F range are expected to prevail through midnight. Therefore, the Cold Weather Advisory was extended until midnight to highlight this threat. After midnight, temperatures are expected to gradually warm as strong south-southwest winds develop and advect in "warmer" air. However, temperatures are still expected to be in the single digits through the night with wind chills hovering in the -10F to -15F range. Since these wind chill magnitudes are above the -20F threshold used for advisories, the expectation is for no additional cold weather headlines to be issued once the aforementioned one expires. Though wind gusts will be increasing into the 20-25 mph range overnight which will keep a notable chill in the air to start our Wednesday. The broad shortwave trough currently in Alberta will be pivoting into the northern Plains and eventually the Great Lakes through the day on Wednesday. As this occurs, the surface low ahead of the system will be pivoting into the northern Great Lakes which will force a cold front to advance across the Upper Midwest Wednesday morning. Snow is expected to develop beneath this wave and along the cold front and begin to move into far northern IL towards the mid-morning and early afternoon hours. However, the front is forecast to get hung up near the IL-WI line which should keep the bulk of the snow along the state line and points north through much of the day. Though, the front is expected to pivot southward through the rest of the area late Wednesday afternoon and evening as the shortwave dives into the Ohio River Valley. Since the front should be fairly progressive as it moves across northern IL and northwest IN, the duration of snow at any one location should be only 3-4 hours at most and thus keep accumulations around half an inch. However, locally higher totals up to an inch are possible especially near the IL- WI line where longevity is forecast to be maximized. Regardless, the cold surface temperatures will allow for some snow covered roads and slippery travel so be sure to use caution if traveling tomorrow. Snow is expected to gradually taper after midnight Wednesday night, though some lingering light snow and flurries may persist into Thursday morning for areas east of I-57. Otherwise, expect temperatures to warm into the 20s Wednesday afternoon before cooling into the teens Wednesday night. Winds will also be gusty on Wednesday as the system moves through with gusts in the 25-30 mph range likely and locally higher gusts possible. Though winds will subside Wednesday evening as the system begins to exit to our east. Yack Thursday through Tuesday: Snow will be winding down toward daybreak on Thursday though a few flurries may linger near/southeast of I-55 through mid morning. Conditions become favorable for lake effect snow oriented into northeast Porter County during the day on Thursday (northwesterly fetch, increasing inversion heights, steep lapse rates and saturation through the DGZ) which could result in additional accumulations (locally up to 0.5-1") and continued slick travel. Cloud depths begin to thin toward Thursday evening with the main area of snow shifting further east. Winds will be breezy out of the northwest in the wake of a cold frontal passage Thursday morning which combined with temperatures only warming into the upper teens to lower 20s will result in wind chills in the single digits persisting during the day. Low temperatures Thursday night drop into the single digits once again areawide with wind chills in the 0 to -10 degree range. More of the same is expected on Friday with highs in the lower 20s. A return to southwesterly flow Friday night should allow temperatures to slowly rise through the night with temperatures on Saturday currently forecast to briefly warm above freezing (33-36F) in the afternoon. While there remains variability in the handling of the upper level pattern into early next week, the general expectation is for an elongated positively tilted upper level trough (potentially cut-off low) to develop across the western CONUS with quasi-zonal flow extending east. This pattern largely favors keeping more moisture laden weather disturbances largely south of the area and is supported by the latest ensemble guidance keeping probs for >0.1" of precipitation generally under 20% through early next week. Petr && .AVIATION /00Z TAFS THROUGH 06Z WEDNESDAY/... Issued at 539 PM CST Tue Jan 21 2025 Aviation Forecast Concerns for 00Z TAFs: - Brief lull in winds this evening, then becoming breezy again from the southwest late tonight and Wednesday with gusts ~25 kts. - Period of light snow possible Wednesday morning across far northern IL/southern WI, Lower probability for Chicago terminals, greater for KRFD. MVFR/brief IFR possible. - Another more likely potential for a period of light snow Wednesday evening. IFR/low-MVFR possible. Weak surface high pressure ridge was passing south of the terminals early this evening, with decreasing winds backing to the southwest. These southwest winds are expected to increase again after midnight tonight, with gusts around 25 kt developing and persisting into the day