Forecast Discussions mentioning any of "HRRR" "RAP" "RUC13" "RUC" "RR" received at GSD on 06/12/24


Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service La Crosse WI
1003 PM CDT Tue Jun 11 2024 .KEY MESSAGES... - Isolated thunderstorms possible this afternoon, some of which could produce small hail and gusty winds. - Complex severe weather setup for Wednesday afternoon and evening with the potential for multiple rounds of storms. Large hail, damaging winds, heavy rainfall and possibly a few tornadoes are all on the table depending on how storms unfold. - Warmer weather on the docket for early next week with highs pushing into the upper 80s to low 90s from Sunday through Tuesday. && .UPDATE... Issued at 1004 PM CDT Tue Jun 11 2024 Challenging forecast for tomorrow on synoptics and mesoscale evolution and the severe storm threat. Things are still on track with the thinking of a moisture surge into western MN tonight with storms erupting in the pre-dawn hours near the ND/MN/SD triple point. Moisture transport convergence and the instability is really keying on this area in the RAP and latest 12.00Z CAM solutions. We are still firmly entrenched in the pacific air mass overhead right now with low dewpoints and stable conditions. During the morning hours, moisture transport in the low-levels and instability continues to surge northeast across MN, but the rate is in question. Based on the timing of the pre-dawn storms and their southeast motion, the instability would seem to favor a more southerly track, with storms propagating into the instability. All of the 12.00Z CAMS want to track some convective system toward the area arriving by late morning, with questionable instability, mainly elevated, but a ton of warm air and moisture advection into the area. But still, as the complex moves southeast, possibly some severe, it is outrunning instability. And this timing could kill the afternoon severe weather chances by limiting heating. The 12.00Z HRRR delays the complex just an hour or two into the forecast area from the northwest and has the strongest outcome of afternoon storms. I think that speaks to the sensitivity of when these morning storms/showers arrive and if they continue to develop into severe storms or not. Later favors severe storms. The earlier arrival seems to favor a low severe weather chance overall with heating and moisture advection impacted. Either way, the first system seems to really seems to really cap off and stabilize the atmosphere. The CAMS also suggest generally that there is probably only one morning/afternoon system/shot. Overall, the new 12.00Z CAMS seem to produce fewer waves of storms from 18-09Z overall. One pattern we need to watch for is a NW->SE oriented boundary setting up west of a strong convective complex and cold pool. The orientation of the low- level flow and moisture advection into that boundary orientation would favor a training scenario with storms moving southeast along the boundary. So, still details to workout. Will be working to increase the later morning storm chances in southeast MN after 15Z per the accelerated CAMS into that area. Soundings and instability arent the greatest for severe weather that early (as stated above per later HRRR). && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 250 PM CDT Tue Jun 11 2024 This Afternoon and Evening: Isolated Storms Current radar mosaic this early afternoon shows this morning`s showers continuing to exit eastward out of the local forecast area. GOES satellite imagery and RAP progs show an upper level trough continuing to move towards the region, with surface observations showing an approaching (currently draped down through central MN) surface cold front. As the front moves across the area, model guidance continues to suggest the potential for isolated to widely scattered showers and storms to develop this afternoon/evening. However, there still remains some uncertainty in just how much instability will be able to build ahead of the front. Hi-res guidance would suggest the potential for a very narrow axis of instability with CAPE values generally around/under 1000 J/kg. If storms do develop, stronger storms may be capable of producing small to marginally severe hail and gusty winds. However, as we lose daytime heating the storm threat will quickly decrease. There is still quite a bit of variability in solutions on location/timing of initiation of storms, so will be monitoring near-term satellite and radar trends closely through the afternoon and evening. Wednesday Afternoon and Evening: Severe Weather Details A zonal pattern becomes established for tomorrow with a seasonable strong 120-kt jet working over the Dakotas in the wake of subtle perturbation in the flow. The surface boundary sliding southeastward this evening quickly washes out overnight with southerly flow becoming reestablished up through Minnesota by sunrise tomorrow. Steepening mid-level lapse rates and increasing surface theta-e values result in SB/MLCAPE values approaching 2000 J/kg by the mid-afternoon while elongated hodograph will be supportive of organized storm structures. The main question revolves around convective mode and timing. The latest 12Z HREF members are rather locked in on having elevated convection develop on the nose of a weak low-level jet towards sunrise in western Minnesota, with this complex and its convective debris/cold pool serving as the focus for renewed development during the early afternoon hours in central/eastern Minnesota and western Wisconsin. The hodographs would be supportive of supercellular structures and all storm hazards, though the explicit composite reflectivity progs show rapid upscale growth along the line into an MCS that propagates SSE with the Corfidi vectors during the afternoon. However, with the main synoptic forcing still off to the west, renewed development is likely along the western flank of this MCS cold pool that would result in multiple rounds of thunderstorms training over the same area throughout the late afternoon and evening hours along a northwest to southeast axis. This would point to a potential heavy rain and flooding threat somewhere in south-central Minnesota to northeast Iowa, but it