Forecast Discussions mentioning any of "HRRR" "RAP" "RUC13" "RUC" "RR" received at GSD on 07/31/24


Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service La Crosse WI
1047 PM CDT Tue Jul 30 2024 .KEY MESSAGES... - Periodic storm chances continue through Thursday. Confidence in timing/location of storms remains lower, but the higher chances for storms look to be Wednesday night into Thursday (60-80%). A few severe storms, including locally heavy rain, are possible. - Very warm, humid conditions will continue through late week. Peak heat indices in the 90s to locally near 100 expected Wednesday. && .UPDATE... Issued at 800 PM CDT Tue Jul 30 2024 Based on latest observational and guidance trends, have greatly reduced the coverage and magnitude of the precipitation forecast for tonight. Late afternoon storms that developed over north-central Wisconsin are gradually decaying with the loss of daytime heating and increasing subsidence/loss of shear in the wake of a upper level shortwave axis that is now moving into the UP of Michigan. Meanwhile, to the south, the airmass over central and eastern Iowa is still recovering in the wake of today`s MCS, though a mid-level ACCAS field over western Iowa would indicate that destabilization is starting to take place. The skies are devoid of any low to mid-level clouds northeast of a Sioux City to Des Moines line and with neutral to even rising height tendencies tonight, there is little to indicate that the instability will surge northward overnight. The last 6 hours of HRRR runs have latched onto this idea with a new MCS developing around midnight in central Iowa and tracking ESE. This would once again place the forecast area within general subsidence and minimal risk for storms north of Highway 18. Therefore, have coordinated a scaling back of the PoPs into Wednesday morning with confidence in the afternoon pattern hinging on how the overnight storms behave. && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 241 PM CDT Tue Jul 30 2024 This Evening-Wednesday: A lower predictability weather pattern continues through mid-week with weak large-scale forcing, some capping, and mesoscale boundaries/waves providing lift for storms regionally. Early afternoon radar loops showed decaying showers across southern Minnesota as low- level moisture transport weakened and boundary layer stabilization occurred in the wake of convection sliding south across southeast Iowa. Additional storms were occurring with a MCV passing east across northern Wisconsin. Although RAP soundings maintain some inhibition through the afternoon, relatively lower CIN is indicated across parts of central/north- central Wisconsin. A few storms could not be ruled out late this afternoon/evening, especially across north-central/central Wisconsin, but this evolution/coverage is uncertain. With effective shear increasing to 30-40 kts and MLCAPE reaching 1500-2500 J/kg, a conditional risk for a strong/severe storm with wind/hail and localized heavy rain exists if storms form (20-30% chance). Another weak wave ejecting from the northern plains may result in additional showers/storms overnight/early Wednesday across parts of the region. There is some uncertainty in how this convection evolves (timing and location), but right now the higher chances look to be south of I-90 with the axis of strongest moisture transport generally favored across Iowa. Beyond these storms, there is not a clear signal for additional daytime storms through much of the day on Wednesday as transient shortwave ridging builds into the area. Assuming little interference from storms, a hot/humid day is expected with heat indices into the 90s for most, perhaps near 100 in a few areas. Early morning fog is possible again late tonight, particularly in valleys, if skies remain clear overnight in some areas. Wednesday Night-Thursday: A pronounced mid-level trough will approach from the northern plains Wednesday night, slowly progressing across the Upper Mississippi Valley Thursday. Areas of showers/storms may develop from the west Wednesday night ahead of the wave with shower/storm chances persisting through Thursday when forcing from the wave is maximized. High precipitable water values nearing 2" and deep warm cloud depths will favor locally heavy rainfall, especially with slower-moving storms. Some potential would exist for severe storms Wednesday evening/night if MCS development occurs Wednesday afternoon to the west and is maintained eastward into the area. Additional showers/storms are likely beneath the trough on Thursday, but weak deep layer shear may be a limiting factor for organized stronger storms. Friday-Tuesday: A typical summertime pattern will persist late this week into early next week with a large mid/upper ridge centered over the Rockies and northwest flow aloft along its eastern periphery extending into the Upper Midwest. A modestly drier, more seasonable airmass is expected, especially by late weekend into early next week. Predictability of shower/storm chances in this regime is low, influenced by any waves sliding southeast along the edge of the ridge. Overall, the signal for rain among EPS members is minimized over the weekend with 20-40% shower/storm chances early next week. && .AVIATION /06Z TAFS THROUGH 06Z THURSDAY/... Issued at 1045 PM CDT Tue Jul 30 2024 IFR to LIFR fog may develop along and east of the Mississippi River valley after 07-09Z tonight, though the thickness and coverage of the fog will be driven by the the degree of high clouds overnight. The fog/low ceilings lift by 13-14Z with VFR conditions through the late afternoon. The risk for showers and thunderstorms increases from west to east after 22Z, with the greatest risk for storms occurring overnight and into early Thursday morning. Winds during the period will be around 5-10 kts from the south to southeast, except around thunderstorms. && .ARX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... WI...None. MN...None. IA...None. && $$ UPDATE...Skow DISCUSSION...JM AVIATION...Skow
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Des Moines IA
642 PM CDT Tue Jul 30 2024 ...Updated for the 00z Aviation Discussion... .KEY MESSAGES... - Low confidence in details, but the overall pattern continues to support several rounds of thunderstorms into Wednesday night with severe weather and heavy rains possible. - Excessive heat is expected to build into central and southern IA Wednesday, but that is conditional on overnight and early Wed convective trends - Seasonal heat and humidity, but drier, less active weather to end the week and the weekend && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 347 PM CDT Tue Jul 30 2024 Our weather looks to remain active through at least Wednesday night with IA on the northern fringe of southern Plains upper level ridging, and the southern edge of the westerlies and PV trough axis which currently extends from UT into NE. A mainly wind producing MCS and its associated mesohigh pushed outflow out of the state and into MO where it is currently reinforcing the synoptic scale warm front. This has led to the cancellation of all previous Heat Advisories. However elevated convection continues to fester southeast of the Des Moines metro, likely driven by baroclinicity and warm advection toward 700 mb. Model guidance has been doing very poorly with details on convective timing and location, including incorrectly not expecting much at all at the moment. This leads more to nowcast tools and pattern recognition to try and pin down trends into tonight. The current elevated convection is likely giving a clue to where the elevated boundary will fire again tonight with lingering mid based clouds over northeast NE as well. While it doesnt appear to be strong, the latest RAP guidance suggests 0-2km moisture convergence will linger essentially along the NW-SE axis that is currently active. 850mb moisture continues to pool upstream across NE, and while it will not be strong (20-30kts), it should be sufficient for typical nocturnal/warm advection development upstream through the MO Valley later this evening. There does not seem to be much potential for surface based development anytime soon with the lack of cumulus development upstream. Much like the recent past a forward propagating wind producing MCS seems to be the most likely scenario later tonight, per the SPC Enhanced Risk. For instance, the 18z HRRR sounding at Carroll for late this evening is somewhat alarming with 3-4K J/kg MUCAPEs, 1200 J/kg DCAPEs, and 50kts of effective shear in an elongated hodograph. Heavy rains are also in play. While the 12Z HREF and its members dont` seem to have much utility it trying to pin down details, most members suggest some form of an MCS with heavy rain potential and 24hr localized probability matched mean noting the potential for isolated 2-5. Thus have issue a Flood Watch for excessive rain/flash flooding in a NW-SE axis, relatively lined up with where heavy rains have fallen over the past few days. More hydro details in the Hydrology section below. Looking ahead into tomorrow confidence remains low. The general synoptic pattern begins changing with a bit more amplitude and a transition to southwest flow. This may be more conducive for the warm front and thermal ridge building into IA, and would result in 105-110F heat indices building into the state. However this is somewhat conditional as what occurred today is still in play with the potential for an overnight MCS surging outflow southward. The heat index forecasts tomorrow are tough to ignore, so have played a middle ground and issued a Heat Advisory for Wednesday afternoon. An upgrade to an Excessive Heat Warning and cancellation are both unfortunately in play as well depending on overnight convective trends. The forecast into the evening becomes a little more straight-forward with synoptic scale forcing helping to drive convection along and ahead of the approaching cold front. With extreme instability and more than sufficient effective shear, an Enhanced Risk of severe weather seems appropriate per SPC. The weather should turn less active into Thursday, although chances for showers and a few storms will linger north and east as the