Wednesday. Winds will then ease gradually Wednesday evening. Clear skies across the region this evening will eventually give way to increasing mid-level VFR cloud cover overnight, in response to a strengthening low level jet and associated warm advection (especially aloft) ahead of an approaching upper level trough. Saturation in response to this forcing will result in VFR cloud bases continuing to lower Wednesday, with some potential for an area of light snow to develop from IA into WI and potentially far northern/northwest IL during the morning. Confidence is somewhat low in the south/southeastward extent of the snow potential, as various model guidance shows considerable spread in the degree of saturation in lower levels. KRFD has the highest probability of seeing snow during the morning, with decreasing likelihood farther southeast into the Chicago area. A lull is then expected by midday especially for the Chicago terminals. A better potential for light snow looks to come later in the day/evening across the area, as the main upper level trough moves through. Have indicated a period of prevailing light snow after 22Z at KRFD and after 00Z in the KORD/KMDW 30-hour TAFs, along with a prob mention of IFR conditions in the 02Z-06Z period. Given relatively cold temperatures, some accumulation is likely (generally less than an inch) with both the potential morning and evening periods of light snow. Ratzer && .LOT WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... IL...Cold Weather Advisory until midnight CST tonight for ILZ003- ILZ004-ILZ005-ILZ006-ILZ008-ILZ010-ILZ011-ILZ012-ILZ013- ILZ019-ILZ020-ILZ021-ILZ023-ILZ032-ILZ033-ILZ039-ILZ103- ILZ104-ILZ105-ILZ106-ILZ107-ILZ108. IN...Cold Weather Advisory until midnight CST /1 AM EST/ tonight for INZ001-INZ002-INZ010-INZ011-INZ019. LM...Small Craft Advisory until 6 PM CST Wednesday for the IL and IN nearshore waters. && $$ Visit us at weather.gov/chicago
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Melbourne FL
918 PM EST Tue Jan 21 2025 ...New UPDATE... .KEY MESSAGES... Issued at 915 PM EST Tue Jan 21 2025 - Cold rain continues tonight, with shower activity decreasing Wednesday afternoon. - Windy, especially along the coast, with a period of Gale conditions spreading rapidly southward into Wednesday morning. High, pounding surf and beach erosion near the time of high tide overnight, especially Cape Canaveral northward. - Even colder low temperatures forecast late this week but increased sunshine this weekend. && .UPDATE... Issued at 915 PM EST Tue Jan 21 2025 An impressive pressure gradient (noted by RAP analysis) has settled across much of east central Florida tonight, while scattered shower activity persists. Winds of 15 to 25 mph are gusting as high as 30 to 40 mph at times, especially closer to the coast. This surge of northerly winds will continue southward overnight with higher gusts reaching the Brevard and Treasure Coasts. A Wind Advisory remains in effect through 9 AM for all of the east central Florida coast. With windy conditions spilling south a few hours earlier than previously modeled, wind chill values have tumbled into the 30s from the Orlando metro area northward. As of 9 PM, Deland was reporting a wind chill of 30 degrees, with Leesburg at 31 degrees, and Orlando at 37 degrees. Temperatures in those locations are still in the upper 30s to mid 40s, so a 7-10 degree spread in the observed temps and apparent temps is occurring. In general, the timing of the Cold Weather Advisory (starting at 1 AM) is in good shape. However, trends will be monitored over the next couple of hours to determine if colder wind chills are realized a bit faster. This forecast update brings overnight low temperatures more in line with recent guidance and observed trends. Temperatures may approach the 32 degree mark across extreme northern Lake and Volusia counties by sunrise, with most other locations across those counties reaching the mid to upper 30s. Farther south, from Orlando and interior Osceola/Okeechobee counties to the Space Coast, temperatures will range from the mid/upper 30s to mid 40s. Expect temps in the upper 40s to mid 50s closer to the coast, especially from Sebastian southward along the Treasure Coast. && .PREVIOUS DISCUSSION... Issued at 400 PM EST Tue Jan 21 2025 Tonight...A brief lull in showers this afternoon will be short lived, with short range guidance hinting at increasing coverage once again overnight. The frontal boundary is draped across south Florida this afternoon, with a plume of moisture north of the boundary keeping central Florida under cloudy skies and showers into the overnight period. Lightning activity is still not forecast with these showers. A surge of northerly winds moving from the north towards the south across east central Florida will lead to winds increasing to 10 to 20 mph, with gusts to 30 to 40 mph possible. A Wind Advisory goes into effect at 5 PM along the Volusia and Brevard coasts, and expands to southern Brevard and the Treasure Coast at midnight. These increasing winds will cause an increase in seas as well, with high, pounding surf expected to develop