Forecast Discussions mentioning any of "HRRR" "RAP" "RUC13" "RUC" "RR" received at GSD on 12/04/23


Area Forecast Discussion...CORRECTED
National Weather Service Dodge City KS
544 PM CST Sun Dec 3 2023 ...Updated Aviation Discussion... .KEY MESSAGES... - Strong northwesterly winds will impact southwest KS Sunday in the wake of a cold front, with sustained winds in the 25-35 mph range and gusts up to 50-55 mph. - Warming trend will commence Monday through Thursday, with temperatures potentially nearing record highs Thursday. - Ensembles have trended significantly down regarding precipitation potential this weekend. && .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Monday night) Issued at 200 PM CST Sun Dec 3 2023 Midday water vapor satellite imagery and RAP upper air analysis reveals longwave troughing encompasses the entire CONUS, with a pair of embedded shortwave troughs over the Midwest and central plains. At the surface, a cold front is in the process of moving through southwest KS associated with a low pressure system centered near Grand Island, NE, with considerable northwesterly winds in its wake. Surface observations in the post-frontal zone indicate sustained winds in the 25-35 mph range with gusts of 50-55 mph are ongoing, and these will affect all zones over the next few hours. Reduced visibility was also reported owing to blowing dust as a result of these strong winds, so introduced some patchy blowing dust to the weather grids for this afternoon. Thankfully, very little cold air exists behind the front, and with at least some sunshine, afternoon highs will reach the low 50s north to upper 50s near the KS/OK border. After sunset, winds will rapidly weaken with the loss of boundary layer mixing, reaching the 5-15 mph range by midnight tonight. The combination of light winds and clear skies will support overnight lows dropping into the upper teens northwest to upper 20s southeast. Daytime Monday, short range ensembles suggest the upper level longwave trough will translate east as longwave ridging builds over the western CONUS. Surface high pressure ahead of the upper ridge will develop over the southern plains, with anticyclonic flow causing southwesterly, downsloping winds across our area. Adiabatic compression and abundant solar insolation will foster the continuation of the warming trend, with afternoon highs reaching the low 60s. Monday night, another upper level shortwave trough on the western periphery of the longwave trough will dive southeast out of the northern plains, sending another cold front through the central plains. While northerly winds will be much weaker behind this boundary compared to Sunday`s front, sufficient mixing overnight will result in a slightly warmer night as lows only drop into the low 20s northwest to low 30s southeast. .LONG TERM...(Tuesday through Sunday) Issued at 200 PM CST Sun Dec 3 2023 Medium range ensembles agree upper level longwave ridging will gradually shift from the western CONUS to the High Plains Tuesday through Thursday while dampening. Following a brief halt to the warming trend owing to Monday night`s cold front, the warming trend will resume as afternoon highs increase from the upper 50s/low 60s Tuesday to the upper 60s/low 70s on Thursday with no chance for precipitation. Friday into the weekend, ensembles suggest decreasing 500-mb heights will result in a cooling trend as longwave troughing once again begins to overtake the CONUS, aided by a cold front attached to a deep surface low ahead of a strong upper level shortwave trough over the upper Midwest/southern Ontario diving south through the central plains. Afternoon highs will drop from the upper 50s/low 60s Friday into the 40s and 50s Saturday and Sunday. Unfortunately, latest ensembles have trended down substantially regarding precipitation associated with the strong upper level wave that will reach the central plains on Saturday. Probability of QPF exceeding 0.1" is now in the 0-20% range off both the EPS and GEFS, with fewer than half of their members resolving precipitation. Furthermore, the deterministic counterparts mirror this change, with the 12Z GFS depicting a dry weekend and the 12Z ECMWF showing only a paltry QPF signal. Nevertheless, ensemble trends will continue to be monitored as predictability at this forecast range is generally low. && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Monday evening) Issued at 505 PM CST Sun Dec 3 2023 Northwest winds at 10 to 15 knots this evening will decrease to less than 10 knots over the next few hours as a surface high builds into southwest Kansas and the atmosphere decouples. Light northwest winds overnight will back to the southwest by early Monday morning. These southwest winds will increase to around 15 knots after 15z Monday. VFR conditions can be expected over the next 24 hours based on latest BUFR soundings and HREF probabilities for VFR conditions being 100%. && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... DDC 24 61 30 60 / 0 0 0 0 GCK 21 59 26 58 / 0 0 0 0 EHA 24 62 26 62 / 0 0 0 0 LBL 22 60 25 61 / 0 0 0 0 HYS 22 60 28 56 / 0 0 0 0 P28 27 59 33 58 / 0 0 0 0 && .DDC WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... NONE. && $$ SHORT TERM...Springer LONG TERM...Springer AVIATION...Burgert
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
National Weather Service Eureka CA