current ID/MT upper wave deepens into the Upper MS Valley. For the end of the week and into the weekend, our current southern Plains ridge builds into the Rockies with surface high pressure and weak northwest flow in place Friday into Saturday. && .AVIATION /00Z TAFS THROUGH 00Z THURSDAY/... Issued at 642 PM CDT Tue Jul 30 2024 VFR conditions remain across the terminals this evening, with mainly high clouds over portions of central into southern Iowa. The main concern is the remaining potential for showers and storms, which look to arrive into the region later this evening into Wednesday morning. Uncertainty remains on the higher end at this time in terms of exact timing and coverage, though given recent trends would expect most activity to impact mainly KDSM and KOTM, but will continue to keep a close eye on how conditions evolve over the next several hours. Would expect periods of lowered ceilings and reduced visibilities at times with any storms that move through the area. Additional shower and storm activity is possible into the afternoon to evening Wednesday, though will depend on the outcome of the previous activity. && .HYDROLOGY... Issued at 347 PM CDT Tue Jul 30 2024 Once again flash flooding will be possible from this afternoon into at least Wednesday. In spite of maturing crops (which usually limit flash flood potential this time of year), recent heavy rainfall has led to elevated soil moisture values (and thus elevated flash flood concerns) across much of the CWA. Right now the NASA SPoRT 4-inch soil moisture as well as CREST and SAC-SMA upper-level soil moisture parameters all agree on elevated soil moisture values roughly north of a line from Sioux City to Winterset to Centerville. While soil moisture values are elevated across much of the CWA north of this line, the most elevated values are roughly within a 75-mile band north of that line. In this area the soil moisture values are elevated such that flash flooding concern is significantly higher than normal. With this aforementioned 75-mile wide band, it will take significantly less rainfall than typical for this time of year to produce flash flooding. Flash flood guidance values within this region are as low as 1.7 inches over three hours which could easily be achieved and exceeded with the potential rainfall through Wednesday. Even outside this 75-mile band if the rain is heavy enough then flash flooding would be possible elsewhere across the CWA especially within a 125-mile band north of the aforementioned line. Of course urban flooding will be a concern as well regardless of location with the heavy rainfall amounts that are possible. In terms of potential river flooding, it would be heavily dependent on the amount, location and timing of the heavy rainfall. Although the rivers in the area of most concern through Wednesday have recovered significantly from the high stages associated with the flooding last month into the early part of this month, much of the Des Moines, Skunk and Cedar/Iowa River basins are still reporting above (76 to 90th percentile) to much above normal (greater than 90th percentile) flows for this time of year. Right now the most likely scenario according to QPF hydrograph ensemble and HEFS guidance is that there would be minor to moderate rises on area rivers with isolated moderate to significant rises possible in isolated areas. Make sure to stay up to date on the latest forecasts and river information, avoid flooded areas and rivers, and never drive around barricades or through flooded areas. && .DMX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... Heat Advisory from 1 PM to 7 PM CDT Wednesday for IAZ033>035- 044>048-057>061-070>075-081>086-092>097. Flood Watch through Wednesday morning for IAZ034>036-045>049- 058>062-072>075-085-086-097. && $$ DISCUSSION...Small AVIATION...Bury HYDROLOGY...Zogg
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Detroit/Pontiac MI
1154 PM EDT Tue Jul 30 2024 .KEY MESSAGES... - Warm and humid conditions will persist through Friday. - There is a chance of thunderstorms each day this week. Strong to severe thunderstorms will be possible both Wednesday and Thursday. && .AVIATION... Conditions overnight marked by a moist near surface environment and diminishing gradient flow within the backdrop of weak surface ridging. Assuming higher level cloud cover from ongoing convection upstream remains sufficiently thin, this environment will support some degree of fog formation late tonight. Forecast will maintain a conservative outlook with visibility restriction holding at 3-5 miles, but a brief dip below this level remains plausible at one or more terminals early Wednesday morning. A moist and unstable environment may encourage a low coverage of convection late Wednesday, but confidence in occurrence remains very low attm. For DTW/D21 Convection...Conditions may prove favorable for a low coverage of thunderstorms to develop over the airspace late Wednesday afternoon and evening. DTW THRESHOLD PROBABILITIES... * Low for thunderstorms late Wednesday afternoon and evening * Low for ceiling 5000 ft or less Wednesday afternoon and evening. && .PREV DISCUSSION... Issued at 356 PM EDT Tue Jul 30 2024 DISCUSSION... An upper-level shortwave and associated MCV now resides over western Ontario, where broad mid-level subsidence has filled in within its wake across western Michigan. For the remainder of the afternoon and evening hours, shortwave ridging will briefly fill in over MI, in response to a secondary shortwave that is located over northern Wisconsin. This will maintain dry conditions for most locations, outside of the exiting activity near the eastern Thumb and Metro region. Will retain low PoPs (15%) through portions of the Tri- Cities and Flint region this evening to account for weak low level convergence that holds this evenig.The main response with this will likely just be some increasing cumulus with the tail-end of daytime heating, but cannot rule out stray showers. A weak cap along with the building subsidence and expansive dry layer aloft are major inhibiting factors for any meaningful precipitation chances. Overnight, the continuation of dry weather is expected, with clearing trends leading to the chance for fog development. The aforementioned shortwave/MCV over northern Wisconsin is riding along the instability and will outpace the instability reservoir, with expectation that convection will dwindle as it paces into northern lower Michigan. A secondary complex is expected to initiate over NE/IA, where a large reservoir of CAPE resides. The nocturnal jet will likely fuel a MCS that will track into IL/IN. The integrity of this system will be challenged leading into the mid to late morning hours once the intensity of the nocturnal llj wanes and orientation of the jet turns a more unfavorable W-E. Nearly all hi-res models outside of the NAM12 track this system south of the state line, so impacts from this direct system itself are low but will be worth monitoring overnight. Any type of impacts across SE MI would likely be sourced from two MCS derived outflow boundaries or land/lake differential heating boundaries to lake breezes. Hi-res models provide an assortment of plausible scenarios pertaining to the above, which is not atypical in this high dew point/weaker forcing scenario. Instability will build towards 1,500 J/kg through tomorrow afternoon and evening while deep layer shear approaches 30 knots. Storm relative hodographs showcase weak 0-1 km shear but subtle elongation between 1-3 km with a good degree of streamwiseness, w.r.t the rap output. This will support the marginal chance to see strong to severe storm development for all of SE MI. Storm modes can range between isolated pulse, multicluster, or possibly small linear with bowing segments given the unidirectional flow in the low to mid levels. Wind gusts to 60-70 mph will be the primary threat, with hail to an inch as a secondary threat. Steep low level lapse rates and DCAPE aoa 1000 help support wind as the primary threat. But again, this is a conditional, lower confidence setup, and thus will retain about a 40% PoP chance, noting the possibility of strong storm intensification. Any precipitation chances will dwindle through Thursday morning as another shortwave ridge builds into the Great Lakes. Otherwise, highs in the mid to upper 80s are expected through the afternoon, and with dewpoints approaching or hitting 70, it will feel very humid outside. Thursday evening into Friday morning will feature another chance for showers and thunderstorms, specifically from an MCS that is expected to develop from a passing shortwave across the northern Plains. This system retains a chance to impact portions of the southern Great Lakes, but the exact evolution of the system remains dampened this far out. Still, southwest flow across the Plains and western Midwest will fuel convection chances, supporting a moisture rich airmass that extends into Michigan. This will again support a marginal chance for severe weather where damaging wind gusts would be the primary concern. Hot conditions with highs in the upper 80s are again expected Thursday afternoon. MARINE... Remnant showers and a few rumbles of thunder persist this afternoon with the departure of a low pressure system into Southern Ontario. Gusts largely hold below 15 knots the rest of today and weaken overnight with light winds backing westerly in the wake of the low. Unsettled conditions return as early as Wednesday afternoon with the potential for convective outflows to initiate a few storms before low pressure approaches from The Plains. Some differences in model track remain, therefore the storm/precip coverage over Lake Huron carries less certainty than western Lake Erie and the connecting waterways. Isolated strong storms are possible with some of this activity which presents an opportunity for localized wind/wave concerns. && .DTX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... MI...None. Lake Huron...None. Lake St Clair...None. Michigan waters of Lake Erie...None. && $$ AVIATION.....MR DISCUSSION...AM MARINE.......KGK You can obtain your latest National Weather Service forecasts online at www.weather.gov/detroit.
