Forecast Discussions mentioning any of "HRRR" "RAP" "RUC13" "RUC" "RR" received at GSD on 07/30/23


AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
National Weather Service Bismarck ND
1047 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 .UPDATE... Issued at 1043 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 All evening convection has pretty much ended, with a band of showers over the northwest developing the past hour or so. Still a possibility for overnight storms, with enough shear and linger instability west to produce a window for some stronger activity. Any severe threat will end 06 through 12Z overnight. UPDATE Issued at 641 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 Thus far the more robust convection has been across southwestern North Dakota with a couple of supercells developing there. This makes sense with SREF Prob Severe and HREF convective parameters showing this area having the greatest threat, with little potential elsewhere. Will continue to mention severe potential elsewhere but very conditional with ample shear and enough instability still in play. CAMs though definitely not in agreement with any given scenario after this early evening`s convection moves off to the southeast or dissipates. Will continue to monitor closely and adjust the forecast as needed. Again though, southwestern ND looks like the best area for strong to severe storms at this time through 03Z. && .SHORT TERM...(This Evening and tonight) Issued at 245 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 A conditional threat for severe thunderstorms exists this late afternoon and evening across western North Dakota. If a thunderstorm can develop, hail to the size of golf balls and 60 mph wind gusts may be possible. In the upper levels, ridging was gradually amplifying over the Northern Rockies, while downstream of the ridge axis northwest flow continues over the Northern Rockies. Lower level southerly flow was found across western North Dakota in response to weak lee cyclogenesis and pressure falls, maintaining surface dew points in the upper 50s to lower 60s. This afternoon, instability should develop across western North Dakota as the surface warms under gradually steepening mid-level lapse rates. The modest lapse rates and surface dew points, as well as warm air advection in the 700mb layer working to maintain a capping layer, combine to produce uncertainty in just how unstable the warm sector can become. 12Z HREF SBCAPE probabilities range from 500 to around 1500 J/kg, maximizing near the Montana border. The western counties are where the environment for severe weather should be relatively better today if thunderstorms can develop as this instability combines with strong flow aloft. The uncertainty in timing, location, and coverage remains relatively high however as the weak synoptic forcing and residual capping should play a part in keeping initiation coverage on the low side. While the 0-6km shear near 50 kts today would normally signal a threat for at least 2 inch hail given adequate instability, the uncertainty regarding convective inhibition was enough to keep messaging of hail threats to golf ball size for now, along with 60 mph wind gusts. Overnight tonight, southerly theta-e advection at 850mb modestly intensifies in response to the upper ridge nudging east. This advection should produce some elevated based MUCAPE while nocturnal convective initiation may be possible along a northwest-southeast oriented 850mb baroclinic zone. The magnitude of the 850mb winds aren`t forecast to be particularly strong for adequate convergence however, which may be why most CAMs besides the HRRR keep convection fairly isolated and weak overnight. POPs were expanded based on this signal but the overall severe message will be kept for potential convection this late afternoon and evening for now. .LONG TERM...(Sunday through Saturday) Issued at 245 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 A warming trend for the first half of the week and then a cool down for the second half highlights the long term forecast period. Daily chances for thunderstorms are in the forecast through the warm period. Sunday into early next week the upper level pattern is forecast to see a gradual building of the ridge, which will push warmer low level temperatures into North Dakota. Highs in the 80s on Sunday should rise to the upper 80s to lower 90s by Tuesday. While the warm lower level air mass should work to produce a convective inhibition layer each afternoon, the improving boundary layer moisture via southerly return flow should provide the chance for isolated thunderstorms each day through mid-week. Chances drop off a bit during the second half of the week when a northern stream wave pushes better moisture to the south, which should also usher in a period of below normal temperatures (signaled by CIPS analogs). && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Sunday Evening) Issued at 641 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 Isolated thunderstorms are possible this evening with isolated to scattered thunderstorms overnight. Overall timing and locations are very inconsistent between guidance, but there does seem to be enough of a signal at KXWA-KDIK to include VCSH/VCTS after 00Z. Any thunderstorms this evening and tonight may produce hail, damaging winds, and periods of heavy rainfall. Outside of convective activity conditions should be VFR. && .BIS WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... None. && $$ UPDATE...NH SHORT TERM...AE LONG TERM...AE AVIATION...NH
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Cheyenne WY
534 PM MDT Sat Jul 29 2023 .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Monday night) Issued at 240 PM MDT Sat Jul 29 2023 Forecast concerns deal with severe thunderstorms through the short term. Currently...Frontal boundary lays across the front range of Colorado...north to Laramie...to Casper up into western Montana this afternoon. Southeast winds east of the front with westerly winds across Carbon County. Dewpoints quite high east of the front with low 60s at Cheyenne...Torrington and upper 50s across the Panhandle and our northern counties in the CWA. Radar showing a few storms developing across Albany County...moving east at 20kts or so. Had a surface boundary move into the east slopes of the Laramie Range this morning that raised these dewpoints...but also stabilized the lower levels. Current RAP showing quite a bit of low level CIN around -100 to -150 J/KG in the southeast WYoming Plains into the Panhandle. That seems to be panning out as the storms pass over the Laramie Range and then quickly dissipate for now. Later this afternoon...around the 22Z to 23Z timeframe...we lose that low level convective inhibition. GFS soundings showing low level inversion wiping out at least for the southeast Wyoming soundings. Panhandle sites keep the low level cap going...but do have higher CAPE. MLCAPE across the southeast Wyoming plains 1500-2000 J/KG. Do think the bulk of