Forecast Discussions mentioning any of "HRRR" "RAP" "RUC13" "RUC" "RR" received at GSD on 09/25/24


AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
National Weather Service Albany NY
958 PM EDT Tue Sep 24 2024 .SYNOPSIS... The two week stretch of dry conditions over much of eastern New York and western New England will not be allowed to extend past this evening as showers look to spread into the region from northwest to southeast overnight tonight. But unsettled conditions will be short lived as yet another period of dry weather looks to begin Friday into the upcoming weekend. && .NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 AM WEDNESDAY MORNING/... .UPDATE...As of 0955 PM EDT, we`re beginning to see rain showers moving into portions of Herkimer and Hamilton counties as a band of WAA builds into central New York. Rainfall amounts across that area have ranged from a few hundredths to near a quarter of an inch (mainly in persistent bands of showers). Latest CAMs including the HRRR have been handling the evolution of showers well, so have updated POPs to reflect obs and newer guidance over the next few hours. Previous discussion below... .PREV DISCUSSION [0400 PM EDT]...Tranquility persists this afternoon as part of the last day of the recent two-week stretch of dry conditions across much of eastern New York and western New England. Visible satellite imagery shows mostly to partly sunny skies across the region with the most consistent coverage south and east of Albany courtesy of easterly flow driving coastal clouds inland. And though a cirrus shield has reached the western edge of our CWA in advance of a low pressure system currently situated in the Ohio Valley, a hole or minimum in cloud coverage has existed for much of the afternoon from Albany northward due to enhanced subsidence and possible downsloping effects with high pressure adjacent to the northeast. Throughout the remainder of the afternoon/evening and into the overnight, the high over Atlantic Canada will gradually slide south and east as upper- level ridging aloft is forced to deamplify and also shift south and east as an upper level trough digs into the Mississippi Valley. By tomorrow morning, the trough looks to split as the southern portion deepens and closes off into an upper-level cutoff low in the Mississippi Valley and the northern portion remains a positively-tilted shortwave about the base of an upper low in northern Canada. The aforementioned surface low currently in the Ohio Valley will gradually track north and east into the northeast Great Lakes/southeast Ontario as the axis of the shortwave aloft digs farther south into the same area. Warm air advection ahead of the attendant warm front associated with the low paired with favored synoptic-scale forcing for ascent at the leading edge of the shortwave will allow showers to develop and track into the region by tonight. Showers will spread into the region more or less from west to east, bringing the initial accumulations of what will be much of the region`s first accumulating rainfall in over 14 days. Showers tonight will be relatively light in nature, impacting areas mainly north and west of Albany. Extensive cloud cover as a result of the advancing system will make for more mild temperatures in comparison to last night with upper 40s to low 50s anticipated. && .SHORT TERM /6 AM WEDNESDAY MORNING THROUGH THURSDAY NIGHT/... Showers continue into the day Wednesday as the shortwave propagates farther eastward and the surface low continues its progress northward whilst the cutoff low sinks farther into the deep south. Southwesterly flow across the area will align with the southwest to northeast axis of moisture extending northeastward from the Gulf of Mexico, bringing plenty of fuel to sustain rounds of showers throughout the day and into Wednesday night. The heavier showers look to come Wednesday evening into Thursday morning as upper-level flow increases in response to the deepening and closing off of the upper wave into an upper low. Increased divergence aloft and upslope flow could lead to some heavier downpours in higher terrain regions of the Southwest Adirondacks and Southern Greens, but with the recent rain deficit, there are no hydro concerns at this time. It is also possible that some embedded thunderstorms develop Wednesday afternoon/evening as latest CAMs are indicating some elevated instability within the environment. However, no severe weather is anticipated. Showers continue into Thursday morning as a weak cold front swings through the region, but gradually begin to wane in spatial coverage as the upper low moves east into southeast Quebec, taking with it the better forcing. By Thursday night, primarily dry conditions will be reinforced across the region as heights increase in the wake of the upper low with high pressure ridging building over the Midwest and into Ontario. High temperatures Wednesday will be the cooler of the period with extensive cloud cover and rain-cooled air, reaching only the mid 50s to mid 60s. Low temperatures Wednesday night will only dip into the low to mid 50s with pockets of upper 40s above 1500 ft and upper 50s in valley areas. Highs then warm Thursday to the mid/upper 60s to low 70s with pockets of low 60s across higher terrain regions. Thursday night will feature lows in the low to upper 50s with upper 40s in the Southwest Adirondacks and highest peaks of the Eastern Catskills and Southern Greens. && .LONG TERM /FRIDAY THROUGH TUESDAY/... Another prolonged period of dry weather is anticipated across the long term forecast period as upper-level ridging builds in across the region Friday into Saturday and remains in place through early next week as an Omega block sets up Monday into Tuesday. Though the closed low in the Deep South will track north through the Mississippi Valley through the weekend, the high pressure ridging it encounters will keep it at bay, leading to little to no impact for our region. High temperatures will be fairly similar throughout the period with mid/upper 60s to low 70s across much of the region outside of pockets of low 60s possible across higher terrain. Low temperatures will generally fall to the upper 40s to low 50s each night of the period. && .AVIATION /02Z WEDNESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY/... Through 00z Thursday...VFR conditions to start the period will slowly deteriorate through the night, as low clouds and chances of rain showers increase with an approaching system. The first chance will come around 25.10z mainly at ALB/GFL as low-level lift increases, with MVFR ceilings and visibilities also expected. Guidance is in agreement of a brief break in activity through midday, though MVFR and scattered IFR ceilings will persist at all terminals. A more widespread moderate to heavy rain will arrive towards the end of the TAF cycle and will be accompanied by low-end MVFR to IFR conditions, though these should hold off until after 26.00z. The winds will be light from the east to southeast at less than 10 KT tonight, and then will be southeasterly at 5-10 KT after 12Z Wednesday. Outlook... Wednesday Night: High Operational Impact. Likely SHRA...TSRA. Thursday: High Operational Impact. Likely SHRA...TSRA. Thursday Night: Moderate Operational Impact. Chance of SHRA. Friday: No Operational Impact. NO SIG WX. Friday Night: No Operational Impact. NO SIG WX. Saturday: No Operational Impact. NO SIG WX. Saturday Night: No Operational Impact. NO SIG WX. Sunday: No Operational Impact. NO SIG WX. && .CLIMATE... Having last recorded measurable precipitation on September 9, the dry spell in Albany reached 14 days on Monday, September 23. This is the first two-week dry spell in Albany since May 11-25, 2021, when a trace of precipitation was observed over 15 days. Furthermore, every day in the current dry spell has seen zero precipitation, marking the first absolute dry spell of at least 14 days since October 4-26, 1963. Tuesday, September 24 is expected to extend the dry spell to 15 days before widespread rain ends the streak on Wednesday. && .ALY WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... CT...None. NY...None. MA...None. VT...None. && $$ SYNOPSIS...Gant NEAR TERM...Gant/Speck SHORT TERM...Gant LONG TERM...Gant AVIATION...Speck CLIMATE...Picard