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Kansas City/Pleasant Hill MO
1100 PM CDT Tue Jul 30 2024 .KEY MESSAGES... - Dangerous heat expected through Thursday. - A few chances for severe thunderstorms, mainly for northern portions of MO through Wednesday. && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 329 PM CDT Tue Jul 30 2024 In the upper levels, there is broad ridging over the southern CONUS with troughing in the Great Lakes and Northeast. At the surface, there are two lows: one to the north over IA and one over western KS. These lows and their associated frontal boundaries will provide multiple chances for showers and storms through Wednesday. Since Monday, an 850-mb thermal ridge has set up to the west over the Great Plains, indicative of the excessive heat encompassing much of the central U.S. early this week. An excessive heat warning remains in effect through Wednesday evening for the entire CWA. Heat indices may exceed 110 degrees F across the area during the afternoon hours; however, the presence of storms may locally mitigate excessive heat, at least temporarily. Overnight into Wednesday morning, a vorticity maximum will progress eastward through the northern and central Plains. Convection- allowing models are depicting convection developing in the vicinity of this perturbation as it progresses through the central U.S. However, exactly when and where storms develop is highly uncertain, with CAMs in unusually poor agreement spatially and temporally through tomorrow. For example, comparison of the 18z HRRR and NAM Nest is enlightening. The NAM Nest simulates convection in central Nebraska moving east-southeastward into northwest Missouri tonight, whereas the HRRR dissipates these storms before coming close to our region. Meanwhile, more storms develop in Iowa tonight, but the HRRR and NAM Nest have timing disagreement of 4-6 hours and very different evolutions overall, providing little confidence to thunderstorm coverage/timing anywhere in our region through Wednesday morning. Meanwhile, another stronger perturbation moves through the region by tomorrow evening, with another round of convection expected to develop in the central Plains. CAMs depict such convection moving into our CWA by tomorrow evening, although large discrepancies remain on overall timing and severity. As of now, SPC has a northwestern corner of MO clipped in a slight risk for severe thunderstorms tomorrow. MUCAPE values ranging from 3,000-4,000 J/kg and lapse rates approaching 8 degrees C/km suggest plenty of instability. The limiting factor for these storms seems to be the shear. Shear over our area ranges from 15-25 knots which suggest storms may remain somewhat disorganized and pulse-like in nature. Current model guidance suggests most of the convection remaining north of I-70, but as alluded to above, confidence is rather low. Damaging winds and small hail seem to be the primary hazards. For Thursday, a surface low to our northeast dips farther south shifting our winds to the north. This will result in a welcomed decrease in temperatures across the region, along with a prolonged period of dry weather. However, expect temperatures to still remain a few degrees above seasonal norms. High temperatures heading through the weekend are expected to stay around the low to mid 90s. && .AVIATION /06Z TAFS THROUGH 06Z THURSDAY/... Issued at 1055 PM CDT Tue Jul 30 2024 Clear conditions and southerly winds currently prevailing at all terminals. Gusts between 20-25 knots anticipated at all terminals by the afternoon tomorrow, as well as the development of diurnal cu. Winds will remain southerly as gusts fall off during the evening, with lower ceilings ahead of an oncoming boundary from the northwest. Winds expected to briefly turn towards the northwest with the passage of this boundary, with ceilings possibly lowering to MVFR. There is greater confidence that this boundary will bring prevailing weather to all terminals, but keeping this mention out of the TAFs for now, as overall performance of CAMs has remained poor the past several days. Specific details such as placement, timing, and intensity may become clearer with later forecast periods. && .EAX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... MO...Excessive Heat Warning until 7 PM CDT Thursday for MOZ028-029- 037-043-053. Excessive Heat Warning until 7 PM CDT Wednesday for MOZ001>008- 011>017-020>025-030>033-038>040-044>046-054. Heat Advisory from 7 PM Wednesday to 7 PM CDT Thursday for MOZ020>022-030>033-038>040-044>046-054. KS...Excessive Heat Warning until 7 PM CDT Thursday for KSZ025-057- 060-103>105. Excessive Heat Warning until 7 PM CDT Wednesday for KSZ102. && $$ DISCUSSION...Collier AVIATION...SPG/Blair
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service El Paso Tx/Santa Teresa NM
544 PM MDT Tue Jul 30 2024 ...New AVIATION... .SYNOPSIS... Issued at 154 PM MDT Tue Jul 30 2024 Daily afternoon and evening shower and thunderstorm chances will continue through the week, scattered in coverage over the mountains and isolated over the desert lowlands. Temperatures will remain above the seasonal average through the week with highs topping out in low 100s for the El Paso Metro. && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 154 PM MDT Tue Jul 30 2024 Overall, no major changes in the forecast from previous forecast packages with daily afternoon/evening scattered mountain and isolated lowlands shower/storm chances. Current water vapor satellite imagery overlayed with 500mb RAP analysis shows the aforementioned (from over the past few days) high pressure aloft now over eastern TX and the Red River Valley vicinity. Typically, this would be good placement for the high in terms of increased shower/storm coverage across the forecast area. However, looking at the surface analysis, the corresponding surface high is fairly displaced towards the SE from the upper level high. The associated moist surface and low-level flow from Gulf will remain over the eastern half of TX. That said, moisture still remains in place across the region, giving us daily shower/storm chances each afternoon. Afternoon high temperatures for today and tomorrow will be in the upper 90s to low 100s across the desert lowlands, 100-103 for the El Paso metro. By the Thursday/Friday timeframe, the upper level high over east TX will quickly retrograde back to the NW, centering in the CO/UT vicinity. Guidance shows this strengthening upper level high becoming stationary through the long term period, anchoring itself over the Intermountain West. Expect a continuation of daily shower/storm chances through the period, scattered mountain and isolated lowland in terms of coverage. High temperatures through the period remain above the seasonal average, hovering around the 100 degree mark across the lowlands and low 100s for El Paso. && .AVIATION... (00Z TAFS) Issued at 529 PM MDT Tue Jul 30 2024 VFR conditions expected through much of the period with limited thunderstorm activity this afternoon with low chances of storms near TAF sites. Otherwise, mild southwest breezes will continue this afternoon, calming overnight to AOB 10KT. Expect scattered mountain and isolated lowland thunderstorms popping up again tomorrow afternoon. Lingering mid and high level clouds expected over much of the area during the overnight hours. && .FIRE WEATHER... Issued at 154 PM MDT Tue Jul 30 2024 Fire weather concerns remain LOW through the period. Recent monsoonal moisture surges and rainfall have helped, as ERC values below 50th percentile at most sites. Weather wise, scattered shower and storm chances remain in the forecast for the remainder of today and through the work week, with the focus and better coverage over the mountains. Gusty outflow winds, lightning, and wetting rains will be the primary impacts. Temperatures through the period will continue running above the seasonal average with Min RH values each in the 20-40 percent range of the high terrain and 17-30 percent range over the lowlands. Winds will be light and generally diurnal/terrain driven in terms of direction. && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... El Paso 103 80 103 78 / 10 30 20 30 Sierra Blanca 97 72 95 69 / 20 30 40 40 Las Cruces 102 75 101 73 / 10 30 20 20 Alamogordo 100 73 99 72 / 10 10 20 20 Cloudcroft 78 57 75 55 / 40 20 60 20 Truth or Consequences 98 73 98 72 / 20 20 20 10 Silver City 92 67 88 65 / 40 20 60 20 Deming 100 73 98 71 / 10 20 20 20 Lordsburg 97 71 93 70 / 20 20 50 20 West El Paso Metro 101 77 99 76 / 10 30 20 30 Dell City 103 74 101 72 / 10 20 20 20 Fort Hancock 103 75 101 73 / 20 40 40 40 Loma Linda 95 72 93 69 / 10 30 30 30 Fabens 101 77 102 74 / 10 30 30 40 Santa Teresa 100 76 98 74 / 10 30 30 30 White Sands HQ 101 77 100 75 / 10 20 30 20 Jornada Range 100 72 98 72 / 10 20 20 20 Hatch 102 72 100 71 / 20 20 20 20 Columbus 99 76 95 73 / 10 30 30 20 Orogrande 99 73 98 71 / 10 20 20 20 Mayhill 89 62 87 60 / 40 10 50 20 Mescalero 89 62 88 59 / 40 20 50 20 Timberon 88 60 85 57 / 30 20 40 20 Winston 91 61 90 61 / 50 20 50 20 Hillsboro 97 69 95 69 / 30 30 40 20 Spaceport 99 70 98 69 / 20 20 20 20 Lake Roberts 92 62 88 60 / 50 30 70 20 Hurley 95 67 93 65 / 30 20 50 20 Cliff 98 66 98 66 / 40 20 60 20 Mule Creek 94 68 91 67 / 40 20 60 30 Faywood 95 69 92 66 / 30 20 40 20 Animas 96 71 92 70 / 30 40 50 30 Hachita 96 70 92 69 / 20 40 40 30 Antelope Wells 95 69 89 68 / 40 50 60 30 Cloverdale 90 66 83 65 / 40 50 70 40 && .EPZ WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... TX...None. NM...None. && $$ FORECASTER...37-Slusher
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Grand Rapids MI