remains too early to pin down the exact area as such a threat will rely heavily on how storms behave earlier in the day. Hodographs become quite favorable for tornadoes as we move through the evening hours, but the main question will revolve around the surface airmass thermal characteristics given the passage of the MCS earlier in the day. Any areas that do manage to recover may realize the over 500 m2/s2 of 0-1-km SRH and pose a tornado threat. At this stage, given the trajectory of the afternoon MCS, such a threat might be limited to south-central Minnesota and north-central Iowa. Thursday and Friday: Cooler and Drier Northwesterly flow settles in for the latter part of the week in the wake of our midweek storms and holds temperatures near seasonal norms for this time of year. With low level moisture slow to depart during the day on Thursday, steepening low-level lapse rates may result in diurnal showers developing during the day, with the showers sliding southeastward as drier air filters south during the afternoon. Friday is shaping up to be the coolest and driest day of the forecast period as a 1020-mb surface high pressure slides through, but highs should still top out near 80 degrees. Saturday and Sunday: Next Round of Stronger Storms Return flow builds in behind the departing ridge early Saturday, with surface dewpoints rebounding into the 60s by Saturday afternoon. The medium range solutions are in modest agreement with a sharp shortwave impinging on the backside of the synoptic ridge and thus we should see strong to severe storms somewhere across the Upper Midwest, but enough differences exist in the placement of the surface baroclinic zone make it difficult to nail down any further specifics on threats and locations. How convection unfolds on Saturday and the timing of the shortwave passage will play a role in the threat area for Sunday, though the southwesterly flow is strong enough that the warm sector may have time to recover on Sunday and result in repeated rounds of storms each day. Stay tuned for more details. Next Week: Warming Up Upper ridging amplifies over the central and eastern CONUS for much of next week, resulting in southwesterly flow across the region and with it the first real surge of summertime heat. There exists some modest synoptic differences with the various ensemble members with respect to the strength of the ridge, with the more amplified solutions resulting in warmer and drier conditions whereas the flatter solutions bring periodic bouts of thunderstorms and cooler temperatures as shortwave perturbations ripple northeastward over the Dakotas. The resultant precipitation forecast contains a smattering of 20 to 40 percent probabilities for the end of the forecast period, but these will be honed in over the coming days as the strength of the ridge is better analyzed. What is more certain is that we will see above average temperatures with over 70 percent of the available guidance pushing the mid-80s for highs and 20 to 30 percent of the members exceeding 90 degrees. && .AVIATION /00Z TAFS THROUGH 00Z THURSDAY/... Issued at 700 PM CDT Tue Jun 11 2024 VFR conditions will dominate the period but Wednesday is an interesting forecast day. Vigorous moisture advection will occur over western MN later tonight and into the morning hours with TSRA development expected there. The trajectory brings these storm chances southeast toward the area. At this time, probabilities for storms increase both as the day wears on, but also from east to west. Short term high res models converge on a solution of increased storm coverage after about 3pm. Thus KRST will have a better chance of being affected by storms Wednesday later afternoon but KLSE still has chances as well (30 vs 60% for KLSE and KRST, respectively). Severe storm chances: airfields will want to be aware that there is a chance for severe storms with damaging winds looking like the main threat, but large hail is also possible. Again, somewhat higher chances further west. && .ARX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... WI...None. MN...None. IA...None. && $$ UPDATE...Baumgardt DISCUSSION...Skow AVIATION...Baumgardt
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Boise ID
839 PM MDT Tue Jun 11 2024 .DISCUSSION...Satellite imagery has detected at least four active wildfires in Southwest Idaho: two near Twin Falls, one in south Ada County, and one south of Jordan Valley. As of 7:30 PM MDT, all fires have been reported to be less than 10 acres. Smoke is not expected to be an issue across southern Idaho at this time due to an upper-level low moving across southern Alberta, Canada, accompanied by a dry cold front that has already reached parts of southeast Oregon. This front will continue moving southeast, reaching Ontario around 10 PM MDT, Boise around 11 PM MDT, Mountain Home around 1 AM MDT, and Twin Falls/Jerome around 3 AM MDT. The highest winds tonight will be between Baker Valley and the Lower Treasure Valley. Baker City has already reported wind gusts up to 37 MPH, and similar gusts are expected to reach Ontario. Gusts will be slightly lower as the front moves up the Upper Treasure Valley and Western Magic Valley, with gusts up to 20-25 MPH. The passage of the front overnight will result in temperatures about 5 degrees cooler on Wednesday. Winds have been updated to reflect current observations and the latest high-resolution models for tonight into Wednesday morning. The new data indicates slightly higher wind speeds than previously forecasted. An updated forecast will be issued shortly. && .AVIATION...VFR and mostly clear. Surface winds: W-NW 5-15 kt. Gusts 20-30 kt KBKE-KONO-KMUO late tonight/early Wednesday as a dry cold front moves through. Winds aloft at 10kft MSL: W-SW 15-30 kt. KBOI...VFR under clear skies. Surface winds: NW 7-13 kt. Gusts up to 20 kts between 05Z and 08Z. && .PREV DISCUSSION... SHORT TERM...Tonight through Thursday night...A weak north Pacific upper trough will bring about 5 degrees cooling Wednesday as it moves inland north of our CWA. Thursday looks as hot as today as a short wave upper ridge comes inland ahead of a deep upper trough from the Gulf of Alaska. Generally clear skies until Thursday