Area Forecast Discussion...UPDATED
National Weather Service Brownsville TX
645 PM CDT Tue Sep 24 2024 ...New AVIATION... .SHORT TERM... (Tonight through Wednesday night) Issued at 319 PM CDT Tue Sep 24 2024 Through this evening...Very localized convection has fired up in southern Cameron County...right over Brownsville. Convective- allowing models (CAMs) are not too bullish on too much additional development beyond this area...will need to keep an eye a bit farther west along the river but that`s about it. Better activity in the Gulf should stay there due to sea breeze stability over the coastal/near coastal areas. Model blends actually show this fairly well and updated the forecast to cover...with a pocket of likely where it`s raining now and lower (isolated/scattered) elsewhere inland except for the upper Valley/Rio Grande Plains. Another area to watch is Kenedy/Brooks which is closer to an area of higher coverage of showers this afternoon. For tonight, skies will clear as they have in recent nights and winds will lay down to near calm. The one exception is late at night near the coast, as another round of isolated to scattered showers over the Gulf should edge toward shore. There are some hints of deeper moisture (compared with recent nights) so could see a few more late night clouds inland...but this is not explicitly forecast right now. Temperatures will be largely unchanged from recent overnights...plenty muggy with morning lows in the mid to upper 70s. For Wednesday...models have backed down a bit with rain chances and QPF...but as northwest flow aloft becomes established by late in the day we`ll need to watch the approach of a shear axis on the tail of the actual trough which dives into the lower Mississippi Valley toward evening. For now...maintained mainly sea-breeze driven convection, pulling the rain chances away from the nearshore/coastal areas by mid to late afternoon which is common. Temperatures and heat index should be similar to today except if/when/where it rains. The aforementioned shear axis moves across the region overnight and the forecast could be a bit tricky. Global models are diurnally bearish...but CAMs are a bit more bullish including the HRRR and HRW which show band(s) along/just ahead of the wind shift (front) that is expected to pass and bring drier (lower humidity) conditions beginning Thursday. Exactly where any stronger cells may develop is unclear but the threat is there. For now a stripe of 20-30 percent chances moving from north to south through the night, which should exit the U.S. between 4 and 7 AM, if not sooner. The onset of the drier air will filter across the northern ranchlands and perhaps reach the RGV by daybreak on slightly increased northerly winds...and low temperatures will end up near seasonal averages (70 to lower 70s) by daybreak. Lastly, as Tropical Cyclone Helene moves toward the Yucatan Channel and begins its potential rapid intensification cycle overnight Wednesday, coastal impacts may be delayed until the start of Thursday (long term period). That said, tides remain well above predicted levels...which are in "King" Tide mode and among the highest levels of the calendar year. However, the lack of wave energy should keep coastal flooding (i.e. water up to the dunes) out of the picture at the early Wednesday morning high tide...and probably just out of the picture before daybreak Thursday though we`ll need to keep tabs for a possible Coastal Flood Statement then, before we begin to consider Advisories Thursday into Friday due to the back swell from Helene. && .LONG TERM... (Thursday through next Tuesday) Issued at 319 PM CDT Tue Sep 24 2024 Key Messages: -Tropical Storm/Hurricane Helene to have little impact to Deep South Texas and the Rio Grande valley. -A cold front will move through the region late week bringing a bit of relief from the oppressive heat. The main story and impact to Deep South Texas and the Rio Grande Valley for the long term period will be the approach and passing of a cold front. On Thursday, a midlevel low pressure system located across the middle Mississippi Valley will begin to ingest what will be Hurricane Helene and cause the aforementioned low to linger across the middle/lower Mississippi Valley through the end of the week. The low finally drifts northeast through the weekend and into early next week with high pressure returning to Deep South Texas a dry conditions into early week. At the surface the aforementioned low will drag a cold front through the CWA Thursday. Forecast CAPE values remain around 1000 J/kg and PWATs between 1.50 and 1.75 inches on Thursday morning we could see some isolated to scattered showers and thunderstorms with the potential for some brief heavy rainfall in spots as the front moves through the CWA. Rain chances will be confined to the lower Valley and along the coast with POPs under 30%. In wake of the FROPA, much drier air will filter into the region. Along the coast, the combination of the frontal passage and the arrival of long period swell from Helene will result in increased wave heights and adverse beach conditions Thursday and Friday. Enhanced rip current risk and minor coastal flooding will be possible at beaches along the Lower Texas Coast. As for temperatures, we won`t see much relief from the warm temperatures (in some respects) with highs remaining in the low to mid 90s, but with less humidity and lower dewpoints heat indices will stay below 100 degrees through the forecast period. && .AVIATION... (00Z TAFS) Issued at 625 PM CDT Tue Sep 24 2024 Currently, MFE and HRL are sitting under clear skies while BRO is experiencing broken VFR conditions due to earlier convection. Winds at all terminals are out of the east-southeast and generally ranging from between 8 to 12 knots. Overnight, winds are expected to diminish to light and variable along with scattered clouds at VFR, with less coverage over MFE, and a few MVFR clouds. Following sunrise tomorrow morning, scattered clouds, at VFR levels, will persist and chances of vicinity showers will increase by the late morning hours for HRL and BRO. A PROB30 has been added for all terminals for the chance of isolated to scattered showers and thunderstorms between 16Z to 20Z for HRL and BRO as well as between 19Z and 22Z for MFE, due to elevated moisture being lifted along the seabreeze boundary into the afternoon hours tomorrow. Clouds should remain at VFR tomorrow with light to gentle east-northeast winds. && .MARINE... Issued at 319 PM CDT Tue Sep 24 2024 Now through Wednesday Night: Outside of Isolated to scattered convection, light winds and slight seas will be the rule through most of the period through Wednesday. Wednesday evening will be fine as well, but conditions could begin deteriorating overnight, first from a small chance (10 to 20 percent) of a band of showers/embedded thunderstorms to press south through the waters during the late evening through postThursday through Monday...What will be Hurricane Helene and the passage of a cold front will likely lead somewhat adverse conditons to start the period. As a cold front moves through the waters off the lower Texas coast on Thursday, isolated to scattered showers and thunderstorms will be possible along with increased winds Thursday into Friday. At the same time swell from Helene will arrive on Thursday as well leading to elevated seas, most likely on the offshore Gulf waters. Small Craft Should Exercise Caution headlines or Small Craft Advisories may be needed