803 PM EDT Tue Jul 30 2024 .KEY MESSAGES... - Low chance of storms through Wednesday night - Showers/storms Thu/Fri, hot and humid, then drier and a bit cooler && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 338 PM EDT Tue Jul 30 2024 - Low chance of storms through Wednesday night To start, we have a few isolated showers re-firing near/east of U.S. 127 related to last night`s shortwave which is still nearby (combined with diurnal heating/1500-2000 Capes). Will carry a 20 pop for a shower or storm through sunset for Clare/Mt Pleasant down to LAN/JXN. Unfortunately this remains a low confidence forecast in terms of convective potential/coverage and timing over the next 36 hrs in very warm/unstable environment. CAMs continue to struggle with convective trends in our area, although the main corridor of better shear/instability continues to be focused just to our southwest. Will carry 20-40 pops late tonight into Wednesday/Wednesday night given the potential for any weak shortwaves and/or upstream convective remnants/MCVs to drift through the area, although HRRR forecasts remain dry. - Showers/storms Thu/Fri, hot and humid, then drier and a bit cooler Not much change to the going forecast. Quasi zonal flow will keep the short wave train rolling through Thursday and Friday. The last wave in the train will roll through later Thursday into Friday and is the largest of the last several. Pops will ramp up Thursday afternoon and evening, the diminish a bit with the loss of heating, then ramp up again Friday afternoon before finally moving east Friday night. Chances for severe wx aren`t zero, but not particularly high either. Models do show pockets of higher shear scattered throughout their solutions. Heavy rainfall remains possible with well over 2 inches of precipitable water available Thursday through Friday. Thus, any storms that develop will be prolific rainfall producers and capable of producing localized flooding. Thursday will be hot and humid with highs near 90 and dewpoints in the mid 70s; pretty oppressive. Given the clouds and rain, Friday won`t be as oppressive. Conditions will improve Friday night through the weekend as the short wave moves out and somewhat drier air moves in. Highs will fall into the lower to mid 80s by early next week. Humid conditions will remain as dewpoints in the lower to mid 60s will remain entrenched over the region. && .AVIATION /00Z TAFS THROUGH 00Z THURSDAY/... Issued at 803 PM EDT Tue Jul 30 2024 Clear skies persist across the area this evening, then higher level cloud cover from storms to the east filters overhead late tonight. A moist and stable environment will support radiational fog development prior to sunrise Wednesday morning should upper level cloud cover remain thin enough, with visibility mainly down to 3 to 5 miles. Pockets of convection may develop Wednesday afternoon but confidence remains low. Overall mainly VFR expected with pockets of MVFR fog just prior to sunrise Wednesday morning. && .MARINE... Issued at 338 PM EDT Tue Jul 30 2024 In general, relatively tranquil conditions expected to continue on Lk MI the next few days in terms of winds/waves. However the very warm and humid air mass could support some fog patches at times as well as a few bouts of thunderstorm activity. Any storms could lead to times of briefly increased winds/waves, although the timing/coverage of potential thunderstorm events is currently low confidence. && .GRR WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... MI...None. MARINE...None. && $$ DISCUSSION...Meade/04 AVIATION...Thielke MARINE...Meade
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Huntsville AL
835 PM CDT Tue Jul 30 2024 ...New NEAR TERM... .NEAR TERM... (Tonight) Issued at 834 PM CDT Tue Jul 30 2024 Luckily, the MCS that brought many strong to severe thunderstorms to central and eastern TN into central Georgia earlier this afternoon and early this evening moved just east of northern AL and our southern middle Tennessee counties. A weak convergence boundary extends NNW west from that activity just east of the I-65 corridor. Only isolated to scattered showers (mainly isolated) have occurred along this boundary this evening. However, upstream of our area a second convective complex has formed over southwestern Kentucky that is moving southeast towards the area. Additional scattered strong to severe thunderstorms have already developed in north central Tennessee ahead of this activity. HRRR and RAP14 seem to show an increase in 700 mb forcing pushing into southern middle Tennessee between 3Z and 6Z. Expect this is likely with that complex of convection moving southeast at this time. The storm complex will be moving into an unstable airmass even into the 10 PM to midnight period based on current dewpoints and model forecast CAPE. Given forecast shear of 25 to 35 knots possibly clipping areas near and east of the I-65 corridor when this convection moves into southern middle Tennessee, think a strong to severe thunderstorm potential could continue later between 11 PM and 4 AM as this activity moves into southern middle Tennessee and into northern Alabama. Damaging winds and frequent lighting would be the main threats, but small hail could occur. A watch severe thunderstorm watch will be issued shortly that will be in effect through 2 AM. This watch may be extended if the convective storms hold their intensity overnight. Thus, have increase Pop to between 30 and 60 percent toward midnight into the 3 or 4 AM timeframe near and east of the I-65 corridor. There is some question how far west this activity will extend at this time. && .SHORT TERM... (Wednesday through Thursday) Issued at 110 PM CDT Tue Jul 30 2024 On Wednesday, the upr ridge will expand farther eastward into the OH/TN Valley regions. This will lead to an increased risk for hot temperatures and dangerous heat indices as a high dew point air mass remains in the region. Heat indices are likely to exceed 105 F in most locations on Wed afternoon. The same can be said for Thursday as the ridge and low-lvl temps increase perhaps a bit further ahead of a short wave beginning to dig into the Midwest from the norther. The expansion of the ridge will tend to encapsulate the region in a more westerly upr flow regime, more effectively pushing NW flow and chances for showers and thunderstorms mainly to our east. Due to uncertainty with the specific extension of the ridging and potential for outflows from convection, we have retained slight chance/chance POPs in the east for both days. Due to increased confidence in meeting heat advisory criteria, a Heat Advisory has been issued for all counties for tomorrow and into Thursday. && .LONG TERM... (Thursday night through Monday) Issued at 200 AM CDT Tue Jul 30 2024 Friday looks to be the last day of heat indices near or exceeding Heat Advisory criteria as high pressure begins to retrograde to the west. This will place us under the influences of NW flow, a more favorable pattern for additional rain and storms. Low PoPs are introduced Friday afternoon and maintained through the weekend as a trough swings through the Ohio Valley. Diurnal heating will be able to take advantage of the favorable pattern allowing for scattered showers and storms each afternoon. While there are no significant severe signals right now, this weekend will need to be monitored through the week for MCS potential given the favorable pattern. Models indicate high pressure building back east through the day on Monday with flow transitioning to the NNE. && .AVIATION... (00Z TAFS) Issued at 711 PM CDT Tue Jul 30 2024 Winds around 6 knots from the west will become light and variable this evening after 02Z or 03Z. Uncertainty still exists towards midnight whether a complex of showers/storms may approach KHSV arnd 31/06Z, but will not formally include for now. Did include a tempo group for BKN VFR CIGS between 5Z and 9Z at both terminals. May have to add prob30 group or temp group for -TSRA activity if the convective complex develops upstream and maintains itself SE in future updates. If so, would more likely be at KHSV and some MVFR to IFR CIGS or VSBYS could be possible. && .HUN WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... AL...Heat Advisory from noon Wednesday to 7 PM CDT Thursday for ALZ001>010-016. TN...Heat Advisory from noon Wednesday to 7 PM CDT Thursday for TNZ076-096-097. && $$ NEAR TERM...KTW SHORT TERM....KDW LONG TERM....RAD AVIATION...KTW
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Northern Indiana
737 PM EDT Tue Jul 30 2024 .KEY MESSAGES... - Low confidence in the next 24 to 36 hours in regards to timing, coverage, intensity, and track of thunderstorms. - Better chances for showers and thunderstorms Thursday through Saturday. Thursday afternoon and evening looks like it will be the best chance for strong to severe storms. - Very hot and humid midweek with highs in the upper 80s to low 90s and dewpoints in the mid to upper 70s. Peak afternoon heat indices may be as high as the upper 90s Wednesday and Thursday, but this is highly dependent on coverage of showers and storms. && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 209 PM EDT Tue Jul 30 2024 The weak trough that moved through the area last night continues to slowly move off to the east with a stationary boundary just south of the CWA. Subsidence behind the trough should limit any convection today from developing into more organized showers and thunderstorms. The partly cloudy skies and high dew points should allow high temperatures today to reach well into the 80s with heat indices well into the 90s. This hot and humid pattern will persist until at least Thursday. With highs in the upper 80s to low 90s, dewpoints in the mid to upper 70s, and heat indices in the 90s, conditions will remain just below headline criteria on Wednesday and Thursday. Forecast heat indices are a bit lower than previous forecasts; they are now in the mid to upper 90s as opposed to the lower 100s due to increasing confidence in showers and storms Wednesday and Thursday. Today, the axis of highest wind shear exists from about southern MN to southern IL. As currently seen on visible satellite imagery in Iowa and southern Illinois, storm complexes should form and drift southeastward along this corridor, and they should remain well southwest of our CWA today. Some scattered showers and storms cannot be totally ruled out through this evening with high humidity and decent CAPE, but better chances for more organized rain chances will likely have to wait until Wednesday morning/afternoon. In general, this forecast is quite complicated and filled with uncertainty. Mesoscale models often struggle at resolving short term trends and development of MCSs and how these complexes affect instability in the atmosphere. Regardless, over the next couple of days, there appear to be two distinct, but subtle, mid-level trough features that rotate southeastward along the periphery of the large ridge to our southwest. By tonight, a weak shortwave trough should begin progressing through Nebraska and Iowa. Several of the models, such as the HRRR, suggest that this new mid-level feature could be the catalyst for another organized MCS behind our ongoing complexes of storms in Iowa and Illinois. This trough and its associated rain chances should generally move east to east-southeast towards Indiana by late Wednesday morning. However, models disagree heavily on timing, location, and strength. The HRRR keeps this new feature mostly south of the CWA while the GFS keeps it farther north over most of the CWA. It is likely that this feature will be weakening as it moves closer to us, which is denoted by the low, Day 2 Marginal Risk (level 1 of 5) from SPC. There seems to exist the possibility of additional storm formation along remnant outflow boundaries later on Wednesday in localized areas of increased convergence, which should keep rain chances elevated through most of the day. The main risks on Wednesday should be limited to localized damaging winds and heavy rainfall. Our second feature arrives as a more robust trough that dips into the upper midwest late Wednesday/early Thursday. The greatest chances for severe weather comes on Thursday/Thursday night as a deepening, positively tilted upper level trough and associated surface cold front move through. Dewpoints in the mid to potentially even upper 70s will result in ample instability Thursday afternoon and evening. 