when clouds begin in southern zones. Models develop enough instability near the ID/NV/UT tri-point for a 10-20 percent chance of high-based thunderstorms Thursday evening. Tonight and Wednesday night will be seasonably cool with dry air and clear skies. No significant smoke indicated by HRRR model. Thursday night looks several degrees warmer with cloud cover and higher dew points. Winds will be light except in southern Harney and Malheur Counties Thursday afternoon/night, when west winds blow 15 to 25 mph with gusts to 30 mph. LONG TERM...Friday through Tuesday...A deep upper trough from the Gulf of Alaska will come inland and through our CWA Friday through Tuesday with much cooler air. Initial surface cold front will pass through Friday. Pre-frontal gusty southwest winds will shift to west/northwest 10-20 mph. High temps Friday will be in the upper 70s through 80s. A second cold front will increase northwest winds to 15-25 mph with afternoon gusts 25 to 35 mph Saturday in open terrain. Highs Saturday will lower to the mid 60s to mid 70s, then mainly 60s Sunday and Monday, with breezy northwest winds continuing. Models keep pcpn generally north of our CWA with the best chance (20-40 percent) Sunday night in the central Idaho mountains. Model consistency breaks down Monday with ECM bringing the main trough axis through our CWA while GFS leaves it off the northwest coast. Consensus for now is with the ECM for continued cool, breezy weather Tuesday. && .BOI WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... ID...None. OR...None. && $$ www.weather.gov/Boise Interact with us via social media: www.facebook.com/NWSBoise www.twitter.com/NWSBoise DISCUSSION...JDS AVIATION.....JDS SHORT TERM...LC LONG TERM....LC
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Burlington VT
1048 PM EDT Tue Jun 11 2024 .SYNOPSIS... A partly cloudy sky will persist overnight with some patchy fog possible in the deeper valleys as temperatures fall back into the 50s. Wednesday will feature intervals of clouds and sun with a few widely scattered showers across the higher terrain. Much warmer and drier weather returns briefly for Thursday, before a cold front produce another round of showers on Friday. A beautiful weekend is on tap with plenty of sunshine and comfortable temperatures. && .NEAR TERM /THROUGH THURSDAY/... As of 1046 PM EDT Tuesday...Main adjustment was to add a few isolated showers for northeastern Vermont where some weak showers are moving east to west. These should be dissipating, but can`t rule out some sprinkles through the overnight hours. Otherwise, clouds are increasing east to west as well limiting the threat of fog. The forecast remains on track. Previous Discussion...Mid/upper lvl closed cyclonic circulation has redeveloped over eastern NY per latest GOES-16 water vapor imagery and RAP upper air analysis, while dry air aloft prevails acrs our cwa. However, shallow moisture and instability per sounding data has resulted in plenty of strato cumulus clouds acrs our cwa this aftn, with a few pockets of clearing acrs the CPV and parts of central VT. Soundings show intervals of shallow moisture btwn 975mb and 850mb acrs our cwa overnight, which wl result in some partial clearing. Where areas of clearing develop, patchy fog is possible, given light winds and temps approaching cross over values. Lows similar to previous couple of night with values in the mid 40s to mid 50s. On Weds, a weak vort and slightly better moisture/instability, especially northern VT and parts of the NEK wl help in the development of widely scattered showers. Have continued with pops in the 15-25% range for NEK VT and 15-20% probs for the dacks. Any showers wl have limited vertical structure given sfc based CAPE values <500 J/kg, but shower motions wl be <10 knots. So a few localized heavy downpours are possible, but majority of the area should remain dry. Highs on Weds should be warmer based on progged 925mb temps btwn 14-15C, supporting values in the upper 60s to mid 70s. Weds night any showers quickly dissipate by sunset with clearing skies and mostly light south/southwest winds. Some patchy fog is possible eastern VT and parts of NEK of VT, where better potential for rain showers occurs on Weds. However, have noted increasing south/southwest flow by 06z, especially western CWA, which may limit potential. Have not included in fcst attm. Temps are similar to previous couple of night with lows upper 40s to upper 50s. && .SHORT TERM /THURSDAY NIGHT/... As of 353 PM EDT Tuesday...Expect above normal highs on Thursday with temperatures surging into the low to mid 80s, although warming could be delayed slightly if there is any morning fog in eastern Vermont. There will be a lot of dry air aloft through the day on Thursday that will help keep instability low despite ample low level warm air advection. A modest pressure gradient will result in breezy south to southwesterly wind, with gusty conditions becoming increasingly favorable in the afternoon hours as boundary layer deepens. Forecast soundings show mixing above 700 millibars where wind speeds will be in excess of 30 MPH, supporting peak gusts in the 20 to 25 MPH range in many locations. The temperature difference between the air and lake should minimize the mixing on Lake Champlain and other larger lakes, generally keeping wind speeds lower than over land during the afternoon/evening. Low level wind will be channeled in the St. Lawrence Valley where gusts above 30 MPH are favored at times. A shower with a slight chance of thunder remains possible towards sunset in this region, but most model guidance at this time suggests a pre-frontal trough will still be too far west to support precipitation even in our western areas through the daytime hours. After that time, a vigorous shortwave trough that is currently in southern British Colombia is progged to approach our region with relatively good agreement across deterministic model guidance. This upper level forcing combined with a surface trough will trigger showers overnight. Forecast soundings show elevated instability that suggests some rumbles of thunder will be possible, with best chances in the predawn hours moving from west to east. Greatest