256 PM PST Sun Dec 3 2023 .SYNOPSIS...Heavy rainfall continues to impact northern Humboldt and Del Norte counties this afternoon through late tonight. Gusty ridgetop winds are also accompanying the heavy rain. Additional light to moderate rainfall is expected early next week, with a stronger system with the potential of heavy rainfall to occur during mid week. && .DISCUSSION...Moisture flux associated with a moderately strong atmospheric river has dropped southward toward Del Norte county today to bring another round of moderate to heavy rain, mostly for northern Humboldt and Del Norte Counties. Gusty southerly winds from 25 to 40 mph are being recorded over the more prominent coastal headlands and higher terrain across the northern portion of the region. Late morning RAP mesoanalysis verified anomalous PWAT values at 1-1.25 inches along the Far North Coast. Additional rainfall amounts will be 1 to 2 inches for Del Norte and far northern Humboldt counties from today through late tonight, with locally higher amounts over higher terrain in Del Norte. Maintained the Flood Watch for urban/small streams across Del Norte and the northern portion of Humboldt counties, though it may require trimming from the southern portion. Elsewhere, lighter total amounts will range from few hundredths to half of an inch. Moist onshore flow then continues into early next week and will aid in additional shower activity. PWATS will remain anomalously high on Monday, but the highest moisture flux will be north of the CWA, and there will be more of an easterly component to the low level winds. This will limit the potential for heavier precipitation rates on Monday, but the soils will remain nearly saturated to saturated over the Far North Coast. A stronger frontal system is forecast to advance east across the NERN PAC as well, with hydro hazards generally focused over WA/OR Monday night into Tuesday. The front is then forecast to slide south toward NWRN CA Tuesday night into Wednesday. A midlevel shortwave impulse may interact with the front and yield an increase in precipitation rates as the front moves onshore across the EKA CWA. After Wednesday, a progressive upper flow regime is forecast to persist and aid in additional rainfall, along with colder temperatures and some mountain snow. ZVS/JJW && .AVIATION...Conditions have stayed mostly VFR/MVFR today. There were sporadic bouts of rain, especially over Del Norte where weather had a "yo yo" effect: up and down from VFR-IFR. Impactful weather can be expected for ACV and CEC through afternoon/evening as model data continues a trend of rain for the northern areas; lesser amounts over Mendocino and Lake Counties. Added the possibility of mostly directional low level wind shear (LLWS) at CEC...which may be more concerning for general aviation. Also, gusty southerly winds will continue at CEC due a pronounced pressure gradient flow. Precipitation should remain simply "RA", but a few embedded "SHRA" not out of the question today. /TA && .MARINE...Southerly winds gusting up to 30 kts will continue through tonight, mainly focused in the northern zones. The southerly winds will increase on Monday when gusts with near gale strength in isolated northern areas. The southerlies will strengthen again early Tuesday along a dynamic frontal system. A northwest swell peaked this afternoon in the 12 to 15 foot range at 14 seconds. The first of two long period west- northwest swells will build tonight and through Monday, to the mid teens at 18 seconds. A second larger, long period swell will then begin filling in on Tuesday, peaking early Wednesday in the upper teens at 18 to 19 seconds. && .HYDROLOGY...Additional moderate to heavy rainfall with a moderately-strong atmospheric river will continue to impact the northern portion of the CWA today. 24 hours total rainfall amounts are forecast to range from 1 to 2 inches in Del Norte and far northern Humboldt counties. More flash flooding impacts are likely today mainly across Del Norte County due to additional rain falling in a short amount of time. CREST soil moisture profile continues to show the terrain to be saturated. As result, the additional rainfall today will more quickly develop urban and small stream flooding, or even flash flooding. In addition, small rock and mud slides are possible in areas of steep terrain that are already saturated. Reference the latest flood hazard products for more information. /ZVS && .BEACH HAZARDS...A long period northwesterly swell will begin to build in through the coastal waters tonight, and will continue to build into Monday to around 14 feet at 18 seconds. This swell will be sufficiently powerful enough for sneaker waves from significant set behavior and beach runup. Large, unexpected waves can sweep across the beach without warning, sweeping people into the sea from rocks, jetties, and beaches. These sneaker waves can also move large objects such as logs, crushing anyone caught underneath. A second larger, long period swell will then begin filling in on Tuesday, peaking early Wednesday in the upper teens at 18 to 19 seconds. This will generate High Surf Advisory level surf breakers up to 25 feet Tuesday afternoon through Wednesday. && .EKA WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... CA... Flood Watch through late tonight for CAZ101>103-105-106. Beach Hazards Statement from Monday morning through Monday afternoon for CAZ104-109. NORTHWEST CALIFORNIA COASTAL WATERS... Small Craft Advisory until 9 PM PST this evening for PZZ450. Small Craft Advisory until 3 AM PST Monday for PZZ455-475. Small Craft Advisory until 9 PM PST Monday for PZZ470. && $$ Visit us at https://www.weather.gov/eureka Follow us on Facebook and Twitter at: https://www.facebook.com/NWSEureka https://www.twitter.com/NWSEureka For forecast zone information see the forecast zone map online: https://www.weather.gov/images/eka/zonemap.png