severe convection is going to occur across the southeast Wyoming plains. HRRR simulated radar showing the bullseye in Platte and Goshen Counties between 21Z and 01Z. Storms look to weaken significantly in the western tier of Nebraska Counties as the storms move east. HRRR does show a supercell developing across northern Sioux and Dawes Counties after 02-03Z this evening...so will need to watch the northern Panhandle tonight. For Sunday...could be another late show as an upper shortwave moves through the upper ridge. Certainly looks like more convection Sunday afternoon/evening. Certainly better instability Sunday over today as Panhandle sites lose their low level caps after 18Z. GFS MUCAPE 2000/2500 J/KG across the Panhandle SUnday afternoon with sufficient 0-6km shear of 40kts. PWATS quite high Sunday with 1.23 inch across the northern Panhandle. A Marginal Risk area is identified for most areas east of the Laramie Range for Sunday afternoon/evening. Perhaps our best day for severe convection will be Monday as more monsoonal mositure moves in from the southwest...that will combine with low level moisture being pulled into areas east of the Laramie Range in southeast low level flow. GFS layered PWATS up near 1.5 inches across the Panhandle...over an inch here at Cheyenne and almost an inch over our western counties west of the Laramie Range. GFS showing a fairly strong upper shortwave moving into our western CWA Monday afternoon. One aspect to point out for Monday...we lose our modest upper level flow. So 0-6km shear decreases down to 20-25kts across southeast Wyoming and even less in the Panhandle. So possibly...storms will be slow moving heavy rainers instead of big hailers and strong downburst winds. Will need to wait and see how this pans out. .LONG TERM...(Monday through Friday) Issued at 400 AM MDT Sat Jul 29 2023 The active monsoon weather pattern will continue its well-advertised swath of diurnal to evening thundershowers for the extended weather forecast across our area. This unsettled weather pattern will be present while we initially have seasonal to slightly above average temperatures favored, before a weak cool front passage towards the end of the week arrives in our forecast area. This will cause temperatures to shift to slightly below normal readings by the end of the week. The first portion of the medium range to extended forecast includes Monday and Tuesday. Model guidance is showing a strong signal for strong to potentially severe thunderstorms for portions of the cwa as very warm temperatures persist. Daytime highs in the 80s and 90s, and moderate to heavy rainfall in the strongest of the thunderstorms will continue helping with keeping areas green, east of the Laramie Range. Monday will have elevated fire weather conditions for RH minimums across Carbon County, but the remainder of the area should have wetting rainfall occur where thunderstorms are present. 700mb temperatures of +10C to +20C will be present aloft, and mix down to the surface easily each afternoon. The slow-moving, broad surface high pressure across the Desert CONUS into the Southern Rolling Plains will rotate clockwise. The steering flow of the abundantly moist airmass will bring multiple rounds of thunderstorms for the cwa, moving from west to east during the afternoon through the late evening time frame. The highest daytime maximums are expected east of the Laramie Range as the delay in showers and storms that develop will assist with with increased peak heating. Wednesday through Friday will bring additional opportunities for showers and thunderstorms from the afternoon to late evening hours. At this time of inspection, the aforementioned weak cool front is anticipated to swing south across our cwa on Thursday. Slightly cooler temperatures will be present behind the weak cool FROPA, by approximately 5-10 degrees in comparison to earlier days in the week. Daytime highs by the end of the week onward are forecast to be in the 70s in the lower terrain, and the 50s/60s for the higher mountain elevations. Another mode of the extended forecast to watch is the amount of rainfall occurring daily over similar areas. Flood hazards may become a concern as we arrive at the end of the week. Model guidance is pinging 1-3+ inches of possible total QPF for portions of the cwa by early next weekend. We will continue to monitor the trends and update the forecast accordingly in the mean time. && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Sunday evening) Issued at 525 PM MDT Sat Jul 29 2023 Wyoming Terminals... Isolated showers and a few thunderstorms are currently ongoing across southeast Wyoming. These showers and storms are the primary aviation concern at this time. Several of these showers and storms have produced 30 to 40 kts gusts as they collapse, and this threat will continue until the storms move into western Nebraska. VFR conditions are present at all sites and are expected to remain VFR at most sites through the overnight hours. KCYS may see some light fog near day break and this fog could potentially drop conditions to MVFR for a few hours. Attention turns towards afternoon showers and thunderstorms once again near the end of the TAF period. Nebraska Terminals... VFR conditions currently at all sites across western Nebraska. These conditions are expected to continue through the TAF period, but an isolated storm or two may develop later this evening. Included VCTS for all sites except KBFF, but confidence is low at this time due to the relative lack of storm initiation over southeast Wyoming and models poorly handling the current environment. Calm conditions return in the early morning hours before gusty winds begin in the afternoon. Gusty winds expected with gusts around 15 kts likely at all terminals. && .FIRE WEATHER... Issued at 240 PM MDT Sat Jul 29 2023 Near critical afternoon humidity both this afternoon and Sunday across Carbon County. Fortunately...winds are not expected to be critical either afternoon...so fire weather concerns will be minimal. A stalled out frontal boundary lays along the Laramie Range this afternoon and will be the focusing mechanism for afternoon showers and thunderstorms. More monsoonal moisture Sunday afternoon into next week will keep afternoon humidity high and increasing chances for more widespread wetting rains and thunderstorms through at least the middle of next week. && .CYS WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... WY...None. NE...None. && $$ SHORT TERM...GCC LONG TERM...BW AVIATION...AM FIRE WEATHER...GCC
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Midland/Odessa TX