PoPs continue to be over northern New York and far northwestern Vermont, with generally lower chances of these showers heading south and east as best upper level forcing tends to shift north of due east as the trough crosses our region. While rain showers could produce heavy rain, rainfall amounts will be be modest. Deep layer shear looks more perpendicular than parallel to the trough axis, suggesting the heavy rainfall threat is minimal as showers will move along steadily without backbuilding or training. Temperatures will be rather warm overnight with continued southerly flow and increasing cloud cover, with rain-cooled air still supporting lows mainly in the 60s. && .LONG TERM /FRIDAY THROUGH MONDAY/... As of 353 PM EDT Tuesday...A cold front, following the pre-frontal trough that moved through Thursday night, will quickly follow Friday morning. Have kept a slight chance of thunder, although timing of the front suggests relatively higher chances of a thunderstorm exists in south central Vermont where temperatures have a better chance to recover into the 80s before cooler and drier air advects in behind the front. Overall, no significant weather is expected on Friday, with a transition to a cool/dry pattern taking place in time for Father`s Day weekend. Temperatures will be chilly Friday and Saturday night, with the latter night particularly cold for mid-June. Have bumped low temperatures down a bit especially in the western Adirondacks where patchy frost is not out of the question. Dry and seasonable conditions will trend towards warm and muggy early next week. While there is some model disagreement on the extent of the heat for Tuesday, uncomfortably hot weather is likely to develop midweek based on most model scenarios. The latest NBM mean maximum temperatures are in the upper 80s to low 90s across northern New York and Vermont; if dew points average in the mid 60s as currently forecast, we could see heat indexes peak in the low to mid 90s on Tuesday. Expect to see heat advisories concurrent with major (3 out of 4) HeatRisk level if trends continue. && .AVIATION /03Z WEDNESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY/... Through 00Z Thursday...Widespread cloud cover remains stretched across our forecast area this evening, with a mix of VFR and MVFR ceilings being reported. Those sites with clouds hovering around 2200-3100 feet above ground level could continue to experience bouncing between the two categories for the next few hours as an inversion sets up again to keep moisture close to the surface. The main challenge tonight will be potential for IFR fog in some of the typical valley locations, including SLK, MPV, and EFK. Best chance of this fog is between 06-12Z and is still highly dependent on how much and where clouds clear out overnight. Winds will generally be light and variable or terrain based for the near future. Outlook... Wednesday Night: VFR. NO SIG WX. Thursday: VFR. NO SIG WX. Thursday Night: VFR. Chance SHRA, Slight chance TSRA. Friday: VFR. Chance SHRA, Slight chance TSRA. Friday Night: VFR. NO SIG WX. Saturday: VFR. NO SIG WX. Saturday Night: VFR. NO SIG WX. Sunday: VFR. NO SIG WX. && .BTV WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... VT...None. NY...None. && $$ SYNOPSIS...Taber NEAR TERM...Boyd/Taber SHORT TERM...Kutikoff LONG TERM...Kutikoff AVIATION...Storm
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Cheyenne WY
459 PM MDT Tue Jun 11 2024 .KEY MESSAGES... - Hot weather expected Wednesday as daytime highs climb into the 85 to 95+ degree range across the entire area. - Thunderstorm chances return to the region late this week, along with the risk for severe weather Thursday and Friday. && .SHORT TERM /THROUGH THURSDAY NIGHT/... Issued at 342 PM MDT Tue Jun 11 2024 Latest GOES WV imagery shows primarily zonal flow aloft with an upper level closed low off the southern CA coast while the polar jet sits near the Canadian border with an upper level trough moving into BC. Zooming into southeast WY, latest visible imagery shows cumulus development over east-central WY as well as eastern Laramie Co with an enhanced convergence zone based on surface observations. Precipitation chances are low, but nonzero through early this evening as an isolated storm could still develop. Will continue to monitor latest satellite trends, but any storms that develop will likely be short-lived with little to no precipitation. Zonal flow aloft will continue Wednesday with 700mb temps climbing near 15C as an upper level ridge builds just to the south over the central Rockies. This will lead to a warm day across much of the CWA with much of the NE panhandle reaching the mid-90s. With 700mb temps will climb near the climatological 90th percentile value, we are not looking to break record highs, but still could see temperatures just a few degrees below for select locations. Latest NBM probability of exceeding 100F degrees Wednesday afternoon is highest in the North Platte River valley, up to 25%. Farther west of the Laramie Range, scattered showers will develop in the afternoon with a weak shortwave passing in the flow. Forecast soundings show inverted-V profiles with dry low-levels and LCLs climbing above the freezing level. While minimal precipitation is likely from these storms, strong outflow winds will be possible in the vicinity. Hi-res guidance does continue showers east along the I-80 corridor towards Kimball before dissipating early in the evening. Better chances for showers and thunderstorms arrive later this week, starting on Thursday. SPC Day 3 Outlook currently has a Marginal Risk reaching up into Laramie Co. Post-frontal upslope flow with an upper level system passing over the central CONUS will increase moisture convergence across southeast WY and northeast CO. Despite southeasterly low-level flow, wind profiles are fairly unidirectional aloft supporting of straight hodographs and splitting storms. MLCAPE climb near 1000 J/kg with 40+ kt shear that will support strong to severe thunderstorms Thursday afternoon along the South Laramie Range and adjacent plains to the east and south of the North Platte River valley. && .LONG TERM /FRIDAY THROUGH TUESDAY/... Issued at 342 PM MDT Tue