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Sioux Falls SD
728 PM CST Sun Dec 3 2023 .KEY MESSAGES... -Areas of dense fog expected overnight into early Monday, mainly east of the James River, and possibly expanding east into the I-29 corridor and portions southwest Minnesota/northwest Iowa. -More light snow chances (30%-40%) return Monday afternoon mostly along the Hwy-14 corridor and Buffalo Ridge. However, accumulation amounts should range from a trace to a few tenths. -Elevated fire weather concerns return Monday afternoon mostly along and west of the James River. -Above normal temperatures will continue for the remainder of the week with the warmest conditions expected on Wednesday & Thursday. && .UPDATE... Issued at 725 PM CST Sun Dec 3 2023 While we still have a widespread low cloud deck east of the James River this evening, web cam imagery shows the coverage of dense fog has increased quickly after sunset along and west of these low clouds. Have issued a Dense Fog Advisory for a wedge from roughly the James River Valley into the Highway 81 corridor through early Monday morning. Expect coverage of the lowest visibility to change through the overnight as a light westerly flow becomes more prevalent, and additions/subtractions to the advisory area are possible. && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 235 PM CST Sun Dec 3 2023 Rest of the Evening/Tonight: A dreary day continues! Taking a look at satellite imagery, a combination of low-level stratus and lingering patchy to dense fog have limited our mixing and kept things on the drearier side for most of the day. Expect the drearier conditions to continue for the remainder of the afternoon before things clear our overnight with the passage of a weak surface boundary this evening. With lighter winds expected overnight with the arrival of a weak ridge, expect another round of fog to develop in areas along the Hwy-81 corridor and eastwards. Similar to today, some fog could be locally dense with visibilities between 1-2 miles or less possible at times especially in open areas and along the our river valleys. Otherwise, depending on how soon things can clear out; temperatures will gradually drop into the low to mid 20s for the night. The Extended Forecast (Monday-Saturday): Heading into the start of the work week, more light snow chances return as a clipper system moves into the region from the northwest along with a surface cold front. Looking aloft, mid-level warm air advection (WAA) begins to strengthen ahead of the shortwave as more moisture advects into region along the cold front. This along with strong PVA and 850:750 frontogenesis should be enough to get trigger a few flurries to light snow showers Monday afternoon and evening along the Hwy-14 corridor and Buffalo Ridge. As far as amounts go, the GEFS, Euro, and Grand ensemble members show medium to high confidence that amounts should varying between a trace to a few tenths with the higher amounts expected along a Brookings to Windom, MN line. Nonetheless, snowfall amounts will remain below an inch for most of the area with most of the activity clearing out before sunset. Otherwise, the SPG will tighten behind the cold front causing northwesterly winds to become breezy to strong especially west of the James where wind gusts between 35-45 mph will be possible. After further discussion with neighboring offices, we`ve decided to hold off on any wind headlines for now at least until the next round of guidance arrives. Lastly, the combination of mild and breezy conditions will lead to some elevated fire weather concerns west of the James Monday afternoon. However, with the cold front expected to pull through in the afternoon; there is some uncertainty as to if we can get clear enough to get to those milder conditions in the previously outlined areas. Unfortunately, its just one of those situations where we`ll just have to wait and see. Shifting gears to temperatures, expect daily highs to peak in the upper 30s to low 50s with the warmest conditions expected in our far western counties. As cooler air continues to funnel into the area on Tuesday, a pattern shift is on the horizon as a strengthening upper level ridge arrives to the region bringing a much needed dose of mid-level WAA. This will work to bring our 850mb temperatures back into the 8-12 degree C range on both Wednesday and Thursday which is between the 97.5th and 99th percentile of climatology. With this in mind, a small warming trend will set up as daily highs shift from upper 30s to lower 40s on Tuesday to the low 50s to mid 60s by Wednesday and Thursday which is unseasonable warm for this time of year! Depending on if these temperatures actually come to fruition, there is a decent chance that we could tie or break a few new record across the area on Thursday and Friday. Otherwise, a cold front will pull through Thursday night shifting our temperatures back towards the colder side as we head towards the weekend. && .AVIATION /00Z TAFS THROUGH 00Z TUESDAY/... Issued at 553 PM CST Sun Dec 3 2023 IFR-LIFR stratus and/or fog persists across much of the forecast area to start this period, especially along and east of the James River Valley. With loss of heating/mixing in the stratus-free areas farther west, have seen rapid development of fog near/west of the James River Valley. This could lead to a period of VLIFR visibility at KHON this evening, and overall low confidence in expected trends at KHON until westerly winds become more prevalent and increase later tonight/early Monday. Farther east, have shifted to a more pessimistic outlook for much of this TAF period, as 1recent RAP runs and HREF ensemble show moderate to high probabilities of IFR stratus persisting through at least daybreak Monday, with greater potential for improvement by late morning as stronger mixing commences. Locations west of the James River toward south central SD could see increasing west-northwest winds after 04/18Z, with gusts in excess of 30-35kt possible. These stronger wind gusts are not expected to impact TAF locations within this TAF period. && .FSD WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... SD...Dense Fog Advisory until 9 AM CST Monday for SDZ038>040- 053>055-059>061-065-068. MN...None. IA...None. NE...None. && $$ UPDATE...JH DISCUSSION...Gumbs AVIATION...JH