12Z soundings from the GFS and NAM depict a high CAPE, low shear environment Thursday, with only 20-25 kts of 0- 6 km and MLCAPE of 3000 to 5000 J/kg. Moderately steep low and mid level lapse rates of 6 to 7 C/km and upwards of 1000 J/kg of DCAPE should support a favorable environment for severe weather. Damaging wind gusts appear to be the main threat at the time, but I wouldn`t rule out some hail or a tornado or two. LCLs below 1000m and low level 0-1 km SRH of 100 to 150 m2/s2 could lend to a brief tornado or two occurring, especially if it is embedded in QLCS or cluster of storms. Despite these favorable parameter, severe weather is not 100% certain Thursday as early morning convection and lingering cloud cover could stunt diurnal heating and destabilization later in the day. SPC currently has a Slight Risk (level 2 of 5) for Thursday, which seems warranted given the uncertainty that remains. The severe threat diminishes but showers and storms will linger into Friday and Saturday as the trough closes off. Quiet, dry conditions return Sunday through at least early next week as an area of high pressure sinks south over the Great Lakes region from central Canada. Highs will still be warm in the mid 80s but it will be noticeably less humid with dewpoints in the low 60s. && .AVIATION /00Z TAFS THROUGH 00Z THURSDAY/... Issued at 735 PM EDT Tue Jul 30 2024 Fairly stable flow off Lake MI and a cap as well as large scale subsidence today kept shower/storm potential low and this will likely remain the case in the first 12 hours of this TAF period. West winds allow a more unstable airmass into the area overnight into Wednesday, but the ridge axis also begins moving closer to the area allowing for more instability, but less forcing outside of convectively enhanced boundaries/waves. There is still plenty of uncertainty with short term models and their handling of the convective complexes, but have enough confidence to hold off thunderstorm chances until at least mid to late morning and perhaps even into the afternoon. As far as fog chances go, cross-over temperatures will likely struggle to be met with the increased theta-e advection overnight. One note is that there could be some haze with MVFR reductions with the increased low level moisture and light winds, but do not have the confidence to put it in there with this issuance. && .IWX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... IN...None. OH...None. MI...None. MARINE...None. && $$ DISCUSSION...Johnson AVIATION...Roller
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Chicago/Romeoville, IL
841 PM CDT Tue Jul 30 2024 .KEY MESSAGES... - Periods of thunderstorms expected, especially late tonight into Wednesday morning, Wednesday night into Thursday morning, and Thursday afternoon into the evening, some of which could be strong to severe with damaging winds, large hail and locally heavy rainfall. - Very warm to hot and humid conditions continuing through Thursday outside of cloud cover and precip. influence, then cooler (and at times showery) Friday, and cooler near the lake this weekend. && .UPDATE... Issued at 841 PM CDT Tue Jul 30 2024 Regional satellite imagery depicts a relatively quiet scene in the general area in the wake of several clusters of thunderstorms that rolled from central Iowa and into Kentucky throughout the day. The 00Z DVN RAOB shows a classic "worked over" airmass, with a notable dry pocket from the surface to nearly 500 mb and only modest MUCAPE near 1000 J/kg, driven largely by steep mid-level lapse rates of around 8 K/km from around 850 to 200mb. Looking well upstream of our area, two clusters of thunderstorms are evident across the Plains: the first along the Nebraska and South Dakota border, and the other in central South Dakota. CAM guidance favors one or both clusters growing upscale and racing through Iowa overnight, and charging into west-central Illinois after daybreak tomorrow morning. The HRRR/HRDPS have been more or less locked in on such a forecast scenario for the past 4 to 6 runs, allowing for cautious forecast confidence. The fly in the ointment is an area of expansive ACCAS festering across southwestern and south-central Iowa. Based on RAP-analyzed moisture fields and observed cloud bases from 5000 to 8000 ft, the ACCAS appears to be rooted in a layer of moisture between 925 and 700 mb which is being transported northeasterly via broad southwesterly flow. However, with the moisture pocket "between obs" (that is, between the 00Z OAX and DVN RAOBs), it`s difficult to fully ascertain the integrity and depth of the moisture. With that said, the appreciably large area and increasing depth to cumulus towers does give me concern that convection is right on the cusp of taking off (that is, "activating" the EML), indeed, much earlier than originally forecasted. Although northeasterly transport winds and continued evaporation via early failed attempts to initiate convection will help erode the pocket of dry air sampled by the 00Z DVN RAOB, it is difficult to fully discern just how far northeast the pocket of ACCAS will reach before convection actually takes off (assuming it does). Based on prior experience, we`re probably still 2-4 hours before sustained convection can take hold. Extrapolating the position of the ACCAS field would place explosive thunderstorm development somewhere between Des Moines and the Quad Cities by around midnight, which would then be poised to surge east-southeastward along an outflow- reinforced stationary front draped from southern Iowa through central Illinois. The 18Z HRRR actually looks pretty reasonable in that regard, with thunderstorms erupting near the Quad Cities and shifting southeastward into central Illinois toward or just after midnight. Whatever does develop from the ACCAS field would then be poised to "set the stage" before the MCS that develops out of the aforementioned Nebraska and South Dakota convection after daybreak. Taken altogether, confidence is cautiously increasing that the highest chances for showers and storms tonight and tomorrow morning should be across our western and southern forecast zones, generally from Mendota, IL to Fowler, IN and points southward. With this in mind, did make modest adjustments to PoPs to feature the highest values (40-50%) in those areas. Now, if the ACCAS field fails to convect, the results of upscale growth of the northern Plains convection would be prone to potentially impacting a larger portion of our area tomorrow morning, perhaps as far north as I-88 or even the Wisconsin state line. Needless to say, the forecast will be adjusted as trends evolve overnight. One final thing - we do see the thunderstorms near Green Bay, which appear to now be moving southward toward Illinois. Since the storms are semi-discrete (that is, not contributing to or being forced by a surface cold pool), they will be prone to succumbing to increasing MLCIN. Accordingly, we favor them weakening within the next few hours. Nevertheless, trends will be watched for signs of upscale growth, which in that case, would mean chances for storms in far northern IL would increase (after midnight). Updated products will be sent soon. Borchardt && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 325 PM CDT Tue Jul 30 2024 Through Wednesday: Convectively reinforced stationary front remains from near the KS/NE border south of Omaha, arcing southeast across northern Missouri to near Litchfield IL (south of Springfield) to near Evansville IN. Morning central IL MCS has tracked well off to the southeast into Kentucky, while another loosely-organized MCS was currently following a similar path across west-central IL. Additional likely-elevated convection was occurring across central IA, atop the cold pool from this second MCS. Combination of strongest deep shear and low-level instability (~40 kts effective shear and ~4000 J/kg MLCAPE) was located along and south of the aforementioned frontal boundary, though slightly- elevated convection north of the boundary across western IL will likely continue to track east-southeast and affect southern parts of the cwa mainly south of the I-80 corridor through late afternoon. Can`t completely rule out a risk for some isolated gusty winds with these storms, though the greatest risk of severe weather is expected to remain south of the forecast area in closer proximity to the surface front and associated higher shear/instability parameters. Though CAM guidance continues to show considerable spread in convection coverage tonight into Wednesday, some consensus (and HREF ensemble output) suggests a lull in coverage this evening behind early-evening activity across our south. Re-intensification of a southwesterly low level jet across western IA (in association with a minor-amplitude short wave emerging from western NE/SD) is expected to increase warm/moist advection atop a lingering cold pool and eventual northward-lifting warm front across parts of IA and western IL again from midnight onward. This activity would likely spill into northern IL toward morning as the wave continues to progress eastward and the low level jet veers. There remains considerable spread in northward placement of this convection in CAM guidance however, based on where the effective low-level boundary sets up as well as with some of the timing details (later HRRR runs develop storms along the boundary into central IL as early as midnight, but are slower bringing IA convection into the cwa Wednesday morning). Thus lower confidence remains in the details. Overall, have gone with high-chance (50-55%) pops across northern IL during the pre/post dawn hours, with lower chance pops settling mainly across our south/southeast counties later Wednesday morning/afternoon where the combined outflow/frontal zone is expected to reside. Severe/locally heavy rainfall potential will exist with these storms, especially across our western/southern counties closer to the frontal zone and its associated greater instability/shear corridor. Damaging winds and locally heavy rainfall continue to be the greatest threats, though increasing low level shear would support a QLCS tornado potential for storms which are more surface-based near the boundary. Convective coverage then looks to be fairly low especially across our far northern IL counties Wednesday afternoon, in the wake of the morning MCS. Have maintained higher chance (30-40%) for our far south/southeast areas, closer to the outflow/frontal boundary. Otherwise, warm and humid conditions are expected to continue Wednesday, with highs near/around 90 and peak heat index values in the 95-100F range during the afternoon. Some slight lake breeze cooling is possible along the immediate Lake Michigan shore. Ratzer Wednesday Night through Tuesday: The convective forecast remains quite uncertain through tomorrow (Wednesday) night, but then confidence is increasing in higher t-storm coverage late Thursday afternoon and into the early evening hours. Early Wednesday evening, a warm front, possibly merged with retreating outflow from earlier day convection, will be in the process of lifting north. An initially capped but potentially highly unstable environment will reside near and south of the boundary. With the capping not all that strong, but forcing lacking, best chance of isolated to widely scattered thunderstorms (20-30% PoPs) developing in the ~7-10pm timeframe would be primarily south of I-88. As the low level jet and warm advection/isentropic ascent ramps up in the late evening and early overnight, footprint of scattered storms may expand (40-50% PoPs), with the possible