particularly north of the Cape. A High Surf Advisory was issued from 7 PM tonight to 7 AM Wednesday for breaking waves of 8 to 10 feet for the Volusia and northern Brevard coasts. It is also worth noting that high tide occurs at 1:30 AM, which will further enhance the potential for some beach and even dune erosion. Southward, breaking waves of 4 to 6 feet overnight will be possible, though it will be short lived and confidence in erosion is not as high. In addition to the rain and wind concerns, cold temperatures are forecast overnight, with lows generally in the mid to upper 30s near and north of the I-4 corridor, and in the 40s southward. Some spots along the Treasure Coast are forecast to fall into the low 50s. Wind chill values north of the I-4 corridor are forecast to fall into the mid 20s to low 30s, and as a result, a Cold Weather Advisory has been issued from 1 AM to 9 AM for Lake, Volusia, Seminole, and Orange counties. Wednesday-Thursday...The unsettled weather pattern is forecast to persist over the next couple of days as the frontal boundary remains draped across south Florida. A plume of moisture north of the boundary and draped across central Florida will cause persistent shower activity Wednesday and Thursday, with rain chances remaining between 40 to 70 percent. Cloud coverage also remains high as a result of the moisture, so it may be a few days until the Sunshine State actually sees some sunshine. Lightning activity is not expected with these showers. Model guidance is hinting at some diminishing rain chances Wednesday night, but kept a 20 to 30 percent chance in across the area for now. Another weak wave of low pressure is forecast to ride along the boundary Thursday, eventually dragging the front away from the area Thursday night into early Friday. Rain chances diminish Thursday night across the peninsula as an area of high pressure begins to slowly build in across the peninsula, with some lingering activity possible across the local Atlantic waters. Cooler temperatures are forecast to persist across the area over the next couple of days, with afternoon highs generally in the 50s and some low 60s possible along the Treasure Coast. Wednesday night, lows in the 40s across much of the interior and in the 50s along the coast south of the Cape and across the Treasure Coast. Cooler on Thursday night, with lows in the 30s across much of the interior and in the low to mid 40s along the coast south of the Cape and near Lake Okeechobee. Wind chills in the upper 20s to mid 30s Thursday night. Friday-Tuesday (previous modified)...Significant drying is forecast to overspread the area Friday through Saturday with the coldest temps forecast for this week. Widespread 30s is forecast by Saturday morning with low to mid 40s limited to the immediate Treasure Coast. Despite increasing sunshine, maximum temperatures may still hold in the upper 50s across Lake and Volusia counties with low to mid 60s elsewhere. But a warming trend appears in the cards as high pressure tracks east into the Atlantic off the Carolina coast Sunday, veering the local winds onshore and finally losing the north wind component. Dry conditions are forecast to prevail through the remainder of the weekend and into early next week. Lows Sunday morning in the 40s and 50s, rising to the low to mid 70s, and a couple/few degrees warmer on Monday and Tuesday. && .MARINE... Issued at 915 PM EST Tue Jan 21 2025 Hazardous to dangerous boating conditions are forecast across the local Atlantic waters over the next few days. Gale conditions are developing tonight as a surge of northerly winds moves southward across the waters, causing seas to quickly build to 9 to 14 feet. Winds diminish into Wednesday, but seas will remain hazardous over the next few days. An increase Thursday afternoon in northerly winds to around 20 knots and persistent seas across the Gulf Stream will keep conditions hazardous on Thursday. As a result of these conditions, a Gale Warning is in effect through 5 AM Wednesday across the Volusia and Brevard waters, and will transition to a Small Craft Advisory after 5 AM tomorrow morning, continuing through at least Thursday evening. A Small Craft Advisory goes into effect (slightly sooner) at 10 PM tonight for the Treasure Coast waters, and continues through at least Thursday evening. Extensions to the Small Craft Advisory may be needed for all legs of the local Atlantic waters. In addition to the hazardous to dangerous boating conditions, numerous to widespread shower activity is forecast to persist across the local Atlantic waters tonight through Thursday. Conditions begin to dry out on Friday, with boating conditions still remaining poor through Friday. By Saturday, winds and seas are forecast to diminish, and a return to favorable boating conditions is likely Sunday into early next week. && .AVIATION... (00Z TAFs) Issued at 656 PM EST Tue Jan 21 2025 IFR conditions prevailing tonight, lifting to MVFR by mid morning across the interior and by early afternoon along the coast. Increasing coverage of showers this evening into tonight, with SHRA and -SHRA prevailing across all TAF