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Gray ME
737 PM EST Sun Dec 3 2023 .SYNOPSIS... Low pressure will track through the eastern Great Lakes this evening, spreading rain and snow across the region. Significant snowfall is forecast across the foothills and points northward with a rain/snow mix elsewhere. There remains potential for impacts into the Monday morning commute due to wintry conditions. Accumulating snow tapers off Monday evening with snow showers lingering through Monday night. A drying trend follows into mid week. && .NEAR TERM /THROUGH TONIGHT/... 730PM Update...No changes to the overall forecast with this update. Just a couple of minor edits to temps and dewpoints over the next couple of hours based on trends. Previous... A winter storm is underway this afternoon as low pressure tracks north of the Ohio Valley this evening. This low is forecast to track through Lake Ontario, before becoming a inverted trough with low pressure consolidating outside of the Gulf of Maine through Monday. Not much has changed from this morning`s package. For tonight, precipitation will continue. Precip types have favored snow once precip rates increase. This makes sense given the cool 925mb temps and surface temps just a few degrees above freezing for much of the area. Temps in the mid to lower 30s are expected to fall to around freezing for much of the area tonight, and this will promote the bulk of the area flipping to all snow. Points that may see more in the way of rain will be the immediate Maine coast down to SE NH. Here the coastal front may stay just a tad inland, particularly through the NH Seacoast to keep precip mainly rain. A few miles in from the coast, snow may fall for much of the event. However, ratios and the ability for the snow to accumulate may be hampered by the moderate temps. Moving inland to into interior areas, this is where snow accum will pick up, and be a heavy/wet consistency. Up to 4 to 6 inches will be possible here, making it a potentially stressful cleanup come Monday morning. The greatest amounts will be found in the foothills and mountains, where all snow is anticipated, and closer to climo norm snow ratios are forecast. Local vis is already reduced to a half or quarter miles in spots thanks to the strengthening low, terrain convergence, and a saturated DGZ. Portions of this area may well see a foot of snow, perhaps more through the day Monday at higher elevation. Into early Monday morning, guidance is showing what appears to be a deformation axis or comma head of precip settling across northern New Hampshire through western ME and towards the ME Capitol Region. Timing would fall close to the beginning of the morning commute, and patience/care cannot be stressed enough. Snow rates may be the greatest during this period, perhaps around 1 in per hour. This will also reduce visibility. && .SHORT TERM /6 AM MONDAY MORNING THROUGH MONDAY NIGHT/... The bulk of accumulating snow will be exiting the area by 10am Mon morning. With the loss of upper level moisture and cloud ice, drizzle or flurries may be left behind through early afternoon. This will first be noticeable across southern NH, and pulling through Portland area and central Maine through noon. With the low transitioning to an inverted trough across the area, there will be remaining low level moisture and minor forcing factors. In general, the deepest moisture remains across northern NH and western ME through the day, prolonging snow, and adding additional light accums. Elsewhere will depend on pockets of lift to generate measurable precip outside snizzle or drizzle. This lift may increase come Monday evening, providing another shot of widespread light snow for the region overnight. There is some uncertainty of enhancement along coastal front features such as the NAMnest and HRRR suggest. Little confidence is there to pinpoint this QPF at this time, but can`t rule out some lingering accums overnight. && .LONG TERM /TUESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY/... Little change to the going forecast as currently focusing on current storm. Deterministic and ensemble output hasn`t changed much for the Tue-Weekend period. Some members indicate that inverted trough may hang around into Wednesday with some light snow for southeast zones. Will have to continue to watch trends in this mostly mesoscale feature. Otherwise, warm front moves toward the region Fri-Sat. Some indications that a significant low pressure system affects the region Sun-Mon but we are a long way out. But we`ll continue to monitor trends. && .AVIATION /01Z MONDAY THROUGH FRIDAY/... Short Term...Most terminals will remain IFR tonight through Monday. Periods of LIFR will be possible combined with low vis, especially in regions of SN across central and northern NH, and much of interior Maine. Winds will slowly drift E to N through Monday and monday night. Light