613 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 ...New AVIATION... .SHORT TERM... (This afternoon through Sunday night) Issued at 137 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 With the upper ridge centered across Colorado and the TX/OK panhandles, an inverted trough is swinging across northern mexico along the southern edge of the ridge. By eating away at some of the thickness, this trough helps keep temperatures much closer to average than we`ve seen lately, but will still top out in the mid to upper 90s for most today and tomorrow afternoon. The trough also brings some increased low-mid level moisture, when paired with some decreased subsidence, may lead to a few diurnally driven storms across the Davis Mountains and Big Bend Sunday afternoon. Only the HRRR resolves a fair amount of storms while the other CAMs stay fairly spotty...am satisfied with the PoPs NBM has of around 10-20%. -Munyan && .LONG TERM... (Monday through Friday) Issued at 137 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 The upper ridge that continues to bring hot, dry conditions will shift slightly early next week centering over the S. Plains. With this occurring we could see a plume of Gulf moisture move across N. Mexico into portions of far west Texas through late week. While most convective activity associated with the moisture increase will remain to our west, we should see at least an uptick in thunderstorms affecting the Davis Mountains west to the Presidio Valley. The NBM continues to input likely PoPs Tuesday/Wednesday for our far western areas. Will temper this down given the lack of support from ensembles and operational model runs. Temperatures will remain above normal with most locations seeing upper 90s to just above 100 degrees each day. While not as hot as previous heatwaves this summer, you will still want to limit time in the sun and drink plenty of water if you plan to be outside. && .AVIATION... (00Z TAFS) Issued at 612 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 VFR conditions with south to southeast winds continue at all terminals. && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... Big Spring 73 99 75 101 / 0 0 0 0 Carlsbad 70 98 72 100 / 0 0 0 10 Dryden 73 98 74 101 / 0 0 0 0 Fort Stockton 72 98 74 101 / 0 0 0 10 Guadalupe Pass 68 92 70 93 / 0 10 0 20 Hobbs 69 96 70 98 / 0 0 0 0 Marfa 60 92 62 93 / 0 20 0 30 Midland Intl Airport 73 98 75 100 / 0 0 0 0 Odessa 74 98 76 100 / 0 0 0 0 Wink 72 100 74 101 / 0 0 0 0 && .MAF WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... TX...None. NM...None. && $$ SHORT TERM...16 LONG TERM....29 AVIATION...91
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Newport/Morehead City NC
727 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023 .SYNOPSIS... A cold front approaching the area tonight will cross the area Sunday, with cooler high pressure building in behind it early next week. && .NEAR TERM /TONIGHT/... As of 615 PM Saturday...A weak area of low pressure is moving slowly ENE across coastal SC at this time, with an area of weak low-mid level frontogenesis extending northeast through coastal NC. The best moisture convergence and lift remains focused in the vicinity of the surface low, and this is where the greatest coverage of rain and thunderstorms is locally. Meanwhile, upstream of ENC (ie. from western NC into central VA), a broken line of convection has developed out ahead of a southeastward-advancing cold front. The convection has developed within a narrow zone of weak inhibition and moderate instability. Based on recent RAP data, the airmass downstream is equally unstable, but more capped, suggesting the convection will struggle to maintain intensity the further east into NC it gets. Based on this, the current expectation is that the ongoing strong to severe convection will not make it into ENC tonight. We`ll continue to closely monitor trends in case this expectation changes. Regarding the SC low, it will begin to feel the influence of the stronger westerlies aloft, and should continue to move offshore and eventually pass by to the south of ENC overnight. Despite the recent lull in shower activity locally, I expect the coverage to increase late tonight as the above-mentioned cold front approaches, leading to increased low-mid level frontogenesis within a very moist airmass. Lastly, the ongoing Heat Advisory will be allowed to expire at the top of the hour as temps and heat indices quickly fall below the 100- 105 range. && .SHORT TERM /SUNDAY/... As of 3 PM Sat...Surface low brings strong moisture advection to the coast, with greatest POPs along the coast through the day, following a mostly diurnal trend. Furthering inland, drier low level air will begin to ride in on the back of NW flow behind a very weak cold front that crosses the area during the day, and drier conditions are expected by the afternoon. A few storms and downpours are possible near the coast, but the overall severe threat is low. Relatively more sunshine inland will allow highs to climb into the lower 90s in the afternoon, but decreasing dew points will keep the heat index well below Heat Advisory levels. && .LONG TERM /SUNDAY NIGHT THROUGH SATURDAY/... As of 3 PM Saturday... Monday - Tuesday - The work week will start with highs in the upper 80s and chance PoPs in the afternoon. The post frontal airmass will have northerly/northeasterly flow with drier air resulting in much more enjoyable Tds in the upper 60s/low 70s. Conditions get increasingly better on Tuesday with even lower Tds (mid/upper 60s). Wednesday - Friday - Surface high pressure moves overhead Wednesday and keeps us dry with highs in the mid/upper 80s. With a lack of moisture in the atmosphere, Tds could drop to the low 60s. This unseasonable relief from the humidity will stick around through much of Thursday but PoPs begin to increase Thursday night into Friday as a surface trough makes its way across NC. High temps will be a few degrees warmer (upper 80s) with higher humidity as moisture is reinstated ahead of the surface trough. && .AVIATION /00Z SUNDAY THROUGH THURSDAY/... SHORT TERM /through Sunday/... As of 715 PM Saturday...Sub-VFR conditions likely (60-80% chance) later tonight into Sunday. TSRA possible (30-50% chance) on Sunday. Forecast confidence over the next 24 hours is MODERATE. We`re currently in a temporary lull in precip across Eastern NC (ENC), as we remain sandwhiched between low pressure over SC and a cold front approaching from the NW. As these two features get closer, there will likely be an increase in lift within the very moist airmass in place. The expectation is that this will lead to an increased risk of low CIGs and SHRA, especially after 06z/2am tonight. The risk of TSRA will gradually increase as well, especially in the 09z/5am - 18z/2pm timeframe Sunday. This will especially be the case from OAJ to EWN and points south. As the above mentioned front moves through, the southerly wind of late will become northerly. Drier air filtering in from the north should gradually lead to a reduced risk of sub-VFR CIGs by mid to late afternoon Sunday. Of note, the TSRA upstream across central NC and VA are not expected to reach this far south this evening, but we`ll be monitoring this potential and adjust the TAFs accordingly if necessary. LONG TERM /Sunday night through Thursday/... As of 315 PM Saturday...Prevailing VFR through the period. Sunday night/early Monday morning could have decent potential for