Jun 11 2024 An active start to the long term forecast is expected across southeast Wyoming and western Nebraska. On Friday, a potent, upper- level shortwave trough is progged to dig northeasterly from southern Nevada to western Colorado throughout the day. As this upper-level shortwave pushes towards the region, ample synoptic lift is expected to develop from a combination of jet dynamics and cyclonic vorticity advection at 500mb. A subtle, 700mb jet maximum is progged to be just southeast of the CWA, broadly placing western Nebraska within the left exit region of this low-level jet and further favoring lift across the region. Strong southeasterly flow at the surface will advect in significant moisture with dewpoints increasing into potentially into the 60s for portions of western Nebraska, with 50F dewpoint expected across far southeast Wyoming. NAEFS mean precipitable water for 00Z Saturday is currently progged to near the 99th- percentile for this area at this time of year. Looking more in- depth into some of the convective parameters, MUCAPE values are progged to well over 2000 J/kg with MLCAPE values approaching 2000 J/kg as well. Forecast soundings from the GFS suggest good directional shear in the lowest levels of the atmosphere, steep low- level lapse rates, and DCAPE values near 1000 J/kg. Forecast soundings across western Nebraska suggest bulk shear values approaching 50kts, with precipitable water values approaching 1.5 inches. These indicate a potentially significant hail threat across far southeast Wyoming and western Nebraska. However, hodographs are progged to be straight across this region, leading to an additional concern of slow-moving storms. Slow-moving storms accompanied by 95th-99th percentile precipitable water leads to and increase concern of torrential downpours with any storms that develop and the slow moving nature could lead to a significant flooding threat. The Weather Prediction Center has a small portion of the CWA under a Marginal risk for excessive rainfall on Friday, but this could move further west over the next few days. Overall, Friday looks to be a favored day for severe weather across western Nebraska and far southeast Wyoming. This setup will continue to be monitored as it approaches and more consistency develops within the models and hires models. The remaining long term forecast will feature quasi-zonal flow aloft across the region with 700mb temperatures increasing into the 10 to 20C range throughout the long term. Warm temperatures are expected with highs in the 70s to near 90s across western Nebraska. Could see some daily chances for isolated showers and maybe a thunderstorm or two, but coverage will be very low. Additionally, zonal flow aloft will lead to breezier conditions across the region, though winds should remain well below high wind criteria. && .AVIATION /18Z TAFS THROUGH 18Z THURSDAY/... Issued at 456 PM MDT Tue Jun 11 2024 High pressure over southeast Wyoming and Nebraska Panhandle will keep skies clear through the next 24 hours and beyond. Latest HRRR and HREF guidance showing no chances for lower flight conditions during this time. Westerly downslope winds backs up that thought. No weather impacts to aviation interests expected. && .HYDROLOGY... Issued at 342 PM MDT Tue Jun 11 2024 Flows remain just below flood stage on the Medicine Bow River near Elk Mountain with a slight trend downward the past few days with early morning crests. However, with the warm weather expected the next few days including overnight lows in the mid-40s at higher elevations, decided to extend the Flood Watch for snowmelt through Thursday morning. && .CYS WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... WY...None. NE...None. && $$ SHORT TERM...MB LONG TERM...AM AVIATION...GCC HYDROLOGY...MB
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Des Moines IA
1034 PM CDT Tue Jun 11 2024 ...Updated for the 06z Aviation Discussion... .KEY MESSAGES... - Few isolated storms possible before sunset northeast, but severe threat remains low this afternoon/early evening. - Strong to severe storms possible Wednesday afternoon and evening especially north and east. - Additional storms, possibly severe, expected south Thursday as well. - Continued warming into midweek as highs reach into the 90s. - Slightly cooler/drier Friday but heat and storm chances return for the weekend. && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 354 PM CDT Tue Jun 11 2024 Rest of Today: Scattered showers this morning fizzled out by about midday leaving mostly clear skies through much of central Iowa except for some budding cu this afternoon. Surface boundary connected to the main trough over southern Canada continues to move through the area this afternoon into evening but overall chances for any isolated storm development remain fairly low, around 20% or less with dew points well into the 60sF as many models suggested not being realized. As of 3 PM, dew points were in the 50s to low 60sF at a few sites with temperatures in the 80s. These overall lower levels of moisture should continue to help limit any storm development, though won`t completely rule out an isolated storm with gusty winds or small hail mainly in the far northeast, but overall chances for any severe weather remain low this afternoon into early evening with any storm development chances waning completely by around sunset. Temperatures tonight will be warmer than this morning and generally in the upper 50s to 60s. Wednesday/Thursday: Wednesday will be noticeably warm and humid as warm air advection amplifies with the thermal ridge moving through the region and H850 temperatures nearing +20C or more by Wednesday afternoon. This heat will be paired with surging moisture as dew points reach towards or well into the 60sF which translates to high temperatures in the upper 80s to 90s and heat indices in the low to mid 90s for many. A few theta-e advection induced showers or storms are possible in the morning to early afternoon mainly north but moisture may once again be an issue with this early day activity with forecast soundings looking fairly dry. Attention then turns to the the main shortwave and associated frontal boundary that will be dropping