snow continues with some drizzle Monday. Long Term...Lingering low cigs and SHSN will bring potential for MVFR and at times IFR Tue morning. Conditions improve as Tuesday progresses while there may be some lingering MVFR cigs. Mainly VFR will prevail Wednesday into Thursday except perhaps a period of MVFR across southernmost ME and southeastern NH depending on where trough sets up. && .MARINE... Short Term...Winds will peak around 30kt this evening and overnight as low pressure nears the coast. These will decrease Monday afternoon to around 15 kt, becoming 20 kt from the north Mon night. Long Term...Low chance of SCA conditions Wed-Wed night, otherwise relatively tranquil on the waters Tue-Fri. && .GYX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... ME...Winter Storm Warning until 1 PM EST Monday for MEZ007>009- 012>014-020>022. Winter Weather Advisory until 10 AM EST Monday for MEZ018-019- 033. Winter Weather Advisory until 1 PM EST Monday for MEZ025>028. NH...Winter Storm Warning until 1 PM EST Monday for NHZ001-002-004. Winter Weather Advisory until 10 AM EST Monday for NHZ003- 005>010. MARINE...Small Craft Advisory until 1 PM EST Monday for ANZ150-152-154. Small Craft Advisory until 4 AM EST Monday for ANZ151-153. && $$ NEAR TERM...Combs/Cornwell SHORT TERM...Cornwell LONG TERM...Ekster
Area Forecast Discussion...Updated
National Weather Service Lincoln IL
923 PM CST Sun Dec 3 2023 .UPDATE... Issued at 923 PM CST Sun Dec 3 2023 A complex scenario unfolding for tonight`s forecast in southern portions of central IL and southeast IL regarding the evolution of a compact low pressure system currently near Kansas City. Precipitation with this low has been increasing the past few hours, consistent with high resolution model forecasts which track the low east to ESE along the I-70 corridor overnight, and the I-64 corridor east from St Louis. Banded precipitation structures associated with frontogenesis could produce some healthy precipitation amounts reaching as high as the half to one inch range just south of the central IL forecast area. The heavier precipitation amounts could also change precipitation type to snow given the expected temperatures just a few degrees above freezing, resulting in potential for a quick inch or locally more. On the other hand, the marginal temperatures could result in a mix of rain and snow, and very little to no accumulation. With all that said, it is possible very little or no precipitation will actually reach as far north as the central IL forecast area, and the most likely counties to get clipped with decent rain/snow are Scott, Christian, Shelby, Effingham, Jasper, Crawford, Clay, Richland, and Lawrence Counties. Have changed precipitation amounts just a touch in portions of these counties to bring totals of a tenth to a quarter inch, but kept snow accumulations zero due to likelihood of only a mix of rain and snow. Otherwise, expect lows to range from 31 to 35 across the area, with light winds becoming northeast as the low passes by to the south toward morning. 37 && .SHORT TERM... (Tonight through Monday) Issued at 313 PM CST Sun Dec 3 2023 Short-wave trough evident on 20z/2pm water vapor imagery over Nebraska/Kansas will track eastward tonight, bringing a period of light rain and snow to parts of central Illinois. Latest CAMs have trended slightly further south with the track of the 500mb vort max. As a result, have removed PoPs for locations along/north of I-74 for late tonight into Monday morning. Have focused high chance to likely PoPs along/south of a Jacksonville...to Effingham...to Robinson line. Precipitation type remains in question as NAM forecast soundings show a 2-3C warm layer aloft which would at least partially melt any falling ice crystals...while the RAP suggests ice crystals may be entirely absent within the profile. Given the strength of the approaching wave, think the deeper moisture layer shown by the NAM is more reasonable. As a result, am anticipating a mix of light rain and snow across the southern half of the KILX CWA. If sufficient dynamic cooling occurs within any precip bands that develop, the potential exists for a couple tenths of an inch of snow on grassy surfaces. However am not anticipating any travel impacts for the morning commute as surface temps remain above freezing where precip is occurring. Once the system departs, a return to cool/dry weather is expected by Monday afternoon with high temperatures topping out in the lower to middle 40s. Barnes .LONG TERM... (Tuesday through Next Sunday) Issued at 313 PM CST Sun Dec 3 2023 The next short-wave trough rapidly approaches from the northwest by Monday night, spreading a mix of light rain and snow across mainly the northern half of the CWA. This system will be deprived of deep-layer moisture, so QPF will generally be less than one tenth of an inch. Once the wave passes, dry weather will return for Wednesday and Thursday. As has been advertised by the past several model runs, upper troughing over the western CONUS will result in downstream ridging across the Midwest/Ohio River Valley by the end of the week. This will push temperatures above normal for Thursday and Friday...with highs climbing well into the 50s and perhaps exceeding 60 degrees in a few spots. The next significant chance for precip will hold off until Saturday when the western trough begins to shift eastward. Barnes && .AVIATION... (For the 00z TAFs through 00z Monday Evening) Issued at 550 PM CST Sun Dec 3 2023 Cigs around 2500 ft are in place across central IL, but should quickly depart from KSPI and KDEC as a weather system approaches from the west and partial clearing ahead of the system surges northward into these areas. With an expanse of MVFR cigs to the north and diurnal trends favoring lower cigs, any improvement at KPIA-KBMI-KCMI is more doubtful, however chances appear good enough at KCMI that VFR cigs have been forecast from 06Z-14Z. The weather system to the west should only affect KSPI and possibly KDEC with -ra/-sn after 07Z until around 14Z. Winds SW around 5 kts or less, becoming light and variable, then NE 5-10 kts by 14Z. 37 && .ILX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... None. && $$