fog given the high PoPs and light winds expected overnight. Winds are generally 5-10kt through the period. && .MARINE... SHORT TERM /through Sunday/... As of 315 PM Sat...Breezy SW winds ahead of an approaching cold front continue through the evening, with SCAs in effect for the coastal waters and sounds. The weak front moves over the area Sunday morning, with the surface gradient slowly weakening, and diminishing SW winds through the morning Sunday become light to moderate NW Sunday afternoon as the cold front crosses the waters. Seas peak at 4-6 ft this evening in mainly southerly windswell before gradually diminishing Sunday as the windswell component weakens and becomes NW. LONG TERM /Sunday night through Thursday/... As of 3 PM Saturday...Winds remain generally 5-15kt through the end of the period. Seas relax to 2-4ft Sunday and remain about the same through Wednesday. && .MHX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... NC...Beach Hazards Statement until 8 PM EDT this evening for NCZ195- 196-204-205. MARINE...Small Craft Advisory until 11 PM EDT this evening for AMZ131- 156-158-230-231. Small Craft Advisory until 1 AM EDT Sunday for AMZ135-150-152- 154. && $$ SYNOPSIS...MHX NEAR TERM...RM SHORT TERM...CB LONG TERM...OJC AVIATION...RM/OJC MARINE...CB/OJC
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Morristown TN
909 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023 ...New UPDATE... .UPDATE... Issued at 851 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023 Initial severe threat has lessened and the severe watch was cancelled a bit early. However, any areas that see additional heavy rain will still have a threat for localized flooding, so will keep this in the HWO for tonight. In addition to the lingering showers and a few thunderstorms over our area, there is still convection over KY closer to the slow moving cold front. While the CAMS are not in great agreement they generally show activity gradually diminishing overnight, and will blend in some of the latest guidance with the current forecast to show these trends on the convection. Will also adjust temperatures and dew points which have lowered behind the initial convective line. && .SHORT TERM... (This evening through Sunday) Issued at 308 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023 Key Messages: 1. A few to several strong to severe storms expected this afternoon/evening. Greatest chances will along I-40 and northward, especially across northeast TN and southwest VA. 2. Main threats will be isolated damaging wind gusts and localized flooding due to heavy rainfall. Discussion: Thunderstorms are currently ongoing to our north across central KY within a weak area of surface convergence. CAMs in good agreement that this activity continues to develop and move south into southwest VA and northeast TN around 20Z. Thereafter, these storms will continue to move south into the central East TN Valley. The highest coverage of storms is expected along and north of I-40, with more isolated to scattered activity the further south you go into the southern TN Valley. Current rap analysis on SPC`s meso page shows robust instability across the area with 4000 to 4500 J/kg of SBCAPE and 2500 to 3000 J/kg MLCAPE. Thankfully shear is non- existent so these storms will be of the pulse variety and driven by afternoon heating and outflows. The main threats with these storms will be isolated damaging winds gusts and localized flooding. The wind threat is due to a modest amount of DCAPE with roughly 1000 J/kg in place. The heavy rainfall is due to high PW values and good warm layer cloud depths of around 10kt feet. The steering flow is also very weak with 850-300 mb mean winds of 10 to 15kts. This will allow for slow storm motions thus increasing the flooding threat for areas that get hit by repeated rounds of storms. Latest WPC QPF puts 0.75 to 1" of rain in for most areas across northeast TN and southwest VA this afternoon. Some areas may receive up to 2" of rainfall if they see repeated storms. The activity that is currently ongoing across the central east TN Valley was not forecast well by the CAMS. Given that there are already storms ongoing, and the environment in place, I expect these storms to continue before additional activity moves in from the north. Some of these storms may be strong to severe. CAMS show the bulk of the activity dying off by midnight, with only isolated showers and storms thereafter. Areas that receive rainfall will see locally dense fog overnight. Rainfall chances lower tomorrow with only slight chance to low end chance POPs in place during the afternoon hours. && .LONG TERM... (Sunday night through next Saturday) Issued at 308 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023 Key Messages: 1. Drier weather Monday through Wednesday. 2. Chances for showers and storms return late Wednesday through Saturday. Discussion: Not seeing much in the way of changes with the extended. The pattern generally remains the same, as we start the period with a ridge axis located across the four-corners. Further north, low pressure will remain across Quebec, placing the FA within northwest flow aloft. Surface high pressure will settle across the Ohio Valley, bringing northerly wind and a much drier atmosphere. Mostly dry weather is expected Monday through much of Wednesday. Don`t want to completely rule out a stray shower or two across the mountains, but outside of that the forecast will stay dry. The caveat remains the potential for any MCS activity that develops to the northwest and how that propagates but predictability is still very low. Northerly flow will certainly keep temperatures cooler, more aligned with climatological normals. Chances for precipitation begin to increase late Wednesday associated with a passing disturbance aloft. With high pressure moving off toward the east, southerly flow will increase bringing better moisture back into the area. By late this week and into the weekend, an area of low pressure is progged to lift into the Great Lakes bringing a cold front through or near the area. This will provide additional chances of showers and storms. && .AVIATION... (00Z TAFS) Issued at 646 PM EDT Sat Jul 29 2023 Will see convection around early, with thunderstorms likely impacting TYS and CHA. May be a shower or thunderstorm around later in the forecast, but probability is too low to include for now. Other concern is possible fog development, and right now the highest chance for significant fog looks to be at TRI so will include MVFR/IFR conditions there later tonight. Outside of any convection and fog, mainly VFR conditions are expected all sites. && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... Chattanooga Airport, TN 74 94 71 93 / 20 30 10 10 Knoxville McGhee Tyson Airport, TN 70 91 69 89 / 40 20 10 0 Oak Ridge, TN 70 90 68 88 / 40 20 10 10 Tri Cities Airport, TN 68 87 65 85 / 30 20 20 10 && .MRX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... NC...NONE. TN...NONE. VA...NONE. && $$ SHORT TERM... AVIATION...