south through MN through the day with storms, some severe, possible in two rounds Wednesday, the first in the later afternoon to evening, and the second close on the heels of the first, but in the later evening to early overnight. Some questions remain on the placement of the storms, especially in the coverage of storms to the south and west, but storm chances are highest, >60% chance, over northeast areas, as this is the most likely area to see storms given current CAM trends and overall parameter space. The extent of capping could be the limiting factor in portions of central and western Iowa where afternoon H700 temperatures look to be near +10 to +12C which can be tough to overcome. As noted in the previous discussion, the overall parameter space is pretty good with the warm, humid environment surging MLCAPE values into the 1000-2000+ J/kg range per NAM and RAP soundings in portions of northern Iowa with storm relative inflow around 25-35 knots and overall bulk shear of 30-40+ knots. Strong to severe storms are possible with damaging wind gusts (DCAPEs over 1000 J/kg with lower level dry air in soundings) and large hail (elongated hodographs) the primary threats. Won`t completely rule out the possibility of a tornado if everything can come together with boundary interactions given increasing helicity values into the early evening, but overall LCLs are high which would be a limiting factor. Heavy rain may also occur, especially in areas that see multiple rounds of storms like the northeast, where rain amounts may near 2-3+ inches, as noted in the 24 hour QPF HREF localized probability matched mean. Progressive nature of storms should overall limit hydro issues, but will certainly keep an eye on this with potential for higher rainfall rates. Although storms wane by the early overnight, additional showers are possible Thursday morning with the location of the front towards southern Iowa the location for new storm development on Thursday afternoon to evening in another warm, humid, and unstable environment as highs climb into the 80s to 90s with heat indices in the upper 90s over far southern Iowa. Storm threats will better be determined based on location of the front and timing, but severe storms may again be possible with wind hail, and will even need to watch the tornado potential depending on how the mesoscale details evolve. The overall take away for Wednesday and Thursday is to monitor the forecast for updates with a SPC Day 2 Slight Risk (Level 2 of 5) Wednesday north, with a Day 2 Marginal Risk (Level 1 of 5) extending through much of the rest of the area, and a Day 3 Marginal Risk (Level 1 of 5) over far southern Iowa on Thursday. Friday and Beyond: A small reprieve is expected on Friday with slightly cooler temperatures, though still in the 80s, and lower dew points. Additional storm chances return for the weekend with more building heat as temperatures climb into the upper 80s to 90s again on Sunday and Monday with upper 90s heat indices south. && .AVIATION /06Z TAFS THROUGH 06Z THURSDAY/... Issued at 1031 PM CDT Tue Jun 11 2024 VFR conditions prevail over the area. Chances for shra/tsra increase by mid to late afternoon over portions of northern Iowa as activity dives south and east out of MN. Considerable uncertainty remains with the south/west extent and timing of this activity, but did include a mention at KMCW and KALO to highlight the most probable window based on the latest model guidance. && .DMX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... None. && $$ DISCUSSION...KCM AVIATION...Martin
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Green Bay WI
1051 PM CDT Tue Jun 11 2024 Updated aviation portion for 06Z TAF issuance .KEY MESSAGES... - Periods of light rain are expected through this evening. A thunderstorm is possible, but no severe weather is anticipated. - There is a Marginal Risk of severe thunderstorms late Wednesday afternoon and Wednesday evening when one or more complexes of storms could impact the region. The latest indications suggest locations over central Wisconsin have the highest chance of seeing strong storms, which may contain gusty winds and hail. Confidence is low where these thunderstorms will track. - Well above normal temperatures are forecast from Sunday into the middle of next week. Heat indices may surpass 90 degrees at times. && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 232 PM CDT Tue Jun 11 2024 Short Term...Tonight and Wednesday The latest RAP analysis and satellite/radar imagery show a cold front moving across the northern Mississippi Valley with help from a modestly potent shortwave trough. A broken band of rain along the leading edge of a warm advection zone is proceeding east at about 30 kts across central Wisconsin. This band of showers will likely weaken somewhat, but not enough to dissipate before reaching eastern WI. The trailing cold front has been inactive so far today, but convective clouds are building along the boundary. Between this system and the next system arriving on Wednesday, precip and severe weather chances are the focus of this forecast. Precip Trends: Behind the light band of rain showers, the convective allowing models indicate that additional showers may redevelop later this afternoon. No thunderstorms are expected. Right along the front, a few thunderstorms could develop early this evening along a narrow ribbon of 600-800 j/kg cape. If thunderstorms develop, central WI will have the greatest chance. Brief gusty winds will be possible through the evening if storms develop. Then quiet conditions return overnight. Then within fast, zonal flow aloft, light showers could develop over north-central and far northeast WI in the afternoon. But all eyes will be on southeast Minnesota and northern Iowa for strong thunderstorm development along the instability gradient in the afternoon. Some storms could make a run at central Wisconsin after 5 pm. Severe weather chances: Within a region of strong instability (2000-3000 j/kg mixed layer cape), strong to severe thunderstorms are forecast to develop over central Minnesota around 1-2 pm. These thunderstorms are forecast to grow upscale into a complex and track along the cape