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Jackson KY
1100 PM EST Sun Dec 3 2023 .UPDATE... Issued at 1100 PM EST Sun Dec 3 2023 The forecast is on track so just a quick update to the grids mainly to fine tune the Sky/T/Td grids per the latest obs and trends. These tweaks have been sent the NDFD and web servers along with a freshening of the zones and SAFs. UPDATE Issued at 905 PM EST Sun Dec 3 2023 01Z sfc analysis shows eastern Kentucky between weather systems as weak high pressure moving through the area has been enough to slacken the winds and clear the skies. This is also setting up radiational cooling for much of the JKL CWA. As such, temperatures now vary from the mid 30s in the valleys to the upper 40s on some of the ridges. Meanwhile, dewpoints are running in the mid 30s. This ground level moisture combined with light winds and mostly clear skies should cause some valley fog to develop and perhaps become locally dense before lower clouds move into the area later tonight. Have updated the forecast mainly to adjust sky cover, lows, and add fog through the night. Did also include the latest obs and trends for the T/Td grids in the near term. These adjustments have been sent to the NDFD and web servers along with a freshening of the zones and SAFs. && .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Monday night) Issued at 311 PM EST SUN DEC 3 2023 Key Messages: * Cooling pattern sets in as the first of a series of fast moving disturbances aloft move through the region. * Cooler than normal temperatures for Monday. * Rain showers move in early Monday morning and spread across the area through out the day. Rain ends early Monday evening. * A few flakes of snow possible on highest ridges along the VA border Monday evening. * Another system brings rain showers to the area early Tuesday morning. Analysis and Discussion Several models have a couple of clipper type systems bringing increasing clouds and at least scattered rain showers to eastern Kentucky to begin the new work week. As for today and tonight, we should see steadily decreasing cloud cover through the late evening. Late tonight, clouds will be on the increase yet again, as the first clipper system moves through the area. The NAM, NAMNEST, HRRR, and RAP models all have precip moving through on Monday. A couple of the models were less robust than the others and had less precip. Preferred the more detailed HRRR and NAMNEST solutions since we already have cool air and plenty of moisture in place and incoming over the next couple of days. Also preferred blend of CONSMOS and CONSRAW for temperatures tonight through Monday night, with some adjustments made to account for incoming cloud cover and precip. As far as areas of concern, there really aren`t any at this time in the short term. General cloudiness and a couple of rounds of precip are expected, with light winds. In summary, much needed rain continues to be in the forecast going into the first of the upcoming work week. .LONG TERM...(Tuesday through Sunday) Issued at 318 PM EST SUN DEC 3 2023 Key messages: * A weather system will likely bring showers to at least a portion of the area in the Tuesday to Wednesday morning time frame, probably changing to flurries or light snow for most areas before ending. * Dry weather is forecast from late Wednesday through Friday. * Another storm system, possibly a strong one, will bring a potential for rain as we move into the weekend. A mid/upper level shortwave trough and its coinciding surface low will move southeast across the Midwest Monday night and Tuesday, reaching the Ohio Valley by Tuesday evening. Warm air advection along with support from the upper level system could bring us showers Tuesday evening into the overnight, with the greatest probability (chance category) in our northern counties. The system`s cold front will pass on Tuesday night. Our best shot at precip will be post frontal passage from shallow convection in the cold air advection and upslope flow coinciding with the arrive of the upper trough. As the atmosphere cools, present indications are that it will get cold enough for a mix of rain and snow, or a changeover from rain to snow, but not cold enough for any accumulation except for perhaps an inch or two on the highest peaks near/along the Virginia border. Any remaining precip will taper off on Wednesday as the upper trough departs eastward and surface high pressure builds in from the west, easing cold air advection and bringing drier air. The surface high or ridge will pass over on Wednesday night and bring our coldest temperatures of the week. It then slips to our southeast late in the week and warm air advection returns as transient ridging aloft passes over from west to east, continuing dry weather through Friday. The next mid/upper level trough will amplify as it moves east across the CONUS late in the week. Both the GFS and ECMWF show it developing a potent negative tilt as it arrives, supporting development of a deep surface low. There are still differences in timing and track