...Updated Aviation Forecast Discussion...

.DISCUSSION... Issued at 340 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 Key Messages: - Another round of thunderstorms is possible tonight that could bring damaging winds and hail across much of the area from 12 AM to 8 AM. - Another cooler day is set for Sunday, and could be the last one before next weekend. - Temperatures warm back up into the upper 80s to mid 90s midweek next week, and nightly chances of storms continue every day next week. Today and Tomorrow: Water vapor imagery this afternoon continues to show the mid/upper ridge across the Intermountain West with bits of shortwave energy moving through the stronger upper winds north of the area. To the southeast of the area, the continued MCS from this morning find itself pushing into southern Illinois, leaving behind lowered dewpoints and a processed airmass that still has pockets of 70 degree dewpoints in Nebraska and a nice corridor of them along and north of the Iowa/Missouri line. With the morning showers warding off some of the hottest conditions to the south, highs will only reach the upper 80s for much of the area, with bearable apparent temperatures in the upper 80s to low 90s. Overnight, another assortment of storm activity in the form of an MCS tries to jump start off of low-level jet nosing in north-central Nebraska into south-central South Dakota. 12z runs of the non-hourly convective models continue to focus the storms into southeast Nebraska, while the RAP and HRRR have backed off a decent amount on storm coverage overall. With the morning convection, it seems like an increasing possibility that less activity happens, and similar to the HRRR`s depiction a weaker assortment of small storms will be the case. The most likely start time for storms in the more widespread scenario would be 12 AM to 8 AM, while the weaker and lesser coverage scenario would play out from 2 AM to 8 AM. As far as the daytime hours are concerned, they`ll be largely influenced by the morning and overnight convection. A widespread storm coverage morning could keep temperatures in the low 80s for much of the area while lower storm coverage would mean highs could see a 5 degree bump into the upper 80s and low 90s again. We could also see a cluster of storms pass to the north into north-central Iowa that originated in South and North Dakotas. Monday through Friday: Beginning Monday, the mid/upper pattern begins shifting eastward with the thermal axis centering itself overhead and ushering back in the heat. As of right now, the warmest day looks to be Wednesday, where 100-105+ heat index values are most likely and would be focused along and south of Interstate 80. Tuesday could be warm as well, but less so than Wednesday. Compared to last week, these signals for warm weather aren`t as strong so it may not be the best idea to bet on heat indices of 115 returning. A large part of what is driving the weaker signals of heat is the lower amplitude of the ridge, with shortwaves being driven through the flow just north and west of the area. The warm and moist airmass would serve as easy energy that will have chances to be used up nightly. Overnight thunderstorms seem like they`ll be a mainstay going through next week (though no slam dunk severe chances are apparent). One the bright side, the ridge driving the heat looks like it will be quickly squashed going into Friday where highs in the low 80s are currently forecast and we could stay on the cool side going into the weekend. && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Sunday evening) Issued at 609 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 Generally, VFR conditions are expected to persist through the period. There remains a chance for a few storms to pop up across northeast Nebraska overnight tonight and into Monday morning. Strong winds and hail could be possible with the strongest storms. The best chance for impacts looks to be from 09 to 13Z at KOFK and 12 to 14Z at KOMA. && .OAX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... NE...None. IA...None. && $$ DISCUSSION...Petersen AVIATION...KG
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Nashville TN
823 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 ...New UPDATE... .UPDATE... Issued at 800 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 The heat advisory was allowed to expire at 00Z. Tomorrow/s forecast is not looking as widespread hot so not anticipating needing another advisory. There will still be a few pixels of a heat index of 105 or great close to the river. The first round of convection has moved through Middle TN. The next round associated with the dieing long-lived MCS that initiated over the central Plains this morning is on the doorstep of Steward County. Have used the HRRR to time the precipitation through the grids. The HRRR shows the line moving NW to SE across the forecast area. Not really affecting the southwest counties as of right now. A previous high resolution model run also developed more storms moving across the southwest part of the forecast area by the morning hours...not really seeing that now. The instability across Steward county is quite high with 5800 J/KG of CAPE and LI/s of -11.2. This comes down quite a bit where Lawrence county is only 3400 J/KG of CAPE and LI/s of -8. Knowing this we are still very unstable. So storms could fire back up. Overnight low temperatures will be in the upper 60s to lower 70s. && .SHORT TERM... (This afternoon through Sunday Night) Issued at 156 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 Who ordered the sauna for today? I will be honest, our maximum temperatures will likely not get as high today as previously forecasted. Most of the area is currently in the low to mid 90s. While we still have a few more hours, dew point temps have remain higher than previously forecasted which has likely limited our temp potential a bit. Nonetheless, heat indicies have already reached 105 in several locations this afternoon, with a few locations reading 109 at the current hour. Bigger forecast question for the day remains our shower/thunderstorm chances now through tomorrow morning. CAMs continue to struggle with the evolution of a MCS currently in Missouri. Latest guidance does suggest this weakening a bit before redeveloping a bit closer to our area. If this solution were to play out, timing for our area would likely be late evening to overnight. If the current MCS can hold together, that would likely bringing timing up by a few hours. In addition, already have a few storms firing across the Upper Cumberland with