sites through tonight, ending across the interior sites around 14Z and along the coast by around 16Z. Occasional reductions to LIFR will be possible with these showers, but confidence in timing continues to be low. Northerly winds persist through the TAF period, with winds increasing this evening to 15-20 KT with gusts 25-30 KT. Winds will remain elevated through the TAF period, with speeds decreasing to 10-15 KT with gusts 20-25 KT by early evening on Wednesday. The strongest winds look to be along the coast from the Space Coast northward (DAB/TIX/MLB). && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... DAB 39 52 45 55 / 90 70 30 40 MCO 40 53 46 54 / 80 60 20 40 MLB 45 60 50 61 / 80 80 30 50 VRB 49 63 54 65 / 70 80 30 50 LEE 36 50 40 52 / 90 60 20 30 SFB 39 52 45 55 / 90 70 20 40 ORL 39 52 45 54 / 80 70 20 40 FPR 49 62 54 65 / 70 70 30 50 && .MLB WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... FL...High Surf Advisory until 7 AM EST Wednesday for FLZ141-347-447. Wind Advisory until 9 AM EST Wednesday for FLZ141-347-447-647- 747. Wind Advisory from midnight tonight to 9 AM EST Wednesday for FLZ154-159-164. AM...Gale Warning until 5 AM EST Wednesday for AMZ550-552-570-572. Small Craft Advisory from 5 AM Wednesday to 7 PM EST Thursday for AMZ550-552-570-572. Small Craft Advisory until 7 PM EST Thursday for AMZ555-575. && $$ UPDATE...Schaper AVIATION...Watson
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Marquette MI
641 PM EST Tue Jan 21 2025 .KEY MESSAGES... - Arctic air begins to modify tonight. Minimum temperatures of -5 to 15F will occur this evening, then temperatures will slowly rise. Cold weather advy for low wind chills remains in effect across the entire forecast area until 06z tonight. - Moderating airmass will see temperatures trending more or less towards normal values from midweek onwards. - Passing clipper systems will bring in rounds of light lake effect/enhanced snow through the extended period, but widespread significant snowfall is not expected. && .SHORT TERM /THROUGH TONIGHT/... Issued at 337 PM EST Tue Jan 21 2025 Water vapor imagery and RAP analysis show mid-level ridging just off of the W Coast extending into AK/nw Canada and a deep trof over eastern N America. This pattern has forced arctic air into the central and eastern U.S. The troffing is beginning to relax now as waa is spreading across the Plains in response to a shortwave dropping thru Alberta/Saskatchewan. Another shortwave is dropping s toward northern Manitoba. Closer to home, low-level winds have already backed to the sw, shifting all Lake Superior LES offshore of Upper MI. Despite sunny skies, temps only range mostly thru the negative single digits F across much of the fcst area at 20z. Some locations across the e have pushed just above 0F. WAA/isentropic ascent will strengthen into the Upper Great Lakes tonight in response to the aforementioned waves. Per 275/280/285k sfcs, 30-40kt winds become oriented nearly perpendicular to the isobars, but pres steadily rises on those sfcs, indicating that not all of the advection is going into lift. Combined with a lack of moisture, not expecting much snow to develop in this waa/isentropic ascent regime. Fcst reflects mostly a 30-60pct chc of -sn beginning w near midnight and spreading eastward overnight. Winds should back just enough to bring some lake enhancement off of Lake MI into far se Schoolcraft County and se Luce County by 12z. Snow accumulations will be less than 1 inch with paltry moisture avbl (mixing ratios around 1g/kg in roughly the 700-750mb layer). Min temps ranging btwn -5 and -15F will occur this evening before clouds increase/thicken and low-level winds increase further, resulting in temps slowly rising. The cold conditions along with wind support cold weather advy thru the evening hours. The 06z end time for the advy appears ok for now as slowly rising temps result in apparent temps crossing advy criteria threshold over much of the area at around that time. && .LONG TERM /WEDNESDAY THROUGH MONDAY/... Issued at 257 PM EST Tue Jan 21 2025 A more active pattern looks to set up for the midweek and beyond as the first in a series of shortwaves transits through the Midwest region on Wednesday. While details in timing and intensity of the following shortwaves is still high, there is a general agreement on a brief period of local ridging for Friday before another shortwave passes Friday into the weekend. From there, more shortwaves (with plenty of spread among models, and varying degrees of strength/timing) are expected through the rest of the period. These are embedded in broad troughing over the Great Lakes as a split flow pattern sets up with a cutoff low over the Desert Southwest. Wednesday morning, a weakening clipper low will be moving along the border of northern MN, set to track along/north of Lake Superior through the afternoon. High pressure extending fro the Mid Atlantic southwest to Texas will cut us off from the Gulf of Mexico (and its much-needed moisture), and given prior similar setups in moisture- starved clippers this season, only a couple to a few tenths of snowfall are expected