at that long range, with quite a bit of forecast uncertainty as a result. Have held the PoPs to chance category on Saturday, with likely (60 to 70 percent) PoPs Saturday night into Sunday. Deviations from the NBM were made for Tuesday night and especially for Wednesday, with the 5th percentile used for high temperatures Wednesday given GFS and ECMWF 1000-850 hPa partial thicknesses crashing below the critical 1300-meter threshold Wednesday morning in cold advection regime with clouds and some precipitation. However, it should be noted that the model trend is a bit slower than previous runs in lowering thicknesses below the critical threshold to support a changeover to snow across the area. The NBM Deterministic forecast high was already just below 25th percentile of the NBM probabilistic envelope, yielding increased confidence in lowering high temperatures. QPF was also raised Wednesday toward the 90th percentile but overall this resulted in modest snow accumulation changes, and at that only along the Virginia border area. && .AVIATION /00Z TAFS THROUGH 00Z TUESDAY/... Issued at 725 PM EST Sun Dec 3 2023 VFR conditions overspread eastern Kentucky late this past afternoon and will hold for much of the aviation forecast period. Another approaching low pressure system does bring in more clouds and a potential for some MVFR CIGs for Monday morning along with scattered showers. Southwest to west winds will continue to settle this evening decreasing to light and variable by midnight. Look for them to pick up again from the west at near 10 kts by midday, Monday. && .JKL WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... None. && $$ UPDATE...GREIF SHORT TERM...AR LONG TERM...CMC AVIATION...AR/GREIF
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Melbourne FL
1011 PM EST Sun Dec 3 2023 ...New UPDATE, MARINE, AVIATION, PREV DISCUSSION... .UPDATE... Issued at 918 PM EST Sun Dec 3 2023 KMLB radar imagery shows isolated showers over the local Atlatic waters. This is well ahead of a cold front across the eastern CONUS and northern Florida which will cross the Penisula Monday. Current temperatures are in the upper 60s to low 70s with partly to mostly cloudy skies. Isolated showers are forecast overnight and into Monday morning over the local Atlantic waters, as well as north of I-4. Patchy dense fog is also forecast within a few hours leading up to sunrise and shortly after. Visibilities will have the potential to drop to below one mile in spots, especially across portions of Okeechobee, Osceola, Orange and Lake counties. If you encounter patchy dense fog while driving, slow down, use your low beam headlights, and leave plenty of distance ahead of you. Any fog that develops should burn off by around 9am. Expect overnight lows in the mid 60s to low 70s. && .MARINE... Issued at 918 PM EST Sun Dec 3 2023 Current-Monday... A cold front will cross the local waters Monday afternoon. Isolated showers are forecast through Monday afternoon. West-southwest winds around 8-14kts will build seas to 1-2ft with up to 3-4 ft in the offshore waters (20-60nm). Tuesday-Thursday... (Modified Previous Discussion) The aforementioned cold front will stall across South Florida`s waters and the Keys early Tuesday before diminishing. Behind the front, conditions dry out as an area of high pressure builds across the southeastern US. Expect northwest winds on Tuesday, with speeds generally between 10 to 15 knots. On Wednesday, a reinforcing frontal boundary will push southward across the Florida peninsula and local Atlantic waters, resulting in the northwesterly winds increasing to 15 to 25 knots across the local Atlantic waters. Winds will veer to out of the northeast on Thursday and decrease back to 10 to 15 knots. Seas 2 to 4 feet on Tuesday, increasing to 4 to 8 feet on Wednesday due to the winds, and then decreasing slightly to 3 to 7 feet on Thursday. && .AVIATION... (00Z TAFS) Issued at 918 PM EST Sun Dec 3 2023 TAFs start off VFR. IFR CIGs are forecast overnight into Monday morning at KDAB, KLEE, KMCO, KSFB, and KLEE. Patchy fog is also possible, especially across the interior. Cloud cover will gradually decrease into the afternoon behind a cold front that will cross the Penisula Monday. Expect west to southwest winds at 5-10kts. && .PREV DISCUSSION... Issued at 918 PM EST Sun Dec 3 2023 Tonight/Mon...The cold front remains well to the west near TLH late this aftn but there is a pre-frontal trough or outflow boundary pushing into northern sections sparking scattered showers and isolated storms and a temporary wind shift out of the W/NW. This activity will continue to push E/SE into this evening into Osceola and Brevard counties and offshore. A brief downpour and gusty wind up to 40 mph is possible with the stronger cells. The front will slide into central FL overnight and early Monday and bring isolated showers. The HRRR shows stratus and fog expanding from the FL Gulf coast reaching southern and interior sections late tonight. The low clouds could linger much of Monday morning and even when they diminish, considerable mid and high clouds will keep skies mostly cloudy. Not a lot of cooling immediately behind this front. Max temps will range from the upper 70s Lake and Volusia to the lower 80s south with a few mid 80s possible. Tuesday... (Modified Previous Discussion) The aforementioned cold front is progged to stall across South Florida and the Keys early Tuesday before diminishing, with the Euro showing a faster decay of the boundary than the GFS. At the surface, a high pressure system over the central US will gradually strength and shift eastward across the