gradient on the nose of the 35-45 kt low level jet to the southeast and into southwest Wisconsin by late in the afternoon. While tracks and timings may still change, the latest guidance suggest central WI will be on the northern edge of any convective complex. Some guidance shows instability upwards of 1500 j/kg sneaking into Wood, Portage, and Waushara counties where a severe wind/hail threat may develop by 22-23z. If it comes to fruition, the strong to severe thunderstorm threat should end relatively early on Wednesday night due to fast forward motion of the complex, perhaps around the 10 to 11 pm time frame. Chances appear lower than previous forecasts over north-central WI where another complex could develop over the Arrowhead of Minnesota before tracking east into Lake Superior. Long Term...Wednesday Night Through Tuesday The main focus of the extended forecast will be on the evolution of the 500mb pattern through the end of the week, which may bring both our next round of strong active weather and well above normal high temperatures. Active weather underway from late Wednesday afternoon will rapidly push through the region during the evening hours, departing by the early overnight hours. The strongest storms may yet move through portions of central Wisconsin, but general consensus still brings the strongest storms south of the area. See the short term discussion for additional information. The cold front that brought the active weather through on Wednesday is expected to drop well south of the area Thursday, bringing back quiet conditions for our area. Any redevelopment along the cold front will stay south, impacting primarily northern Illinois and southern Wisconsin. As high pressure begins to depart Saturday, southerly return flow will begin to ramp up. A strong push of warm moist air will cross the region by late Saturday, bringing with it another chance for some active weather. Instability parameters due suggest some potential for stronger storms, so Saturday afternoon through Sunday will be a time period to watch for severe potential. Behind this, the area is expected to be well in to the warm sector. Long range guidance still brings high temperatures well into the 80s both Sunday and Monday, with a chance for low 90s. These temperatures may still come down on Sunday depending on how quickly any precipitation and cloud cover pushes through from Saturday, but the warmup remains in the forecast. && .AVIATION...for 06Z TAF Issuance Issued at 1051 PM CDT Tue Jun 11 2024 Some isolated showers are possible across eastern Wisconsin around midnight as a cold front tracks through the rest of the region. Given the isolated nature of the activity, will only include a VCSH in the eastern TAF sites for the first few hour or two to account for these showers. Generally good flying weather is expected through Wednesday afternoon. By late in the afternoon or early evening, shower and thunderstorm chances will increase as a warm front lifts north across the western Great Lakes with attendant cold front pushing in Wednesday night. Current CAMs models are not clear on how widespread the activity will be across the area with some solutions splitting the storms to the north and south with our area not getting much in the way of showers or thunderstorms. Therefore, will only include a VCSH Wednesday night as there is a chance the area does not get much in the way of rainfall with this system. && .GRB WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... None. && $$ DISCUSSION.....MPC/Uhlmann AVIATION.......Kurimski
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Pendleton OR
821 PM PDT Tue Jun 11 2024 .UPDATE... Winds have begun to decrease across the region and have lowered enough that the wind advisory has been cancelled. Winds will be breezy for several more hours before finally dropping during the overnight hours. Otherwise, just made some minor tweaks to overnight lows. .AVIATION... 06Z TAFS...VFR conditions expected for the next few days. DLS will keep 20 to 25 kt gusts for a few hours before winds decrease to around 10 kts. Winds will increase and become gusty again with 20 to 25 kts in the afternoon before decreasing in the evening. Similarly PDT will keep gusts for a few hours but will have winds 10 kts or less on Wednesday. All other locations should have 10 kts or less through the period. && .PREV DISCUSSION... /issued 424 PM PDT Tue Jun 11 2024/ Updated for Aviation... AVIATION... 00Z TAFS...High Confidence (95-100%) in VFR conditions through the period. Gusty winds this evening will subside in most locations this evening and everywhere overnight, with winds becoming 10 kts or less and remaining there. The only exception is DLS which will have gusty winds 20 to 25 kts again Wednesday afternoon. PREV DISCUSSION... /issued 258 PM PDT Tue Jun 11 2024/ SHORT TERM...Tonight through Thursday Night... Key Messages: 1. Breezy to windy conditions through this evening with wind advisories issued for the Kittitas Valley, Eastern Columbia Gorge and Simcoe Highlands. 2. Cooler Wednesday but warming back up Thursday. A weak shortwave is passing to our north through central British Columbia this afternoon and it has a cold front that will cross our area a few hours from now. Radar is not showing any shower activity and satellite shows clouds mainly west of the Cascades with mostly clear skies over our area. The main concern today is the winds, which will be peaking later this afternoon and then decreasing this evening after sundown. The GFS, NAM, SREF and GEFS all have pressure differences between Portland and Spokane in excess of 10 MB with the RAP is between 9-10 MB. These values point to windy conditions in the Columbia Basin and adjacent valleys. Observations have been mainly in the 20 to 30 mph with gusts to 35-40 mph so far but winds are increasing. Ellensburg had northwest winds of 31 mph gusting to 46 mph in the latest observations. NBM probabilities show a greater than 90 percent chance of wind gusts of 40 mph in Kittitas Valley. Simcoe Highlands, Columbia Gorge and and a 50-90 percent chance in the Blue Mountain Foothills later this afternoon. Chances for a wind gust of 49 mph are 70 percent chance in the Kittitas