with this system as it passes Wednesday. One feature to watch with the Wednesday system is any potential southerly to southwesterly lake effect/enhanced snowfall as despite the relatively warm advection, 850mb temperatures are still expected to be in the negative teens above an open Lake Michigan. CAMs continue to show stronger banding extending into Mackinac and Chippewa counties, just east of our CWA. However, if future forecast cycles shift this more westerly, at least Luce county could be clipped by some advisory amounts. Otherwise, mainly light northwesterly lake effect snowfall is expected in the wake of the trough`s passage with LREF 6-hourly precip rates for Wednesday evening through Thursday are only around 0.01-0.05", and some locally higher amounts up to 0.10" Wednesday night where any localized terrain enhancement can occur in the western UP. Will also note that some of the latest CAM guidance is hinting at some locally higher amounts in the eastern UP Wednesday evening/night with some localized convergence or meso-low development moving onshore from eastern Lake Superior. With snow ratios only peaking at around 20:1, around an an inch of snow per six hours is expected for the most part across the NW wind snow belts Wed-Thurs, with locally higher amounts to 1-2in/6hrs Wednesday evening and night in those areas of localized enhancement. Into Thursday, slowly backing winds and a drier airmass working in as a ridge slowly builds into the Great Lakes will cut back on snowfall accumulations throughout the day. Meanwhile, temperatures continue to come in slightly below average Wednesday through Thursday, but more seasonable air is expected to return to the area late week with highs generally in the teens and 20s and lows in the single digits. As long as Lake Superior remains in its current mainly ice-free state, temperatures aloft continue to support lake effect snow in the wake of any passing shortwaves. For the weekend and beyond, the most common 925mb wind direction remains NWerly, so that will continue to be the expected regime for LES bands to set up in following any clippers. However, strong synoptic snows look unlikely until at least next week, when there`s a weak signal in the ensembles for a sub-900mb low to pass...somewhere through or near the Great Lakes. Spread is high at this time period, so this prospective system is just as likely to miss the UP as it is to provide any winter impacts. CPC outlooks for early February highlight slight favoring of cooler than normal temperatures and higher precipitation than normal for the Upper Great Lakes region. This likely stems from ensemble mean 500mb height charts favoring troughing stretching from northeast Canada to the Great Lakes and ridging over western North America, favoring transport of cooler air over still-open waters of the Great Lakes (save for bays, etc that are icing over currently) which should support continued LES. && .AVIATION /00Z TAFS THROUGH 00Z THURSDAY/... Issued at 641 PM EST Tue Jan 21 2025 VFR conditions will fall to MVFR tonight as a weak system moves through the region, spreading a chance of snow to all terminals late tonight into Wednesday morning. Visibilities may fall to IFR at KIWD and KCMX. Gusty southwesterly winds of 20-25 kts are also expected overnight as the system moves through. Late in the period, lake effect snow will be possible at KCMX/KIWD. && .MARINE... Issued at 257 PM EST Tue Jan 21 2025 For today, westerly winds will back southwesterly ahead of an approaching clipper low. A few isolated gale force gusts are expected late this evening through tonight, especially across the west half of the lake, but confidence of more widespread coverage at any given time is too small to issue a Gale Warning. An approaching clipper low on Wednesday will bring southwesterly wind gusts up to near 30 kt, veering to the NW overnight, with chances of gales of around 30-50% Wednesday to Wednesday night across the eastern half of the lake. As high pressure influences the forecast for Thursday, mainly westerly winds around 20-25 kt are expected. For Friday into the weekend, primarily westerly and southwesterly winds around 25 kt are expected, but gales to 35 knots are possible into early Sunday (around 30-50% chance) as winds shift to the NW again behind a passing clipper system. NW winds remain elevated at around 20-30kts into early next week. With some of the most frigid air of the last few years over Lake Superior, Heavy Freezing Spray Warnings are in effect through at least Wednesday morning as waves of up to 10 feet feet will allow for supercooled spray to form. && .MQT WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... Upper Michigan... Cold Weather Advisory until 1 AM EST /midnight CST/ Wednesday for MIZ001>007-009>014-084-085. Lake Superior... Heavy Freezing Spray Warning until 7 AM EST /6 AM CST/ Wednesday for LSZ162-240>251-263>265. Heavy Freezing Spray Warning until 1 PM EST Wednesday for LSZ266-267. Lake Michigan... Heavy Freezing Spray Warning from 4 AM to 1 PM EST Wednesday for LMZ248-250. && $$ SHORT TERM...Rolfson LONG TERM...LC AVIATION...JTP MARINE...LC