additional pop- up thunderstorms possible this afternoon. Surface boundary sits to our NW, which may provide enough lift to generate some more storms this afternoon. The storms that have developed so far today and developed very quickly, producing lightning almost instantaneously. Luckily, they have also remained sub-severe. We do have strong enough lapse rates and instability that I wouldn`t rule out a strong to severe thunderstorm or two. Main concern would be damaging wind gusts and hail up to the size of quarters. Any shower/thunderstorm activity will move out by the morning hours tomorrow, with a nicer and somewhat cooler day expected. Will highs still be in the 90s? Of course, it`s July...but at least heat indicies should remain below 100 for most of the area. && .LONG TERM... (Monday through next Saturday) Issued at 156 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 A somewhat active weather pattern appears to be shaping up for next week. Upper level trough will remain parked just to our east, with high pressure to our west. We will remain just on the edge of the trough, with northwesterly flow driving most of our weather pattern. Unfortunately this type of set up usually spells multiple shortwaves for our area, so will likely see showers and thunderstorms each afternoon/evening. Pops remain a little low due to the uncertainty in evolution, but do think this will be a bit more than our typical summertime pop up situation. Luckily with this set up it will keep temps closer to normal, with highs in the low 90s and very manageable dew point temps. && .AVIATION... (00Z TAFS) Issued at 612 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 Another line of storms will push through the mid-state later this evening with northwest gusts of 35kts anticipated, but stronger wind gusts can be expected if the line continues to produce severe storms. Frequent lightning will also be a factor and will likely stick around for a couple of hours. Towards sunrise all sites should not have any impacts from the storms and any lingering CIGS should dissipate at CKV, BNA, and MQY but stick around for most of the day at SRB and CSV. && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... Nashville 74 94 72 91 / 60 20 10 10 Clarksville 72 93 70 90 / 80 20 10 10 Crossville 67 86 65 84 / 50 20 10 10 Columbia 72 94 70 91 / 40 30 10 10 Cookeville 70 89 67 86 / 60 20 10 0 Jamestown 69 86 66 84 / 40 10 10 0 Lawrenceburg 71 93 70 90 / 40 30 10 10 Murfreesboro 72 94 70 92 / 60 20 10 10 Waverly 71 92 70 90 / 50 20 10 10 && .OHX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... None. && $$ UPDATE.......12 SHORT TERM...Adcock LONG TERM....Adcock AVIATION.....05
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Paducah KY
653 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 .UPDATE... Issued at 653 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 The convective line is showing signs of weakening, especially on the southern end, but the gusty outflow will sweep through the entire region in the next hour or two. We will start canceling the Severe Watch behind the line shortly. The Heat Advisory will expire on time at 7 PM. The AVIATION section has been updated for the 00Z TAF issuance. && .SHORT TERM...(Tonight through Sunday night) Issued at 320 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 All eyes are on the MCS approaching the STL metro area. It will have a difficult time developing southward due to a lack of shear, although the airmass across southeast Missouri and southern Illinois has recovered from this morning`s convection. The best bet at this time is that this convection will lose some of its organization as it moves east southeast along the I-64 corridor through the early evening. Damaging winds would be the main concern, especially if it maintains its current level of linear organization. After this system moves through, confidence in PoPs later tonight through Sunday night is quite low. We will maintain some chance PoPs mainly over southeast Missouri Sunday with the potential for another disturbance to interact with some decent low-level moisture left over there. If we can warm up ahead of it, some more damaging winds would be possible. Sunday night should be dry. Stayed close to the NBM guidance for temperatures, but ran with the latest HRRR for temperature trends tonight, with the convective outflow expected to progress through the area this evening. .LONG TERM...(Monday through Saturday) Issued at 320 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 The Quad State will be under northwest flow aloft through the period, but the upper ridge will once again attempt to build closer to the region Thursday. The latest guidance has a significant disturbance suppressing the ridge back to the southwest Friday. At the surface, northeast or easterly flow will be the rule Monday and Tuesday and then south winds will return Wednesday which will lead to a warming and moistening trend. Southwest winds will be strongest on Thursday and we may need a Lake Wind Advisory. The heat and humidity may also require another Heat Advisory. As for convective potential, we will continue to be impacted by multiple disturbances in the northwest flow aloft. Given the baroclinic zone to our southwest early in the week, the PoPs are focused over southeast Missouri Monday and Tuesday. As winds become southerly and heights rise from the southwest, PoPs will be focused over the northeast half of the region Wednesday and Thursday. A period of very heavy rainfall with flash flooding potential may develop at some point Tuesday night through Thursday. PoPs will be more widespread with the frontal passage Friday afternoon. Strong to severe storms cannot be ruled out through the week, but should be most concerning the last half of the week and especially with the cold front Friday. The NBM temperature guidance was followed closely through the period. Temperatures will be near or a bit below normal through Wednesday and then climb well above normal Thursday and possibly Friday depending on the frontal timing. They will fall back to near normal levels Saturday. && .AVIATION... Issued at 653 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 Main concern is the line of storms and gust front winds sweeping through the area early this evening. The gust front will clear the entire area by 02Z, and the prevailing TSRA will clear all TAF sites by 02Z as well. Some MVFR rain will continue for a couple of hours behind the line at the northern sites. Overnight, where winds are calm and skies clear, fog development is a good bet. VFR conditions are expected Sunday. && .PAH WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... IL...None. MO...None. IN...None. KY...None. && $$ UPDATE...DRS SHORT TERM...DRS LONG TERM...DRS AVIATION...DRS