Valley and 50- 60 percent in the Simcoe Highlands and Columbia Gorge but drop off to less than 15-30 percent elsewhere. Current wind advisories for the Kittitas Valley, Simcoe Highlands and the Eastern Columbia River Gorge look good and will remain in effect through 11 PM this evening. Winds look to remain just below wind advisory levels in the Columbia Basin, Blue Mountain Foothills and Yakima Valley. Relative humidities are as low as 20-25 percent as well and a few weeks from now, would probably need to consider a Red Flag Warning for fire danger but believe the vegetation is still a bit too green for large fires. As winds die down this evening after the cold front passage, colder air will move over the area and along with clear skies, temperatures will drop off as much as 8 to 12 degrees from last night with lows in the 40s in the lower elevations and in the mid 30s to lower 40s in the mountains. Tomorrow, with the shortwave moving into the Rockies and the next trough still up in the Gulf of Alaska, a zonal westerly flow will be over the area and sunny and dry weather is expected. Winds will be fairly light with only the Kittitas valley and Columbia River Gorge reaching 10 to 15 mph in the afternoon. Lingering cooler air will drop temperatures 5 to 8 degrees from today and highs will be in the mid 70s to lower 80s in the lower elevations and in the mid 60s to mid 70s in the mountains. Lows Wednesday night will be a few degrees warmer than tonight but still a few degrees below normal in most locations. On Thursday, a strong upper low and trough will begin moving south out of the Gulf of Alaska to the central british Columbia coast. This will send a warmer southerly flow over our area. There will continue to be no chance of precipitation through Thursday night but there will be increasing cloudiness along the Cascades and in the northern portion of the area in the afternoon and Thursday night. Winds will continue to be light through Thursday evening but will become breezy overnight in the Columbia Basin and adjacent wind prone valleys. Highs Thursday will rebound back to the lower to mid 80s with 70s and lower 80s in the mountains. Lows Thursday night will warm to the mid 40s to mid 50s. Perry/83 LONG TERM...Friday to Tuesday...The main sensible weather highlights include: - Breezy to locally windy conditions across our windy/climo-prone areas Friday and Saturday, - Cooler, below normal temperatures with the coldest conditions this weekend, particularly Sunday, and - Unsettled weather this weekend onward with generally periodic chances, highest along the crest of the Cascades and eastern mountains. The long term initially will be characterized by a deep, anomalous upper-level closed low offshore British Columbia with southwest flow aloft with the expectation of a weak front moving across Thursday night. Ensemble guidance is in very good agreement with the synoptic pattern as cyclonic flow dominates through Saturday with the upper trough forecast to evolve to the WA/BC region. A modest synoptically imposed surface pressure gradient will develop late Friday and persist Saturday with the stronger winds prevailing Saturday. Limited support aloft in the lower troposphere until more so Saturday. 24-hr peak daily gusts chances for exceeding 40 kts around 60-95% over the eastern Columbia Gorge into the Lower OR Basin, Simcoe Highlands, and the Kittitas Breezeway, highest across the later area. Slightly higher probs, by 10-15%, on Saturday across the same locations. That said, chances for exceeding 45 mph are around 25-50%, except for 60-90% across the Kittitas Valley. Meantime, the best chances (50-80%) for precip in the long term will arrive Saturday across the WA Cascades near the crest. As the upper trough evolves, an cooler air mass is anticipated to take hold this weekend. This in tandem with limited sky cover across some areas will favor radiational cooling when/if combined with light winds as well. Of which, lows will be around 3 to 10 degrees below normal area-wide Sunday morning across the lower elevations; lows will be into the 30s across parts of central OR. Confidence is low right now in central OR seeing lows below 32 with chances peaking around 25% across Redmond. Thereafter there are modest differences in the 500 mb pattern beginning Sunday that grow more by Monday/Tuesday next week with the latest guidance in fairer agreement compared to overnight. Specifically, the amplitude and character of the upper trough early next week. There is potential for embedded wave(s) to deepen this upper trough Monday over the Northern Intermountain West, or the other possible outcome is a pattern that becomes more progressive, less amplified with open waves/shortwave troughs passing across the PacNW. Confidence in more persistent upper-level troughing affecting the region around ~80% and 90% Monday and Tuesday, respectively. Currently there are low to moderate chances (15-50%) across the upper slopes of the eastern Cascades and the eastern mountains Sunday, highest odds in the former. Lower confidence on Monday and Tuesday with chances more broad and lower overall (15-40%). Lastly, there are concerns (~15-20%) for isolated thunderstorms Monday, however, confidence is low giving the spread in guidance and uncertainty this far out in time. AVIATION...Previous discussion...18Z TAFS...VFR conditions prevail during this TAF period. Most sites currently have FEW-SCT clouds except KRDM with clear skies. Cloud coverage will decrease throughout the day for KDLS/KPDT/KALW/KPSC. All sites will experience gusty westerly winds at 20-30kts with sustained winds at 15-25kts this late morning. These wind conditions should decrease overnight but afternoon for KDLS (>50% confidence). Feaster/97 && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... PDT 47 76 46 83 / 0 0 0 0 ALW 48 79 49 86 / 0 0 0 0 PSC 50 81 50 87 / 0 0 0 0 YKM 44 79 46 84 / 0 0 0 0 HRI 47 81 48 87 / 0 0 0 0 ELN 45 76 46 82 / 0 0 0 0 RDM 40 77 43 83 / 0 0 0 0 LGD 43 74 45 84 / 0 0 0 0 GCD 44 79 46 89 / 0 0 0 0 DLS 50 80 50 85 / 0 0 0 0 && .PDT WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... OR...None. WA...None. && $$ SHORT TERM...77 LONG TERM....80 AVIATION...77