for the Gulf waters Thursday and Friday as wave heights look to reach 6-7 feet. Seas are expected to subside over the weekend, with favorable marine conditions prevailing through the remainder of the period. midnight hours. Soon after, winds turn northerly and increase toward 15 knots...while at the same time the first note of easterly swell and building seas may arrive in 20-60 nm leg before daybreak. For now...seas are forecast to increase to near 4 feet at that time, likely a combination of wind wave and early arrival of easterly swell. Thursday through Monday...What will be Hurricane Helene and the passage of a cold front will likely lead somewhat adverse conditons to start the period. As a cold front moves through the waters off the lower Texas coast on Thursday, isolated to scattered showers and thunderstorms will be possible along with increased winds Thursday into Friday. At the same time swell from Helene will arrive on Thursday as well leading to elevated seas, most likely on the offshore Gulf waters. Small Craft Should Exercise Caution headlines or Small Craft Advisories may be needed for the Gulf waters Thursday and Friday as wave heights look to reach 6-7 feet. Seas are expected to subside over the weekend, with favorable marine conditions prevailing through the remainder of the period. && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... BROWNSVILLE 78 93 75 89 / 20 40 30 30 HARLINGEN 74 94 71 90 / 10 40 30 20 MCALLEN 78 96 75 94 / 10 30 30 10 RIO GRANDE CITY 75 94 73 92 / 10 30 30 10 SOUTH PADRE ISLAND 81 87 79 86 / 20 40 40 30 BAYVIEW/PORT ISABEL 77 91 74 87 / 20 40 40 20 && .BRO WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... TX...None. GM...None. && $$ SHORT TERM...52-Goldsmith LONG TERM....68-McGinnis AVIATION...65-Irish
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Charleston SC
1106 PM EDT Tue Sep 24 2024 .SYNOPSIS... High pressure will linger across the region through Wednesday. A tropical cyclone is forecast to track northward across the Gulf of Mexico, then move inland late week across portions of Florida, Georgia, and possibly South Carolina. Drier weather then arrives for the weekend. && .NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 AM WEDNESDAY MORNING/... Earlier showers trying to develop in the coastal waters have since fizzled with quiet weather anticipated overnight. No significant changes made to the overnight forecast. Previous discussion... Quiet weather out there this evening and that will remain the case through the overnight as mid level ridging and surface high pressure remaining along the southeast coast. That said, there are a few showers moving through the outer waters within the larger scale southeast flow. HRRR guidance does drive a few showers into coastal areas overnight. Not prepared to add any precip chances to the going forecast at this juncture, but will keep an eye on trends. Low temperatures are forecast to range from near 70 inland to the mid to upper 70s along the coast. && .SHORT TERM /6 AM WEDNESDAY MORNING THROUGH FRIDAY/... Wednesday: The upper level ridge that was over the Pacific Northwest on Tuesday will translate east towards the Four Corners region with a trough axis centered across the Great Lakes. Meanwhile, energy that was near MN/ IA earlier this week will be diving south towards AR with wave breaking starting to occur. As this happens, the energy will break off into a closed upper level low and become quasi- stationary over AR. Towards SC/ GA, a mid-level ridge will nudge east, but still keep the area dry as a subsidence inversion remains around 800/ 900 mb. PWATs are also forecast to be around or below 1.50" with substantial mid level dry air in place. At this time though, Helene will likely be a hurricane and turn to the north as it begins to feel the influence of the mid level low (or weakness). Widespread cirrus will filter into the region and thicken. Expect high temperatures in the mid to upper 80s with low temperatures in the lower to mid 70s. Thursday and Friday: All attention then turns to Tropical Storm Helene on Thursday as it begins to accelerate to the north/ northeast or towards the Florida coastline. Rapid intensification of Helene is expected Thursday due to warm Gulf of Mexico water and little in the way of upper level shear. The National Hurricane Center is forecasting Helene to make landfall as a major hurricane along the Big Bend region of Florida Thursday evening. During the day Thursday, cloud bases will continue to lower as showers overspread the region from the southwest. Helene will bring multiple hazards to GA and SC. For full details, please refer the the HLS. Wind: A tropical storm watch is now in effect for all GA zones and GA marine zones. Peak wind gusts will likely occur Thursday night into early Friday morning as Helene moves north across central GA. Wind gusts across SC will likely remain mostly below Tropical Storm Force at this time. Therefore we opted only for a Tropical Storm Watch across GA. Tornadoes: As Helene passes west of the region Thursday night, hodographs rapidly elongate with an impressive amount of instability forecast for a tropical cyclone. Both the GFS and NAM have MLCAPE values at 500 J/kg or greater with Helicity values around 300 m2/s2. Critical angles are also near 90 degrees, which would make most of the vorticity streamwise, or suitable for the development of tropical tornadoes. As such, the SPC has the area in a slight risk for Thursday into Friday. Storm Surge: Currently surge values are in the 1 - 3 ft range MHHW. As such, coastal flood products might be required. More on this can be found in the Tides/ Coastal Flooding section. Flooding Rainfall: As mentioned above, multiple rounds of showers or rainbands in association with Helene will begin to impact the area Thursday morning (esp towards GA). By Thursday afternoon, rainfall will have spread over the entire region. Showers and a isolated rumble of thunder will then persist through Thursday night into early Friday morning. Helene will continue to head north and be across central/ northern GA by sunrise Friday morning. At this time, rainfall will start to come to an end across coastal GA and SC. Rainfall totals of 3 - 5" are possible for GA with 2 - 4" across SC. Helene will be across northern GA and SC Friday morning with dry air wrapping around the southern flank of the storm. As this occurs, rainfall will come to an abrupt end Friday after sunrise with breaks in the clouds appearing. Southwest winds will be gusty at times with temperatures warming into the upper 80s. && .LONG TERM /FRIDAY NIGHT THROUGH TUESDAY/... Friday night into Saturday, long term guidance indicates that the forecast area will remain between a closed mid-level low over the Mississippi River Valley and a 592 DM ridge over the Bahamas. Dry air in the wake of the remnants of Helene is forecast to drift northward, with a stream of moisture flowing NE between the two mid- level features across the forecast area. The moisture should yield some gradually increase in cloud cover with isolated showers across extreme SE GA. High temperatures should favor values in the mid to upper 80s. Sunday through Tuesday: The closed mid-level low will shift east over the Ohio River Valley on Sunday. Then opening into a wave across the east coast early next week. Isolated to scattered showers and thunderstorms will remain across the forecast area through the period, especially during the afternoon and evening. High temperatures are forecast to range between 80 to 85 degrees with lows between 65 to 70. && .AVIATION /03Z WEDNESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY/... 