southeastern US behind the front. Locally, northerly winds will help filter in the drier, cooler airmass into east central Florida. Thus, rain chances will be less than 10 percent with lower relative humidities as well. Afternoon highs on Tuesday will fall closer to climatological normal for this time of year, with temperatures in the low to mid 70s across east central Florida. Overnight lows on Tuesday in the upper 40s to low 50s. Wednesday-Saturday... (Modified Previous Discussion) Dry conditions are forecast across east central Florida through the remainder of the period. A mid-level trough will sweep across the southeastern US on Wednesday, pushing a reinforcing frontal boundary across the peninsula at the surface, with even drier and cooler air forecast to push in behind the front. As a result, clearing skies are forecast across the area Wednesday through Wednesday night. As the surface high shifts eastward towards the Atlantic, onshore flow will return Thursday into Friday, leading to some increasing moisture across the area and therefore increasing cloud coverage. Coolest temperatures are forecast on Wednesday as a result of the reinforcing boundary, with afternoon highs in the low 60s to low 70s and overnight lows in the low 40s to mid 50s. Temperatures will then gradually warm through the remainder of the week into the weekend, with afternoon highs in the mid 60s to mid 70s on Thursday and in the low 70s to low 80s Friday and Saturday. Overnight lows in the mid 40s to upper 50s on Thursday and in the low 50s to mid 60s Friday and Saturday nights. && .HYDROLOGY... Issued at 231 PM EST Sun Dec 3 2023 The Saint Johns River at Astor is forecast to continue a very slow decline this week. The river is forecast to remain within Minor Flood Stage through mid week, but could fall into Action Stage later in the week. && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... DAB 66 79 54 71 / 20 20 0 0 MCO 69 80 57 72 / 10 20 0 0 MLB 68 82 58 75 / 10 20 0 0 VRB 67 83 58 76 / 20 20 0 0 LEE 67 78 54 70 / 20 20 0 0 SFB 68 80 55 72 / 10 20 0 0 ORL 70 81 57 73 / 10 20 0 0 FPR 67 83 58 77 / 10 20 0 0 && .MLB WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... FL...None. AM...None. && $$ Fehling/Sedlock
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Topeka KS
222 PM CST Sun Dec 3 2023 .DISCUSSION... Issued at 220 PM CST Sun Dec 3 2023 Key Messages - Progressive upper level wave develops light rain showers, perhaps mixed in with light snow through early evening across far northern Kansas. - Clouds clear out tomorrow, commencing drier conditions and warmer temps peaking in the 60s Wednesday and Thursday. - Low confidence in next weekend`s system that may bring rain chances and cooler temperatures once again to the region. Shortwave trough axis is noted on water vapor imagery this afternoon sliding across Nebraska into northern Kansas. The sfc low is currently situated along the KS/NE border while the frontal boundary bisects Kansas. Ahead of the boundary in northeast Kansas, mid to high level clouds blanket the area as southerly winds pickup to near 10 mph. High temps have been able to climb into the upper 40s for most areas, with the exception of north central Kansas in the low 40s. A wide swath of radar returns shifting over MHK and MYZ at the current hour have not been observed reaching the sfc as cloud bases remain near 10kft. Higher returns and lower cloud cover near the KS/NE border are however reaching the sfc in the form of rain showers with moderate confidence in light rain showers occurring over northern Kansas through early evening as the sfc low crosses through the CWA. As temperatures cool close to the freezing mark, a few showers could mix or transition to light snow. Sounding profiles are saturated for a brief time before drier air dissipates any precip so overall qpf amounts would be a few hundredths at best. As the sfc low passes by, winds on the back side veer to the west and northwest becoming gusty this evening at 15 to 20 mph sustained. Skies become sunny Monday morning as temperatures begin their warmup, starting with the low and middle 50s Monday afternoon. Increasing mid clouds skirt northern portions of the CWA in the evening as another upper trough bypasses the area to the north. Mid level height rises commence Tuesday onward, returning dry conditions and mostly sunny skies each afternoon. Highs peak on Thursday in the middle 60s before the next cold front approaches to the northwest on Friday. Latest cluster analysis of ensemble data suggest large disparities in an upper trough axis that drops southeast over the central plains next weekend. 12Z operational GFS/EC signal higher qpf totals focusing along the cold front to our southeast so overall confidence remains low in precipitation chances for the CWA. && .AVIATION...(For the 18Z TAFS through 18Z Monday afternoon) Issued at 1136 AM CST Sun Dec 3 2023 VFR conditions at terminals as mid clouds dominate the afternoon. Fropa timing has pushed a few hours, progged to arrive near 00Z at KMHK and 02Z at KTOP/KFOE as winds veer to the west at 10 to 15 kts. Added VCSH at KMHK where confidence is higher for scattered showers to develop, but may dissipate before impacting KTOP/KFOE. Low stratus accompanies the boundary, however most short term soundings are trending towards a faster clearing of MVFR stratus btwn 06-09Z. The HRRR is also attempting to develop low visbys on the back edge of the stratus so will need to watch for that potential as well Monday morning. && .TOP WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... NONE. && $$ DISCUSSION...22 AVIATION...22