exception of far northeast Illinois. The signal for a (potentially organized) MCS remains for late Wednesday night into Thursday morning among most of the guidance, though its evolution and timing remain highly uncertain. A weakening MCS missing part of the area to a robust MCS with strong to severe wind gusts and a flash flooding threat for an appreciable chunk of the area give an idea on a plausible range of outcomes (and of course in between the above scenarios). Have PoPs and thunder chances peaking at around 50%. MUCAPE of 2-4k J/kg, a shallow near surface stable layer, steepening mid-level lapse rates are factors that may support convective maintenance/intensity at a less diurnally favorable time. On the other hand, the less favorable timing and marginal deep layer effective shear (20-30 kt) could result in steady weakening as the possible/probable MCS moves into our area. Thursday PM`s evolution will undoubtedly be affected by what plays out Wednesday night into Thursday morning, including extent of remnant showers, cloud cover, and placement of effective air mass related to outflow boundaries. Maintained chance PoPs around 30% in the morning, with any lingering early AM storms probably diminishing by the mid to late morning. From Thursday afternoon into the evening, a robust mid-level short-wave will dig southeast across the upper MS Valley, with its weak surface low reflection dragging its trailing cold front through the area. Stronger large scale forcing, frontal convergence, and erosion of capping of strongly unstable air mass (3-4k J/kg of MLCAPE), suggest a favorable window for numerous thunderstorms in roughly the 4pm-9pm timeframe, some of which may be strong to severe. Deep layer shear will once again be marginal at 15-25 kt, though the large instability (including DCAPE) and steep low and mid- level lapse rates will likely support a damaging wind gust and marginally severe hail threat. While low-level wind profiles are generally unfavorable for an appreciable tornado threat, such high dew points (mid-upper 70s) suggest very low LCLs and forecast 0-3km CAPE may be enough for outflow boundary interaction related "funny business". The short-wave trough will become a closed low by early Friday over the interior central or eastern CWA. Convective coverage should steadily diminish in the late evening and overnight as instability quickly wanes. Friday will likely be showery, especially in the morning, due to the proximity of the upper low, with embedded thunder most favored in far interior sections, especially south of I-80. Shower activity may wind down in the afternoon from north-northeast to south-southwest with cooler and slightly drier air working its way inland from the lake. Thus, for interests in downtown Chicago, the afternoon forecast appears to be trending more favorably. Temperatures will top out in the lower 80s inland, and upper 70s near the lake due to onshore flow. A quieter weekend then remains in store, albeit with still above normal temps (mid-upper 80s) and humid conditions away from Lake Michigan. Looking at lower 80s along the immediate lakeshore. With northwest flow aloft around the ever-present strong h5 ridging over the interior West, can`t rule out a threat for storms into the WI state line area toward Sunday evening, though most areas should be dry. The pattern may turn periodically more active again next week, and still very warm/hot and humid until a possible stronger cold front passage beyond Tuesday. Castro && .AVIATION /00Z TAFS THROUGH 06Z THURSDAY/... Issued at 639 PM CDT Tue Jul 30 2024 Current radar imagery depicts a lake breeze situated just east of KMDW and KORD with an outflow boundary to the southwest of KDPA. The lake breeze is slowly advancing west-southwest towards KMDW and KORD while the outflow boundary is advancing to the east-northeast towards the Chicago terminals. Current thinking is that the lake breeze will stall out and not reach the terminals before the outflow boundary intercepts it and kicks it back to the east. However, cannot rule the possibility that the lake breeze crosses KMDW and/or KORD before the outflow boundary can push it to the east. Have handled this scenario playing out with a TEMPO for KMDW through 02Z as this looks like the terminal with a higher chance to see the lake breeze move through given current radar imagery. The next area of concern for the TAF period comes early Wednesday morning as convection is expected near the terminals. Most guidance suggests this convection being primarily south of the terminals, however, cannot rule out the possibility of reduced visibility and heavy rain at any of the terminals. There also remains a possibility that storms may form late this evening on the edge of a highly unstable airmass that is advancing towards the area and persist through much of the night. Although this scenario does exist, it is not the favored solution overnight tonight. Following the potential for morning convection, tomorrow will have relatively few concerns with light southwesterly winds and clearing skies. Towards the end of the 30 hour TAF period for KORD and KMDW, there is another chance for convection, however, confidence is too low at the current time to include a PROB30. Carothers && .LOT WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... IL...None. IN...None. LM...None. && $$ Visit us at weather.gov/chicago
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Twin Cities/Chanhassen MN
1104 PM CDT Tue Jul 30 2024 .KEY MESSAGES... - Hot and humid Wednesday, with widespread heat indices in the mid to upper 90s. Heat index values will approach the low 100s in southwestern Minnesota. - Damaging line of thunderstorms possible Wednesday afternoon and evening. Confidence is highest in the threat of destructive winds across western Minnesota. - Heat sticks around this weekend, but temperatures are forecast to trend cooler (low to mid 80s) for much of next week. && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 251 PM CDT Tue Jul 30 2024 Tuesday afternoon radar imagery is much improved as compared to this morning, when rain and thunderstorms were ongoing across southwestern Minnesota and portions of western Wisconsin. Regional radar display shows the active "ring of fire" pattern driving multiple organized MCS`s from northwest to southeast across the Midwest, generally developing and tracking along the 12c isotherm at 700mb which is well to the south of our forecast area. With this in mind, we expect the skies over south central Minnesota and western Wisconsin to remain quiet for the rest of the day and into the overnight hours. RAP forecast guidance illustrates that the low-level jet will strengthen across south central Iowa tonight, so it`s plausible that isolated to scattered convection may develop on the nose of the jet and move into southern Minnesota. We have included low end PopS to account for this, though the lack of excitement across the CAM suite adds confidence that the dry theme should win out for most locations. The forecast is set to turn in a more active direction to close July tomorrow, with heat, humidity, and severe storms all in the cards. Air temperatures are forecast to warm into the upper 80s/low 90s and combine with tropical dew points in the low to mid 70s to produce widespread heat indices in the upper 90s tomorrow afternoon. Locations in southwestern Minnesota will likely experience a few hours of heat indices in the low 100s. The combination of heat and humidity will create extreme instability, which may fuel strong to severe thunderstorms during the afternoon and evening hours. Wednesday is a little different compared to the past few days, as there will be more pronounced forcing from the advance of an upper- level shortwave trough. Add the ~4000+ J/kg of MLCAPE, a stout EML aloft (mid-level lapse rates of 8.0-9.0 deg/km), and the approach of the upper level forcing together and the setup bears watching for severe thunderstorms capable of producing damaging winds in excess of 70-80+ mph, along with large hail. There are a number of solutions on the table from the 12z HREF reflectivity stamps, but the general idea of a forward propagating MCS developing to the west in the Dakotas is captured across the CAM suite. Where and when convection initiates is in flux at this distance, however we will lean heavily on the northward extent of the theta-e boundary/instability axis for the tracks that an organized MCS may travel along tomorrow. Even if the higher end scenario of a damaging MCS does not materialize, the forcing aloft should be enough for strong convection to blossom across the region. Given the progressive nature of the forcing, the concern for training thunderstorms and a hydro threat will serve as a secondary concern, however it cannot totally be ignored given that PWATs are forecast to climb towards the daily max of sounding climatology. The new SPC Day 2 Outlook reflects the growing concern for a damaging wind threat across the southern half of Minnesota, as the Slight Risk has been expanded north to include most of the area. SPC has introduced an Enhanced Risk across far southwestern Minnesota, northeast Nebraska, and western Iowa, which includes a sliver of southern Martin county. The outlook also includes hatching for significant wind potential across southwestern Minnesota, where confidence in damaging wind is the highest. A Marginal Risk remains in place across western Wisconsin. Confidence is highest in impacts across western Minnesota, with uncertainty in the eastern extent of the threat as supported by SPC`s outlook. In summary, the combination of an extreme thermodynamic environment and approach of the shortwave will create a favorable setup for severe weather Wednesday afternoon and evening. The placement of boundaries from any nocturnal convection and a stationary front tied to a surface low in Nebraska will be key in determining where the threat will be the greatest. This is where the highest uncertainty exists in the forecast at this time, with several guidance members supporting highest threat further to the southwest near the surface low (NE/IA). However, there are members such as the RAP, which have consistently advertised that the theta-e boundary will lift as far north as I-94, which would open the door for a significant threat over much of the Slight Risk area in Minnesota. Should the pieces come together, pattern recognition supports the threat for a forward propagating MCS with significant damaging wind (80+ mph), large hail, an a few brief tornadoes possible. The shortwave will slide east Thursday, however renewed convection appears likely in far eastern Minnesota and western Wisconsin. We have included likely PoPs (60-70%) across the eastern portion of the area. Northwest flow will bring cooler temperatures (low 80s) for highs Thursday afternoon. The amplification of a ~600 dm ridge over western CONUS will allow for temperatures to creep back into the upper 80s and low 90s Friday and Saturday, before large scale northwest flow takes over and drops highs back into the low to mid 80s from the end of the weekend into next week. Dry weather is expected through much of the weekend. A few disturbances slide across the Upper Midwest amid the northwesterly flow next week, which may bring the chance for isolated to scattered showers and storms. && .AVIATION /06Z TAFS THROUGH 06Z THURSDAY/... Issued at 1048 PM CDT Tue Jul 30 2024 Areas of patchy mist/fog are still expected early Wednesday morning through sunrise, mainly in western WI and the river valleys in central MN. CAMs suggest IFR conditions are most likely at EAU before fog clears. A line or cluster of thunderstorms is still expected to move west to east late tomorrow afternoon into the evening. Thus, have kept PROB30s for -TSRA across MN and have included them at WI terminals for the evening hours. One or two CAMs do suggest the possibility of a morning to early afternoon line of storms moving west to east across the area. Then, another line of storms would follow through Wednesday evening. However, forecast confidence is much lower for this solution so have opted not to include it in the TAF. KMSP...Kept PROB30 for -TSRA Wednesday evening with likely showers prevailing after 07Z Thursday. There is a possibility of a thunderstorm during the early morning hours Thursday so have also included a PROB30 for this scenario. /OUTLOOK FOR KMSP/ THU...VFR. Chc MVFR/-TSRA. Wind NW 5-10 kts. FRI...VFR. Wind N 5-10 kts. SAT...VFR. Wind W 5-10 kts. && .MPX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... MN...None. WI...None. && $$ DISCUSSION...Strus AVIATION...CTG