00Z TAFs: VFR. Winds will remain steady from the SSE although tend to weaken during the overnight hours. Some gustiness will develop during the day Wednesday with gusts to around 20 knots possible. Extended Aviation Outlook: Wednesday: All terminals VFR with winds out of the southeast. Thursday: Hurricane Helene will be across the northeast Gulf of Mexico Thursday morning heading to the north/ northeast. Initially, all terminals will be VFR in the morning hours with high clouds thickening and bases slowly lowering. By the afternoon hours, MVFR conditions are likely at KSAV and KCHS. Transient IFR cigs will then be possible by the evening hours as precipitation from Helene spreads over the entire region. Visibilities will also be reduced to IFR or lower at times due to the heavy rainfall. Restrictions in cigs, vsbys, heavy rain, and gusty winds will then persist Thursday evening into early Friday morning. Friday: Helene will quickly start to pull away from the region with a return to VFR conditions. Southwest winds will be gusty at times. Saturday and Sunday: VFR conditions. No precipitation is expected on Saturday with a slight chance of showers and thunderstorms on Sunday. && .MARINE... Tonight, a ridge of high pressure will southeast winds around 10 kts across the marine zones. Seas are forecast to range between 3-4 ft. Wednesday: Broad high pressure offshore will result in southeast winds around 15 kt. Seas will average 2-3 ft for the nearshore waters out 20 nm and 3-4 ft for the outer GA waters from 20-60 nm. Conditions will begin to deteriorate Wednesday night ahead of an approaching potential tropical cyclone in the southern Gulf of Mexico. Thursday through Friday: Expect dangerous marine conditions as a northward moving tropical system in the Gulf of Mexico strengthens. Fine details are likely to change depending on the exact track and strength of the system. At this juncture, guidance indicates ESE gusts could range between 25-30 kt by Thursday morning. The tropical cyclone is expected to track inland and make it closest approach late Thursday night/early Friday, which is when tropical storm force gusts or greater are likely across the local waters. A Tropical Storm Watch has been issued for the GA waters. Tornadic waterspouts will also be possible during this time frame, in addition to bands of heavy rain. Seas are expected to peak between 8-13 ft within 20 nm and 14-17 ft over the outer GA waters from 20-60 nm late Thursday night. Conditions will begin to improve Friday night. Saturday through Sunday: As the tropical system rapidly weakens to our north, seas will drop to 2-3 ft with westerly winds shifting out of the north around 10-15 kt. High Surf and Rip Currents: Wednesday: Onshore winds and swells with 10 to 11 seconds will develop along the Ga Coast. Local calculation and rip current MOS support a moderate risk for the GA coast. Breaking waves of 5 feet or greater are likely to occur at the beaches Thursday into Thursday night. A High Surf Advisory will likely be needed for all area beaches. Significant beach erosion is likely to occur during this time. A high risk for rip currents has been posted for the SC/GA coast on Thursday. Additionally, an elevated risk for rip currents is possible Friday with lingering gusty winds, large breakers, and long period swells. && .TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING... On Thursday, strengthening onshore winds could lead to an increasing tidal departure, with some coastal flooding possible along the Charleston and Colleton County coasts Thursday afternoon. The threat for coastal flooding is then expected for the entire coast through the end of the week due to impacts from a tropical cyclone. Storm surge inundation of 1 to 3 ft is possible along the coast of southeast Georgia and the South Carolina Lowcountry. && .CHS WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... GA...Tropical Storm Watch for GAZ087-088-099>101-114>119-137>141. SC...None. MARINE...Tropical Storm Watch for AMZ354-374. && $$ NEAR TERM...Adam SHORT TERM...Haines LONG TERM...NED AVIATION...Adam/Haines MARINE...NED
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Indianapolis IN
943 PM EDT Tue Sep 24 2024 .KEY MESSAGES... - Patchy fog developing overnight - Seasonable temperatures for much of this week with highs in the 70s and lows in the upper 50s and 60s - Potential for more rain late week into the weekend from tropical remnants. Many uncertainties remain on location and amounts of rainfall && .FORECAST UPDATE... Issued at 943 PM EDT Tue Sep 24 2024 The cold front has moved away to the east of the region this evening with only a few small pockets of showers left and these are rapidly dissipating as well. Mostly cloudy skies remained behind the front with temperatures at 01Z in the mid and upper 60s. Much of the rest of the night will shift focus to the potential for fog to develop as W/NW winds lighten. Model soundings hint at near saturated conditions persisting within the boundary layer as drier air aloft builds in. Expect that to manifest as a reexpansion of lower stratocu as the night progresses...but there remains enough breaks in the clouds that the patchy fog potential cannot be ignored with special emphasis on locations that received rainfall earlier today. Will introduce fog after 06Z and maintain it through daybreak with improvements by mid morning Wednesday. Lows will fall into the upper 50s and lower 60s which the current forecast has covered well. Zone and grid updates out. && .MESOSCALE UPDATE... Issued at 447 PM EDT Tue Sep 24 2024 Central Indiana remains in a broad warm sector ahead of a deepening surface low this afternoon. Broad lift and 1000-2000 J/kg of instability within this warm sector has allowed for scattered showers and thunderstorms to develop. This has primarily been focused along two advancing boundaries; one over far eastern Indiana and one along the I-69 corridor. Overall shear has been supportive of updraft development, but greatest effective shear has remained over southern Indiana and KY. This could move northward with time though as a dry slot has been noted via visible satellite imagery, of which could help deepen the instability layer allowing for storms to tap into greater shear aloft. 0-1 km shear has slowly been increasing as well, as the surface low deepens increase low level backing of the winds. This low level shear has a greater concentration over N/E IN and OH. All of this said, central Indiana still looks to remain in a marginal threat for isolated downbursts within organized updrafts, with a slightly greater threat east of central Indiana. If the greater deep shear is able to match up with the low level shear, an increased threat for isolated tornadoes will be possible, but this looks to be more likely over portions of OH. After the line, currently over the I-69 corridor, passes, the severe threat should also end (around 7-8 PM EDT). && .SHORT TERM (This evening through Wednesday)... Issued at 224 PM EDT Tue Sep 24 2024 Synopsis: Surface analysis early this afternoon shows low pressure in place over northwest IN. This was resulting in cyclonic lower level flow across Central Indiana. Our forecast area resided within the warm sector with south to southeast surface winds across the area. A weak surface trough axis was found pivoting around the low over western Central Indiana. Radar this afternoon shows the development of instability convective showers and storms across Central Indiana. Dew points remained moist, in the mid 60s to near 70. Aloft, a deep upper trough was in place over the northern plains, extending south to the southern plains states. This was resulting in southwest flow over Central Indiana aloft. Overnight - Fog will be expected to develop overnight. Light winds are expected to arrive, and lower level residual moisture will remain present. Dew point depressions overnight are expected to fall to 0-2F. Furthermore, there is a lack of an arrival of dry air as dew points only fall to around 60 overnight. Thus fog development is expected, particularly away from the urban heat island of Indianapolis. Expect