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Pueblo CO
252 PM MDT Sat Jul 29 2023 .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Sunday) Issued at 250 PM MDT Sat Jul 29 2023 Key Messages: 1) Scattered thunderstorms persist this evening, with the strongest storms expected along and north of Highway 50. 2) Above normal temperatures to continue. 3) Another round of showers and thunderstorms forming over the mountains by midday Sunday, with the main risks being gusty winds and locally heavy rainfall. Currently...The upper ridge of high pressure continues over the region, while at the surface east to southeast flow has allowed dewpoints in the 50s and 60s to push into the eastern plains up to the I-25 Corridor. Convection fired up over the higher terrain by noon and storm movement has been very slow, with localized heavy rainfall indicated by radar. Temps as of 2 PM have climbed into the 80s for high valleys and El Paso County, and into the 90s for the remainder of the plains. Tonight...Hi-res models are indicating 2000-2500 j/kg of CAPE across the eastern plains this afternoon, with the highest concentration roughly along and north of Highway 50, correlating well with the SPC Marginal and Slight areas for severe wx risk. Bulk shear is weak, so most probable threat concerns will be large hail up to 1.5 inches, strong wind gusts in excess of 60 mph and periods of heavy rain. Even though the focus area stays more northerly, all of the plains and higher terrain will need to be watched since all of this llvl moisture banked up against the eastern slopes is providing plenty of fuel for efficient rainfall, which could lead to flash flooding problems for area burn scars. Models also show that the risk quickly moves east across the plains right around 9 PM as the upper shortwave pushes towards KS and NE. Therefore, definitely a severe wx risk through the early evening, with conditions quickly calming after 9 PM until midnight. Overnight low temps are forecast to be similar to previous nights, with readings in the upper 40s to lower 50s for the high valleys, and 60s across the plains. Tomorrow...The upper pattern changes ever so slightly for tomorrow as the high centroid starts to push east. Overall, Sunday should feel like a repeat though with more of a focus of storm activity tied to the higher terrain. So, plan on quick heating through the morning, giving way to showers and thunderstorms developing over the higher terrain between 11 AM and noon. SPC has the area under a general thunder outlook, but the main threats anticipated are once again strong wind gusts and periods of heavy rainfall which could lead to localized flash flooding. Afternoon high temps will remain about 5 degrees above seasonal normals, so look for highs in the upper 80s to lower 90s for the high valleys, and 90s to near 100F for the plains. As a reminder, multiple days of showers and storms equates to an increasing concern for area burn scars, which will need to be monitored for the potential of flash flooding. Moore .LONG TERM...(Sunday night through Saturday) Issued at 250 PM MDT Sat Jul 29 2023 Key messages: 1) Showers and thunderstorms will continue throughout Sunday evening, mainly over the higher terrain and I-25 corridor. Some of the storms could be strong to severe along and east of the I-25 corridor in El Paso and Pueblo counties, with 60 to 70 mph wind gusts and hail of 1 inch or greater in diameter. 2) Afternoon and evening thunderstorms will be more confined over the mountains from Monday through Tuesday, and drier over the eastern plains. 3) Afternoon and evening thunderstorms will have more widespread coverage next Wednesday through Friday with a better chance of precip over the plains, and some of the storms will likely become severe over the plains. 4) Overall temperature trend will be remain above the seasonal average through the mid part of next week, then there will begin a cooling trend thereafter by the end of next week. Detailed discussion: Sunday night... CAMs have been showing some inconsistencies with regards to the convection for tomorrow evening. The NAMNest and the NSSL are the drier model runs with hardly any convection over the plains, whereas the HRRR and ARW show a much more significant amount of convection over the plains, even continuing into the early morning hours of Monday. Given the very weak shear in place, along with the mid-level flow primarily being out of the south over the plains, it is probably more likely that there will be less in the way of activity across the plains. That being said, if the HRRR/ARW verifies, there could be a developing line of thunderstorms that extends from El Paso County down to Huerfano County around 8 PM, and this will move eastward and off over the eastern plains by later in the evening. There will be some increasing shear by later on around 25 kts and MUCAPE of more than 1500 J/kg in some areas, so there could be a stronger to severe storm that develops along this line. If a severe storm does materialize, it will likely be mainly a strong wind producer of 60 to 70 mph. Although there will also be enough instability in place for updraft strengthening and hail of possibly 1 inch or greater in diameter. As the evening progresses, things should continue to stabilize and become more capped in the PBL, and storms should begin to weaken and dissipate by around 1 to 2 AM. There could still be some showers and maybe an isolated storm continuing over the higher terrain through the morning on Monday. Skies will subsequently begin to clear for most areas, except for the southwestern mountains, but it will still be warmer than average temperatures overnight with lows in the mid to upper 60s over the plains and generally in the upper 40s to mid 50s for high country. Monday through Tuesday... The ridge will remain centered and nearly quasi-stationary over Oklahoma throughout this period in the forecast. This will keep the monsoonal moisture plume along with development of afternoon and evening thunderstorms more confined to the mountains with the mid level flow being more southerly rather than westerly. There could be a few storms that make it out into the adjacent plains but the majority of the plains, and especially the eastern plains, should remain mostly dry through Tuesday. Temperatures will remain above average, with only a very slight cooldown through this period, although