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Marquette MI
655 PM EDT Tue Jul 30 2024 .KEY MESSAGES... - Afternoon showers and non-severe storms taper off into the evening. - Patchy fog possible tonight (50% chance). - Warmer than normal temperatures throughout the work week, best chances (40-60%) for 90 degree highs on Wednesday. - Isolated to scattered showers graze mainly the WI/MI state line and the south central U.P. late Wednesday night through Thursday. - High pressure to bring pleasant summer weather for much of the weekend with a trend toward cooler and less humid conditions. && .SHORT TERM /THROUGH TONIGHT/... Issued at 227 PM EDT Tue Jul 30 2024 Water vapor imagery and RAP analyses show a shortwave ejecting out of the Arrowhead of MN, which is touching off scattered showers and storms over far western Lake Superior and the western UP. Weak synoptic forcing and limited shear preclude any organized strong convection, but with daytime heating, we`ve destabilized quite nicely; several hundred to around 1000j/kg of CAPE is analyzed over the western half of the UP, and higher across the eastern UP where skies have remained mostly sunny so far. So, would not be surprised by the occasional stronger storm with small hail and gusty winds. In fact, storms across NW WI and the western UP have put down gusts near and in excess of 30mph at times. Meanwhile, a cumulus field as popped across the eastern UP, but is quickly eroding behind the lake breezes moving inland from Superior and Lake Michigan. Some agitated cu is already apparent across Chippewa and Mackinac counties, with weak radar returns developing there as well. So, convection may soon develop along the converging lake breezes, with a similar threat for some stronger wind gusts and small hail present into the late afternoon. Once diurnal heating wanes in the evening, showers should decrease and another quiet overnight is expected with some redevelopment of fog, especially over areas that experienced precipitation during the day. Otherwise, expect another fairly mild night as temperatures drop back to around 60F for most of the interior UP, and in the lower to mid 60s near the lakeshores. && .LONG TERM /WEDNESDAY THROUGH TUESDAY/... Issued at 435 PM EDT Tue Jul 30 2024 With a warm airmass of 850mb temps fluxing between 17-21C overhead the next few days, above normal temps continue through the work week and into the weekend. The best chances for 90 degree or higher max temps are on Wednesday (~40-60%), but MOS guidance hints at additional, less widespread, 90s later in the week. This will also keep overnight temps mild in the upper 50s to 60s. Wednesday likely stays dry, but chances for showers and storms increase on Thursday with on and off slight chances then into Friday. A cold front late this weekend brings another round of possible showers and storms. From there, precip looks to come from shortwaves riding through the area. Starting Wednesday, a warm airmass results in likely our hottest overall day across the UP with highs in the 80s to low 90s. With weak sfc ridging extending overhead, a cap noted in model soundings, and a shortwave staying to our south, dry weather is expected. Given SBCAPE of 500-1500 in the afternoon, some diurnal cu development is possible. Lows overnight are expected in the 60s. Meanwhile, a shortwave trough over the northern Rockies tracks east to MN by Thursday morning. An associated sfc low around 1000 mb organizes over NE, moving east-northeast into IA/southern MN. On Thursday, the trough takes a southeast drift over the western Great Lakes bringing the sfc low eastward with it. There still is some uncertainty with the exact sfc low track with the GFS still being the more northern solution, but the recent guidance has trended the track further south and there is better agreement on it tracking along the southern edge of the Great Lakes Basin. For the overall event, the best chances for showers and thunderstorms are Thursday afternoon and evening from resulting PVA and peak diurnal heating. Instability is there with SBCAPE ~1000-2000 J/kg, also mid level lapse rates do increase to around 7C/km during this period. That said, severe weather is unlikely as 0-6km bulk shear stays well below 20 kts so storms will struggle to stay organized. As the low continues through the basin, slight chances for showers and storms continue into Friday, but a more drier pattern is favored. Highs are expected in the upper 70s to 80s Thursday and Friday with lows in the upper 50s to 60s. Moving onto the weekend. The shortwave trough and sfc low depart eastward from the region. A drier period under brief ridging then continues until Saturday night when a weak sfc trough and accompanying cold front drop southeast across the region. This brings a round of showers and storms through the area. Although bulk shear is finally elevated to around 30-40 kts with mid level lapse rates nearing 7C/km, instability will be limited with only a few hundred J/kg of SBCAPE (max of 1000 J/kg) so severe weather isn`t anticipated. Dry weather returns Sunday evening as high pressure passes overhead on Monday. There is some spread on timing/track, but the next expected showers and storms look to accompany a shortwave early next week. Otherwise, cooler northwest flow behind the cold front Saturday night likely brings temperatures back down near normal for the start of the next week. && .AVIATION /18Z TAFS THROUGH 18Z THURSDAY/... Issued at 655 PM EDT Tue Jul 30 2024 CMX should remain VFR through the period. At SAW and IWD, VFR conditions will give way to MVFR or IFR fog later tonight which burns back off Wed morning. && .MARINE... Issued at 435 PM EDT Tue Jul 30 2024 Winds hold mainly below 15 kts through the rest of the work week as a generally weak surface pattern continues with stability over the lake. Next chance of showers won`t be until Wednesday night continuing through Thursday, but confidence remains low (PoPs ~15- 30%). However, if rainfall does occur marine fog formation will be a possibility given high dew points lingering over the area. && .MQT WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... Upper Michigan... None. Lake Superior... Dense Fog Advisory until 8 AM EDT Wednesday for LSZ245-248>251- 265>267. Lake Michigan... None. && $$ SHORT TERM...LC LONG TERM...Jablonski AVIATION...07 MARINE...Jablonski
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Tallahassee FL
901 PM EDT Tue Jul 30 2024 ...New UPDATE... .UPDATE... Issued at 901 PM EDT Tue Jul 30 2024 The previous forecast appears to be on track, and no major changes were made. && .NEAR TERM... (Through Wednesday) Issued at 318 PM EDT Tue Jul 30 2024 Northwest to northerly flow will continue on the downwind side of an upper high spinning over the ArkLaTex. Some mid level dry air will continue through the column, tamping PWATs through much of the area below 2 inches, and opening the door for strong gusty winds in convection into the evening hours and once again on Wednesday. The HRRR is advertising a complex of storms developing late this afternoon and evening with the east coast seabreeze in south central Georgia moving southwest this evening into the northern Gulf of Mexico. Did keep rain chances elevated for this feature into the evening hours and will watch this area if it develops for the next shift. Another hot day in store for Wednesday with highs in the mid 90s with heat index values above advisory levels once again with readings of 108-112F. A heat advisory will be issued for the daytime hours. Much of the convection may be pinned once again to the Florida counties under northerly flow with more isolated airmass convection into the southeast Alabama and southwest Georgia areas. && .SHORT TERM... (Wednesday night through Thursday night) Issued at 318 PM EDT Tue Jul 30 2024 The second half of the week will feature hotter temperatures as highs push into the middle to upper 90s Thursday afternoon. Overnight lows won`t cool off all that much with temperatures settling in the middle to upper 70s. Rain chances won`t be as high as recent days, but will still remain in the forecast, primarily along the sea breeze, Thursday afternoon. The region will be on the eastern edge of a building 597dm H5 ridge to start the period. Being on the eastern edge of the ridge means there remains a chance for a thunderstorm complex to sag south around the edge of it. However, the best chance for rain will remain primarily in Florida along the seabreeze. && .LONG TERM... (Friday through Monday) Issued at 318 PM EDT Tue Jul 30 2024 The H5 ridge will begin to retrograde to the west as a robust shortwave trough moves through the Upper Midwest and the Great Lakes. As a result, rain chances will increase slightly for the weekend as temperatures nudge down a degree or two, but still remain in the middle 90s, this weekend into early next week. It`s also worth mentioning that a tropical wave currently well out in the Atlantic Ocean will trudge towards the Turks and Caicos and near the Bahamas Friday into Friday night. After that, there is a large degree of uncertainty as to whether the tropical wave develops and passes east of the Florida Peninsula or remains rather weak and manages to make it into the Gulf of Mexico. This could impact our forecast in that if it stays in the Atlantic, we could be a bit drier and warmer than currently forecast next week. The inverse would be true if the wave moves into the Gulf of Mexico. There`s still a lot of time to monitor this system, so be sure to stay updated with the latest forecast as we head into the weekend and early next week. && .AVIATION... (00Z TAFS) Issued at 753 PM EDT Tue Jul 30 2024 Convection had mostly dwindled down this evening outside of isolated activity invof DHN, so VCTS is maintained for another couple hrs. Quiet wx is expected tonight except perhaps ABY where an upstream storm complex may sag just south enough to impact the site. Therefore, intro`d thunder from 6-8Z to acct. Low cigs/vsbys may infringe on DHN/ABY/VLD in the early morning hrs. Good convective coverage tmrw yields aftn VCTS at all terminals with PROB30s for TSRA from 18Z to end of this TAF cycle. && .MARINE... Issued at 318 PM EDT Tue Jul 30 2024 Overall, mostly favorable marine conditions are anticipated through the rest of the week and into the weekend. Light and variable winds are expected with seas around 1 to 2 feet. Showers and thunderstorms are possible each evening and morning over the waters and should diminish during the day. These storms may feature gusty and erratic winds with waterspouts possible. && .FIRE WEATHER... Issued at 318 PM EDT Tue Jul 30 2024 There are minimal fire weather concerns for the next few days with daily chances of showers and thunderstorms. Gusty and erratic winds with frequent lightning are expected within or near any storms. Outside of thunderstorms, afternoon high temperatures will reach the mid to upper 90s with heat indices approaching or exceeding 110F. && .HYDROLOGY... Issued at 318 PM EDT Tue Jul 30 2024 Precipitable water values (PWATs) nudge closer to 2", that`s still enough to produce torrential rain within any of the stronger thunderstorms. That said, the coverage of showers and thunderstorms is forecast to be lower than we`ve seen the past several days and primarily confined along the seabreeze. Nuisance and localized flash flooding will remain possible within any of the stronger storms through the remainder of the week and into the weekend. && .