overnight lows to fall to the upper 50s to lower 60s. Wednesday - Forecast soundings suggest good subsidence an drying within the mid levels on Wednesday, however they do suggest to saturation during the afternoon hours as convective temps are reached. Meanwhile aloft, the upper trough over the plains is expected to push east toward the Ohio valley and surface high pressure tries to build over Indiana. All of this could lead to some shallow rain shower development and CU development. Confidence for partly to mostly cloudy skies due to CU development is high, however, confidence for rain showers is low and any precip should remain rather light. HRRR hints at a few showers across the area, but mainly to the northwest, perhaps lake enhanced, coming off Lake Michigan. Thus will include slight chances for afternoon shower across much of the area. Confidence in this is quite low. Highs on Wednesday should reach the middle to upper 70s. && .LONG TERM (Wednesday night through Tuesday)... Issued at 224 PM EDT Tue Sep 24 2024 Synoptic Pattern: Currently, central Indiana is positioned upstream of an amplified trough, with an associated week low pressure system. This will allow for marginal baroclinicity in the low levels, and a weak push of cooler air following its departure. In the upper levels, the ridge over the Inter-Mountain West will amplify, creating strong AVA and height rises over the Great Lakes region. In return, the aforementioned low will become "cut-off" from the polar jet and become stationary over the Ozarks/Mid-Mississippi Valley. This should place central Indiana in a rather mundane, cool pattern through mid-week, with the majority of the forcing from the cut off low staying south/west of central Indiana. The pattern will begin to shift late week as a tropical system plunges into the CONUS. With the cutoff low over AR/MO, and a high over the Mid-Atlantic, steering flow should push the warm-core low north into the Tennessee Valley late Thursday, where it will begin extra-tropical transition. As this process begins, it will also interact with the cut-off low, creating a Fujiwara effect as the vort maxes collide. This should push the remnants of the tropical low westward into the Ohio Valley. There is still a lot of uncertainty on the impact of the antecedent high pressure over the Great Lakes and strength of the tropical low leading to low confidence in the overall impacts to central Indiana. Temperature/Cloud Cover/Wind: With the low becoming cutoff, very little air mass movement will take place mid week, keeping 850mb temperatures essentially unchanged. This, along with mostly cloudy skies will lead to deamplified diurnal swings with highs in the low to mid 70s and lows in the upper 50s to low 60s. As the tropical low nears later in the week, dew points and 850mb temperatures are expected to increase, but surface temperatures will likely stay in the 70s with continued cloud cover and increasing rain chances. Pockets of 80s cannot be ruled out, but most of the region should stay in the 70s through Sunday. A tightening pressure gradient on the northward portion of the tropical low should lead to greater overall winds over the Ohio Valley Friday and potentially Saturday. Current expectation is for sustained between 15-20mph with gusts upwards of 30mph, but this could change depending on the tropical low`s strength and location. Precipitation: As mentioned, central Indiana will be positioned in the threshold between low pressure to the SW and high pressure to the north. This should limit moisture transport northward and keep central Indiana mostly dry through Thursday. Still, with the low positioned close enough to the Ohio Valley, a few stray/isolated light showers cannot be ruled out. This changes for Friday onward as the tropical low nears from the S/SE. There is still a lot of uncertainty on timing and amounts, but trends are increasing overall chances for rainfall Friday and Saturday. Precipitation chances continue through Monday of next week with generally low pressure remaining over the region, but uncertainty is too high Sunday onward for confidence in rain occurring. && .AVIATION (00Z TAF Issuance)... Issued at 641 PM EDT Tue Sep 24 2024 Impacts: - Ceilings dropping to MVFR tonight and possibly into IFR early Wednesday morning - Fog possible overnight through Wednesday morning - VFR ceilings returning by Wednesday afternoon Discussion: A cold front has passed to the east of all of the terminals early this evening with most of the lingering showers moving away and diminishing. Drier air will briefly filter in through the evening but expect low clouds to settle back in as deep moisture lingers within the boundary layer through the night. The combination of light W/NW flow and the low level moisture also supports the development of fog overnight through daybreak Wednesday but confidence is lower in just how widespread and low visibilities may get. Keeping visibilities mainly in the 2-4SM range predawn through the first half of the morning Wednesday. Weak high pressure builds into the area Wednesday but low level moisture will persist with cooler air aloft. Expect ceilings to lift to a decent VFR cu field for the afternoon. Northwest winds will be less than 10kts on Wednesday. && .IND WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...None. && $$ UPDATE...Ryan SHORT TERM...Puma LONG TERM...Updike AVIATION...Ryan
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Chicago/Romeoville, IL
642 PM CDT Tue Sep 24 2024 .KEY MESSAGES... - Patchy fog may develop tonight and become locally dense into early Wednesday. - Chances for periodic showers return Friday night into early next week, but confidence in specifics remains low. && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 300 PM CDT Tue Sep 24 2024 Through Wednesday Night: A partially lake-induced or enhanced MCV earlier resulted in focused pockets of heavy rain and localized flooding into portions of the Chicago metro through the early afternoon. With efficient warm-rain processes ongoing, the lingering shower activity focused east of the I-355 corridor will continue to produce occasional downpours over the next couple of hours. With this being said, thankfully, the feared more pronounced lake induced meso-low developed over Lake Michigan, which will in all likelihood keep any additional torrential rates safely off to the east. Lake effect showers should eventually get going tonight into Wednesday morning for portions of northwest Indiana (possibly brushing the Chicago shore), though we remain skeptical of the more bullish HRRR depictions and suspect it`s overdoing instability. The official forecast held onto chance (~30%) PoPs near the lake in Porter County given the current forecast wind directions and orientation of lake enhanced convergence. Spotty shower activity could then expand inland into northwest Indiana Wednesday before dissipating by or during the afternoon. Aside from the precip. trends, have some concern for fog development overnight, especially where clouds are able to sufficiently clear (favoring interior northern IL). It isn`t a very favorable fog setup due to moderate northerly flow aloft above the inversion. However, given the return of rain over the past few days and light surface winds tonight, will need to monitor for patchy ground fog development, some of which may be locally dense. Any fog should erode quickly Wednesday morning. The rest of Wednesday and Wednesday night will be quiet, with seasonably mild temperatures (low-mid 70s highs) Wednesday afternoon and a relatively cool Wednesday night. Expecting dew points to mix out Wednesday afternoon, and with light/calm winds and clear skies Wednesday night, this should set up favorable radiational cooling conditions. Forecast lows are in the upper 40s to lower 50s outside of Chicago and mid 50s to around 60F in and near the city. Some concern exists for fog development Wednesday night as well, though will let the midnight shift take a look at this potential. Castro Thursday through Tuesday: A complex evolution to the synoptic weather pattern continues to limit forecast confidence for the long term forecast period, although some trends and clustering across the guidance/ensemble suite have been noted today. The latest multi-model consensus seems to suggest that much--if not all of--our forecast area may see little/no precipitation through at least into Friday evening. By Thursday, a trough will have been pinched off from the jet stream and become a closed upper-level low centered over or just east of the Ozarks. To its north, the axis of a high-amplitude ridge will be encroaching upon the western Great Lakes, while to its southeast, soon-to-be Hurricane Helene will be on final approach to making landfall along the Florida Gulf Coast. With the influence of the ridge in our region on Thursday, we will, in all likelihood, be treated to dry conditions and near to slightly above normal temperatures with highs in the mid to perhaps upper 70s (coolest near the lake). After making landfall, Helene will encounter the upper low and likely engage in a Fujiwhara-like interaction that will see the tropical cyclone rapidly get torn apart with its remnants then getting slung anticyclonically around the low and eventually absorbed into the low itself. While there is still quite a bit of spread exhibited in the latest suite of deterministic and ensemble forecast guidance regarding exactly how this interaction will play out, there seems to be growing support for most or all of our forecast area remaining dry on Friday due to either 1.) Helene having a slower forward motion and making landfall later and/or 2.) the continued presence of the ridge suppressing precipitation associated with both cyclones to the south. There`s enough of a QPF signal in the Grand Ensemble to warrant not yanking the NBM`s PoPs for Friday in our far southern CWA just yet, but did end up lowering them once again. Regardless of exactly how Helene interacts with the upper low, tightening pressure fields in the vicinity of these two interacting systems will yield a period of breezy northeasterly winds Friday into Saturday that will induce high wave action on Lake Michigan, leading to dangerous conditions along the lakeshore. Saturday onwards remains a fairly big question mark with respect to precipitation owing to dependencies pertaining to the aforementioned synoptic-scale interaction. In one possible scenario, we could see rain showers on Saturday as Helene`s remnants get whipped from east to west, then see daily periodic rain showers heading into next week as the upper low continues to meander around nearby. Alternatively, if Helene and the upper low meet up farther to the east, or if the upper-level ridge ends up being stronger than expected and continues to keep everything suppressed to the south, then the upper low could remain bottled up well to our south or southeast through early next week, keeping its associated precipitation away from our forecast area. There are several other possible "middle ground" outcomes as well, but with how difficult it is to model such a complex atmospheric interaction, it will still probably take at least another day or two for us to gain some more clarity as to whether or when it will actually rain this weekend into early next week. For now, have continued to leave the NBM`s broad- brushed slight chance and chance PoPs for this time frame largely untouched. A fairly strong cold front passage pegged for Monday night into Tuesday may then bring a true taste of autumnal temperatures into mid next week. Carlaw/Ogorek && .AVIATION /00Z TAFS THROUGH 06Z THURSDAY/... Issued at 642 PM CDT Tue Sep 24 2024 An upper-level low over southern Lake Michigan will exit to the east tonight, allowing for gradually improving conditions. Scattered areas of -RADZ will persist for a few more hours, with associated brief periods of sub-VFR visibility. Low-end MVFR ceilings with pockets of IFR ceilings will slowly lift into high-end MVFR levels through the night before becoming SCT VFR by Wednesday morning. Outlying sites (RFD, DPA, and GYY) may see MVFR BR develop overnight, with a low (20%) chance for MIFG with IFR/LIFR visibility. Winds will remain in the NW quadrant around or less than 10 knots through Wednesday, with the exception of a NE wind shift with a lake breeze at ORD/MDW late Wednesday afternoon. Kluber && .LOT WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... IL...None. IN...None. LM...None. && $$ Visit us at weather.gov/chicago
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Raleigh NC
1055 PM EDT Tue Sep 24 2024 .SYNOPSIS... Mid-level disturbances, in moist, southwesterly flow aloft, will interact with a stalled surface front that will weaken over the Carolinas and VA through mid-week. Tropical Cyclone Helene is forecast to make landfall in the Florida Big Bend late Thursday, then move quickly north, while weakening, through the southern Appalachians and OH Valley Friday and Friday night. && .NEAR TERM /THROUGH TONIGHT/... As of 1055 PM Tuesday... A stationary front separating dew points in the upper-60s from dew points in the lower-to-mid-70s currently stretches from between KTDF and KRDU SE to between KRWI and KGSB. The SBCAPE gradient on SPC mesoanalysis also depicts the front well, as far NE zones are very stable while south and west of the front has SBCAPE as high as 1500 J/kg. The air mass is very moist as well, as there is deep S/SW flow aloft between offshore ridging and a mid-level low centered over northern Missouri. 925-850 mb moisture transport is maximized directly over central NC, and PW values are in the 1.7 to 2 inch range. Moisture interacting with the aforementioned stalled front has been bringing lines and clusters of heavy showers and storms training across parts of the northern and western Piedmont this evening. One line is near the VA border that will be moving ESE into Person, Granville, Vance and Warren counties over the next few hours. A cluster of showers and storms to the SW of the Triangle will be moving NE into those urban areas shortly, and additional rounds of heavy rain currently over SW NC and NW SC will move ENE across the northern Piedmont overnight. Latest HRRR runs indicate the greatest threat of heavy rain will be from KRDU to the north and west, which is where a Slight Risk (level 2 of 4) of excessive rainfall is in effect. It won`t take much rain to get flash flooding, as some localized spots have already received as much as 1 to 3 inches this evening. Additional localized amounts of 1 to 3 inches will be possible where training occurs, and very localized amounts exceeding this can`t even be ruled out. Probabilities of heavy rain begin to decrease after 06z as instability wanes, but some convection is likely to persist in this corridor through 12z, and with already saturated ground, a threat of flash flooding will continue. For these reasons, a Flood Watch is in effect for our tier of counties bordering VA (plus Durham, Wake and Franklin counties) from now until 8 AM tomorrow morning. Farther south and east away from the front, a mostly dry night is expected, but an isolated shower can`t be ruled out. Widespread cloud cover will keep low temperatures extremely mild across central NC, in the upper-60s to lower-70s. && .SHORT TERM /WEDNESDAY AND WEDNESDAY NIGHT/... As of 345 PM Tuesday... In the mid/upper-levels, an anticyclone over FL today will drift newd to about midway between Bermuda and the South Atlantic coast, while a cyclone settles across the mid-South. Deep sswly flow between the two will provide the steering for Tropical Cyclone Helene into the eastern Gulf of Mexico and also convectively- enhanced disturbances from the cntl Gulf coast through the wrn Carolinas. At