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Spotter activation is not requested. However, spotters are always encouraged to safely report significant weather conditions when they occur by calling the office or tweeting us @NWSTallahassee. && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... Tallahassee 76 95 76 96 / 30 60 10 50 Panama City 79 93 79 93 / 20 60 10 30 Dothan 77 96 76 97 / 20 50 0 30 Albany 77 95 76 97 / 20 40 10 30 Valdosta 76 96 76 97 / 30 50 10 40 Cross City 75 94 76 94 / 40 60 10 60 Apalachicola 79 91 80 91 / 20 60 10 40 && .TAE WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... FL...Heat Advisory from 11 AM EDT /10 AM CDT/ to 8 PM EDT /7 PM CDT/ Wednesday for FLZ007>019-026>029-034-108-112-114-115-118- 127-128-134. GA...Heat Advisory from 11 AM to 8 PM EDT Wednesday for GAZ120>131- 142>148-155>161. AL...Heat Advisory from 10 AM to 7 PM CDT Wednesday for ALZ065>069. GM...None. && $$ NEAR TERM...Scholl SHORT TERM...Reese LONG TERM....Reese AVIATION...IG3 MARINE...Reese FIRE WEATHER...Scholl HYDROLOGY...Reese
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Great Falls MT
806 PM MDT Tue Jul 30 2024 .SYNOPSIS... Scattered showers and thunderstorms diminish and end by late this evening. High pressure then builds in for the second half of the work week and brings a return to dry and hot conditions. && .UPDATE... The only adjustments of note were to the location and timing of fog and haze/smoke based on updated model guidance. Overall, the previous fog forecast remains on track with valleys in southwestern Montana having the highest chance for fog development overnight. The latest model guidance did expand the coverage area slightly and extend the time by a couple hours. Overall, widespread dense fog is not expected so no products are needed at this time. The latest run of the HRRR smoke put a little more haze and smoke into central Montana for tomorrow afternoon based on expected activity from the wildfires near Lincoln. While the specifics may change based on fire behavior tomorrow, it is safe to expect hazy skies over portions of the Little Belts and Big Belts as well as lower elevations of Lewis and Clark, Cascade, Judith Basin, and Meagher counties. Near-surface impacts are expected to be minimal outside of the immediate areas surrounding the fires. -thor && .AVIATION... 31/00Z TAF Period VFR conditions will predominately prevail through the 3100/0100 TAF period; however, showers and even an isolated thunderstorm or two will continues to drift east and southeast across portions of North Central through Southwest Montana through the evening hours. Brief heavy rain associated with these showers and storms may temporally bring CIGS/VIS to low-VFR, but MVFR conditions are not anticipated. Showers and thunderstorms will gradually exit the region through 03- 06z Wednesday, with clearing skies thereafter. There is the potential for valley fog to develop through the morning hours on Wednesday across Southwest and Central Montana; however, probabilistic data for this fog developing remains below a 10% chance. - Moldan Refer to weather.gov/zlc for more detailed regional aviation weather and hazard information. && .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 509 PM MDT Tue Jul 30 2024/ A passing trough will continue to bring variable clouds, showers, and a few isolated thunderstorms through this evening. Diurnal destabilization has been on the slower side so far this afternoon, resulting in less storm coverage than earlier expected, especially in the southwest, but ML CAPE approaching 500 J/kg in an uncapped environment should result in increasing shower and storm development as the afternoon progresses. Still not expecting storms to become very strong aside from localized erratic, gusty winds, occasional lightning, and brief downpours. This activity is expected to taper off this evening through midnight with partial to full clearing taking place during the overnight hours. Lingering moisture combined with light winds may result in some patchy fog development late tonight into early Wednesday, mostly for the central and southwest valleys. Ridging aloft builds in for the second half of the work week for a return to hot and dry conditions. Temperatures will warm well into the 90s to near 100 Thursday through Saturday. Ensembles show a series of shortwaves and weak surface fronts dampening the ridge Friday and through the weekend, introducing breeziness and isolated to scattered shower and thunderstorm activity. Initially, the continued hot temperatures and a dry sub- cloud layer look to increase the chances for drier thunderstorms with stronger gusty and erratic winds before slightly cooler temperatures and higher humidities bring more wet storms Sunday into early next week. The lack of a defined westerly flow aloft is not very favorable for widespread stronger winds outside of thunderstorms, but seasonably breezy conditions are expected. - RCG && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... GTF 54 87 55 93 / 30 0 0 0 CTB 53 85 52 91 / 20 0 0 0 HLN 54 88 57 96 / 50 0 0 0 BZN 47 86 51 94 / 50 0 0 0 WYS 37 76 40 85 / 60 0 0 0 DLN 44 82 48 89 / 60 0 0 0 HVR 57 90 58 95 / 20 0 0 0 LWT 50 83 53 90 / 40 0 0 0 && .TFX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... None. && $$ http://www.weather.gov/greatfalls
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Las Vegas NV
727 PM PDT Tue Jul 30 2024 .SYNOPSIS...Dry, breezy, and seasonal weather is on tap for the region today. Ridging will begin to build over the region tomorrow, opening the door for the return of monsoonal moisture during the second half of the week. This increase in moisture will bring increased chances for isolated to scattered showers and thunderstorms to the region beginning Thursday. Temperatures will heat up over the weekend as the ridge remains in place overhead going into next week. && .UPDATE...The Nixon Fire in Riverside County did not get as active this afternoon, so less concern of a dense smoke layer aloft coming toward Las Vegas tonight. The Borel and Trout Fires in the southern Sierra Nevada, northeast of Bakersfield quieter as well. Actually off satellite, there was a wind shift with smoke from those fire drifting to the southeast. Just due to proximity, parts of Inyo County continue to report moderate air quality. Will update the smoke/haze grids this evening from the latest 00Z HRRR smoke forecast. Otherwise, no change. && .PREV DISCUSSION...139 PM PDT Tue Jul 30 2024 .DISCUSSION...through Monday. Current satellite and water vapor imagery show a shortwave trough the Pacific Northwest/northern Intermountain West and an area of high pressure over the south-central US, and an inverted trough over the Baja Peninsula, which leaves us in an area of dry southwesterly flow aloft. This southwesterly flow will continue to transport smoke from the Trout, Borel, and Nixon fires into the western portions of our forecast area. Outside of smokey/hazy skies, today`s weather will be relatively benign with dry conditions, seasonal temperatures, and some afternoon breezes. An upper-level ridge will begin to build into the area tomorrow. As this ridge pushes in, we will also see the aforementioned inverted trough begin to lift to the north. This will increase southerly flow aloft, opening the door for the return of monsoonal moisture. Chances for isolated showers and thunderstorms will return to the region on Thursday, becoming more widespread on Friday. With precipitable water values around 140% to 190% of normal on Thursday and Friday, flash flooding will be a potential concern with any storms that develop. With the ridge of high pressure remaining overhead into early next week, this monsoonal moisture will continue to be recycled each day, helping to fuel afternoon convection. Temperatures will remain in the normal to slightly above normal range through the end of the week, with additional warming over the weekend as the ridge remains in place. As such, we will see Moderate HeatRisk expand across much of the area with pockets of Major HeatRisk in the Lower Colorado River Valley towards the end of the forecast period. && .AVIATION...For Harry Reid...South-southwest winds with gusts around 20 knots will continue into the early evening before diminishing. The south-southwest winds should remain under 10 kts during the overnight hours. Winds will be mainly diurnally driven on Wednesday. There is a low probability (< 20%) that outflow winds from storms in Arizona work their way into the Las Vegas Valley Wednesday evening and will favor the eastern corridors of Peach Springs and Mormon Mesa. For the rest of southern Nevada, northwest Arizona and southeast California...Breezy south to southwest winds with gusts to around 20kts will continue at most regional TAF sites until sunset. Smoke from wildfires burning in Kern County, CA, will continue to affect Inyo County. Slantwise visibilities may be reduced. Otherwise, no operationally significant cloud cover is expected through Wednesday afternoon. Convection in southern Arizona may provide outflow winds and mid and high level clouds into the lower Colorado River Valley (KEED and KIFP) Wednesday evening. && .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...Spotters are encouraged to report any significant weather or impacts according to standard operating procedures. && $$ UPDATE...Pierce DISCUSSION...Stessman AVIATION...Czyzyk For more forecast information...see us on our webpage: https://weather.gov/lasvegas or follow us on Facebook and Twitter