the surface, the quasi-stationary front now over cntl NC will retreat nwwd into srn and cntl VA on Wed, while an upstream cold front now moving across the TN and lwr MS Valleys will slow and stall invof the srn Appalachians and GA. Aside from a sea breeze, the main foci for convergence and convection will consequently become oriented just to the north and west of cntl NC and where the otherwise weakly-forced warm sector will exist. While isolated showers and storms will be possible with diurnal heating/destabilization, as early morning stratus retreats nwwd and lifts/scatters within the warm sector and/or along the sea breeze, the axis of convection will likely materialize through the wrn Carolinas and especially upslope into the mountains. temperatures should be more-uniformly warmer and in the 80s on Wed, with continued unseasonably mild/humid conditions and lows in the mid 60s to near 70 Wed night. && .LONG TERM /THURSDAY THROUGH TUESDAY/... As of 230 PM Tuesday... The 11am track of Tropical Storm (eventually Hurricane) Helene calls for a landfall along the Big Bend region of Florida Thursday evening, moving up through northern Georgia Friday morning, and becoming a post-tropical cyclone over Indiana by Saturday morning. The cone for Helene remains to the west of our forecast area, although the cone specifically forecasts the center of the storm. Helene is expected to be a larger than typical storm and impacts will be felt well outside of the cone. The impacts from Helene should start making their way into the forecast area Thursday, with the greatest rainfall intensity and wind speeds occurring Thursday night and Friday. It`s too early to look at specifics, but multiple inches of rain are likely across western counties, with lesser amounts expected to the east. It also appears that the wind and wind gusts will remain below tropical storm strength of 40 mph, with the higher values remaining to the west. The forecast should begin to dry out by Friday night as the circulation from Helene moves over the Midwest. However, as Helene becomes post-tropical and develops warm/cold fronts, scattered thunderstorms should remain in the forecast through early next week. Normal late-September temperatures are around 80/60 degrees, and Saturday is expected to be the warmest day with slightly above normal highs. Lows will be above normal throughout the forecast. && .AVIATION /00Z WEDNESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY/... As of 830 PM Tuesday... Anomalous moisture embedded within swly flow will continue to generate MVFR/IFR stratus along a stalled boundary over the northern Piedmont. This will effectively keep KINT/KGSO and perhaps KRDU sub- VFR through this evening. Then, all sites will sock back down to IFR/LIFR later tonight through overnight period. The cloud deck will slowly erode from south to north through Wednesday afternoon (KINT/KGSO may very likely remain sub-VFR however through the end of the 24 hour TAF period). In addition to stratus restrictions, showers and storms will likely move sw to ne through the overnight period. Some of these storms will affect INT,GSO and RDU. KINT/KGSO and even KRDU. Additional showers and storms may be possible Wednesday afternoon, primarily near KINT/KGSO. Outlook: Under a persistent anomalous moisture regime, late night/early morning sub-VFR ceilings and visibilities will be possible each day in the outlook period. Additional showers and storms will also be possible each day. While there is still some uncertainty wrt to the evolution of Tropical Storm Helene, it does appear that heavy rain and perhaps gusty winds will be possible late Thursday night through early Saturday morning (highest impacts as of now would be likely at KINT/KGSO). && .RAH WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... Flood Watch from 8 PM EDT this evening through Wednesday morning for NCZ007>010-021>026-041. && $$ SYNOPSIS...MWS/CBL NEAR TERM...Danco SHORT TERM...MWS LONG TERM...Green AVIATION...Badgett/Luchetti
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Tallahassee FL
1111 PM EDT Tue Sep 24 2024 ...New UPDATE, MARINE... .UPDATE... Issued at 1110 PM EDT Tue Sep 24 2024 The 11 pm EDT advisory package from NHC effectively has little or no change. The center of Helene is still forecast to make landfall along the Big Bend coast as a Cat 3 late Thursday. Mostly unrelated to Helene, Wednesday should be an active day of thunderstorms and heavy rain, especially for the Panhandle and southeast Alabama. A slow-moving or nearly stationary surface boundary will set up over the Panhandle, serving as a focus for thunderstorm development against the backdrop of moderate instability, a moistening air mass, and about 25-30 knots of bulk shear to help storms organize into clusters. Convection will start to blossom along the Emerald Coast before sunrise on Wednesday. && .SYNOPSIS... Issued at 354 PM EDT Tue Sep 24 2024 Weather turns active on Wednesday as showers/thunderstorms increase ahead of Tropical Storm Helene. Isolated severe weather and heavy rain is possible with this activity. Helene is forecast to approach Apalachee Bay as a likely major hurricane on Thursday with conditions deteriorating from south to north. Landfall is forecast somewhere along the NE Gulf Coast as a major hurricane and bring a myriad of potentially significant threats: life-threatening storm surge, tropical storm/hurricane- force winds, flash flooding, and isolated tornadoes. Conditions should improve heading into the weekend as Helene exits the region. && .NEAR TERM... (Through Wednesday) Issued at 354 PM EDT Tue Sep 24 2024 The benign weather we have been experiencing the past couple days gives way to increasing rain chances tomorrow. A frontal boundary attendant to a broad/energetic upper trough over the Central Plains interacts with tropical moisture off the Gulf to be the primary foci for showers/thunderstorms. The environment is forecast to be somewhat conducive for loosely organized convection capable of isolated gusty/damaging winds, locally heavy rain, and perhaps a brief tornado or two. For these reasons, the SPC introduced a Marginal Risk (level 1 of 5) of severe weather in the Day 2 Outlook for SE AL, the FL Panhandle, and parts of the FL Big Bend/SW GA. The 18Z HRRR initiates convection off the Emerald Coast as a N-S- oriented cluster in the morning before spreading inland with time. Storm mode appears to take on linear-like banding shapes, which could spell heavy rain/flooding trouble that`s not even directly associated with TC Helene, yet. In response to this evolution, the WPC maintains a Slight Risk (level 2 of 4) over parts of the Emerald/Forgotten Coasts and Marginal Risk (level 1 of 4) elsewhere for the Day 2 Outlook. The former may drop southward to the Wiregrass Region in subsequent outlooks. With weather aiming to be active on Wednesday, users are highly encouraged to finalize any outdoor preparedness plans ahead for Helene sooner than later. Given the increased cloud cover/rain chances, expect relatively cooler daytime temperatures with widespread highs in the 80s. Overnight lows drop to the low 70s. && .SHORT TERM... (Wednesday night through Friday) Issued at 354 PM EDT Tue Sep 24 2024 The focus will be the approaching Tropical Storm Helene, which is expected to become a hurricane or major hurricane prior to landfall somewhere along the Florida Panhandle or Big Bend. There will be a developing upper level trough over the middle Mississippi Valley that will pull in Tropical Storm Helene, bringing it up north through the Gulf of Mexico. Tropical Storm Helene is expected to strengthen to a hurricane bringing significant impacts to the Florida Panhandle and Big Bend, possibly extending further inland to SE Alabama and SW Georgia. Winds will be gradually increasing through the day on Thursday with scattered showers already occurring. The 11AM EDT Advisory still indicates that Tropical Storm Helene will make landfall along the Florida Big Bend as a Major Category 3 Hurricane sometime late Thursday evening. The 12z ensemble runs do not show much shift east or west from the 06z ensemble runs as to where the center may go. The object to focus on is that this will be a very large storm in size. Impacts will be felt well outside of the cone of uncertainty. Expect conditions to begin deteriorating by midday Thursday. All locations along the northern Gulf and along the eastern portions of the Florida Big Bend and west coast of Florida are at risk currently for a major hurricane bringing significant wind, storm surge inundation, and rainfall. Additionally, Tropical Storm Helene is likely to have a faster than usual storm motion as it accelerates north around landfall and moves inland. When combined with the storm`s large size and fast forward motion, significant winds and gusts could extend further inland than folks are typically accustomed to seeing during tropical systems. Reminder, every storm is unique in its own way with what it brings in regards to threats and hazards, and each system brings uncertainty that can leave you unprepared if you`re not ready for a *reasonable* worst case scenario. Don`t underestimate the danger you could experience with Helene just because you avoided impacts from previous storms. With watches issued and upcoming warnings are likely, if you are under a tropical/hurricane/surge watch or warning, be sure to check the forecast at weather.gov (type your zip code to see watches/warnings at your location) and read the tropical watch/warning text. These watches/warnings will list out conditions that you should be prepared for. These watches/warnings also list out reasonable worst case scenarios you should be ready for at your location. && .LONG TERM... (Friday Night through Monday) Issued at 354 PM EDT Tue Sep 24 2024 Helene will be out of the region by the start of this long term period. We can expect to return to typical conditions for late September with highs in the mid-80s with overnight lows in the upper 60s/low 70s. PoPs chances will be low during the weekend but the upper level trough from before the hurricane will be moving east/northeast across the eastern one-third of the U.S. pushing a frontal boundary across the TAE CWA that may increase rain chances to about 30% by the end of the long term. && .AVIATION... (00Z TAFS) Issued at 805 PM EDT Tue Sep 24 2024 Flying conditions this evening are fairly tame, with mid-level convective debris clouds decreasing and affecting some terminals. Overnight, southerly flow aloft will increase somewhat, bringing a more richly moist and moderately unstable air mass north off the Gulf. This will interact with a surface boundary over the Panhandle and southeast Alabama to bring a blossoming of convection over ECP before sunrise, expanding north to DHN after sunrise. TLH and ABY will be near the eastern edge of convection through the morning. On Wednesday afternoon, rain-cooled air near ECP and DHN may bring a decrease in convection, but areas that did not previously see thunder will see convection and perhaps thunder bubbling up in the afternoon. && .MARINE... Issued at 1110 PM EDT Tue Sep 24 2024 At 11 pm EDT Tuesday, the center of Tropical Storm Helene was located over the far northwest Caribbean Sea. Helene will move northward across the eastern Gulf on Wednesday and Thursday, rapidly strengthening to a major hurricane before making landfall along the Big Bend Coast late Thursday. Helene will quickly move inland on Friday, so conditions will improve over the waters. Gentle to moderate southwest breezes will prevail this weekend, as a large area of low pressure spins over the Lower Mississippi Valley. && .FIRE WEATHER... Issued at 354 PM EDT Tue Sep 24 2024 Fire weather concerns are minimal over the next 3 days as rain chances markedly increase from a frontal system moving into the MS Valley, followed by the arrival of TC Helene late this week. For Wednesday, showers and thunderstorms mainly focus west of the Apalachicola River basin. Some may be strong to severe capable of gusty/damaging winds, and locally heavy rain. On Thursday, tropical moisture surging off the Gulf from the approaching Helene is expected to bring squally weather with conditions deteriorating ahead of landfall somewhere along the NE Gulf coast as a likely major hurricane. Hurricane conditions are possible across the FL Big Bend while tropical storm conditions are possible for eastern portions of the FL Panhandle. Widespread wetting rains are expected with potential for flash flooding (locally considerable). Very high dispersions are forecast on Friday thanks to breezy gradient winds from Helene`s large circulation despite pulling away from the region. && .HYDROLOGY... Issued at 354 PM EDT Tue Sep 24 2024 Primary focus continues to on the approach of Tropical Storm Helene to the region. The system has the potential to bring significant rain to the region, even accounting for its fast forward motion as it nears the Florida Big Bend. Model guidance has been in good agreement that a precursor event of heavy rainfall will overspread the Florida Big Bend and Panhandle Wednesday evening with the bulk of the rainfall arriving later on Thursday. This will lead to some heavy rainfall totals across North Florida and South Georgia totaling 5 to 10 inches of rain with isolated maximum totals approaching 10 to 15 inches. The entire forecast area is included in a Moderate risk for flash flooding (level 3 out of 4) for Thursday. It is possible that this risk level is increased in future outlooks. Nonetheless, these amounts will lead to considerable urban flash flooding along with the potential for moderate flooding, especially on the Ochlockonee River Basin. Depending on where the heaviest rains are distributed inland, it is entirely possible that other river basins could experience moderate riverine flooding in the days ahead. For storm surge information, please refer to the latest information from the National Hurricane Center. This is an extremely dangerous storm surge threat in the Apalachee Bay. Storm Surge around Apalachee Bay will not just merely be a coastal event in this system, but will spread many miles inland. If ordered to evacuate, heed the advice of local emergency managers - it could save your life! && .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Spotter activation is not requested. However, spotters are always encouraged to safely report significant weather conditions when they occur by calling the office or tweeting us @NWSTallahassee. && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... Tallahassee 73 86 72 79 / 10 50 90 90 Panama City 75 85 72 79 / 30 80 90 90 Dothan 71 85 70 76 / 30 70 90 90 Albany 73 87 72 78 / 10 50 80 90 Valdosta 71 88 72 81 / 0 30 80 90 Cross City 73 90 73 85 / 0 60 90 90 Apalachicola 77 84 73 81 / 40 70 100 100 && .TAE WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... FL...Flood Watch from Wednesday evening through Friday morning for FLZ007>019-026>029-034-108-112-114-115-118-127-128-134. Tropical Storm Warning for FLZ011>013-112. Hurricane Warning for FLZ014>019-026>029-034-114-115-118-127-128- 134. Storm Surge Warning for FLZ027-115-118-127-128-134. High Rip Current Risk through late Friday night for FLZ114-115. GA...Flood Watch from Wednesday evening through Friday morning for GAZ120>131-142>148-155>161. Tropical Storm Watch for GAZ120>131-142>144-155. Hurricane Watch for GAZ145>148-156>161. AL...Flood Watch from Wednesday evening through Friday morning for ALZ065>069. Tropical Storm Watch for ALZ067-069. GM...Tropical Storm Warning for GMZ750-770. Hurricane Warning for GMZ730-752-755-765-772-775. && $$ NEAR TERM...IG3 SHORT TERM...Montgomery LONG TERM....Montgomery AVIATION...Haner MARINE...Haner FIRE WEATHER...IG3 HYDROLOGY...Godsey