some areas of the plains will still likely hit the 100 degree mark. Wednesday through Friday... On Wednesday, deterministic models are continuing to resolve the progression of an upper level low propagating northeastward from off the coast of southern California towards the great basin and eventually to the north of the region as it becomes absorbed into the building ridge over the western states. This will help influence and increase the amount of thunderstorm coverage over the region, especially over the plains as the mid-level flow transitions back to being more westerly. PWAT values with ensembles have been consistently displaying an uptick in precip over the plains as they have in previous days. In addition, increasing shear over the region will also allow for there to be the potential of storms becoming severe, especially over the plains on Thursday and Friday as there will be an increasing southeasterly flow advecting up higher dewpoints. This approaching trough will also help to cool temperatures back to around the seasonal average by Thursday, and even cooler with below seasonal temps on Friday. It will be slightly cooler over the higher terrain on Wednesday as well, yet the downsloping southwesterly winds will keep the lower valleys and plains relatively warmer on Wednesday. -Stewey && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Sunday evening) Issued at 250 PM MDT Sat Jul 29 2023 Generally VFR conditions anticipated for much of the forecast area over the next 24 hours, including the three main TAF sites of KCOS, KPUB and KALS. Convection over the higher terrain this afternoon is expected to affect mainly KCOS and KPUB into the eve so maintained mention of TS in TEMPO group to roughly 03z, along with mention of potential winds gusts to 30 kts. Intermittent MVFR vsby until 03z. Thunder is less likely to move across KALS, though mentioned VCSH with wind gusts up to 20 kts through 01z. Moore && .PUB WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... NONE. && $$ SHORT TERM...MOORE LONG TERM...STEWARD AVIATION...MOORE
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Topeka KS
601 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 ...AVIATION UPDATE... .DISCUSSION... Issued at 247 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 Key points: * More storm chances tonight into Monday morning, mainly in the overnight/early AM periods * Hot temperatures return by Tuesday Morning MCS activity continues to impact local weather, with warm-air advection over the outflow boundary, which has cleared all but far southern Kansas at 18Z, keeping scattered showers and thunderstorms overhead. This has allowed for much cooler temperatures today, with little chance for significant warming to Warning levels. At least small chances for elevated storms linger into the early evening, though the main concern looks to be late tonight into Sunday morning. Though agreement in the models is again lacking, there is some concensus for another MCS to form near/upstream of western Nebraska this evening and take a similar track to this morning`s. Southeast winds with dewpoints near 60 remain in the aforementioned area with isentropic lift over the old outflow/effective cold front supporting this convection downstream. Instability looks weaker than this morning with higher storm bases quite likely. Severe weather potential is thus lower though will need to be watched. This will likely keep afternoon temperatures a bit cooler than recent days again. Another round of overnight activity seems possible late Sunday night into Monday morning with the greater chances in northeast Kansas, though an organized area looks even less likely. The hot low levels build back north and northeast Monday into the middle of next week as surface high pressure pushes east. Another very hot period looks quite likely with high heat indices a good bet. The GFS is again rather extreme and have trended temps back toward the 50th percentile of NBM. A cold front still looks to move through in the late Thursday to Friday time frame for some relief to the heat and decent precipitation chances. && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Monday) Issued at 601 PM CDT Sat Jul 29 2023 23Z Satellite and Radar shows a surface boundary pushing south of the forecast area without any disturbance immediately upstream. With the RAP and NAM showing the low level jet remaining weak until 08Z or 09Z, think the evening will remain dry with mostly clear skies. There is some chance for ground fog by daybreak as seen in the RAP and NAM forecast soundings. But think high clouds from convection off the central high plains will mitigate these chances so that they are to low to include in the forecast at this time. Uncertainty remains in how convection up north develops and moves south early Monday morning. The flow around the upper ridge would suggest any of the high plains convection would remain west of the area. So storms would need to form over SD and there is a reasonable signal for this. But poor continuity from the CAMs and probabilities less than 50% argue for keeping TS out of the forecast for now until confidence in morning storms increases. && .TOP WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... NONE. && $$ DISCUSSION...65 AVIATION...Wolters
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Tucson AZ
221 PM MST Sat Jul 29 2023 .SYNOPSIS...Hot temperatures again today with scattered mainly afternoon and evening showers and thunderstorms. Some storms will generate strong winds and locally heavy rain. An increase in moisture through early next week should result in cooler afternoon temperatures and more numerous and wetter showers and thunderstorms. Drier and hotter again by next weekend. && .DISCUSSION...The afternoon convection is starting about as expected with mountain initiation in the typical locations. Convective potential supports valley storms, especially with outflow off the higher terrain as is currently developing. The HRRR supports another convergent area through eastern Pima county during the very late afternoon and early evening hours. Some storms will once again approach severe levels. The inverted trough currently over Sinaloa into southern Chihuahua will continue to rotate northward over the next 72 hours, directly impacting our weather Sunday night into Monday. NAEFS mean integrated water vapor transport shows an increase across eastern areas tomorrow night into Sunday morning, with a more modest increase area wide Sunday night. Expect it to push surface dewpoints into the lower 60s and precipitable water values closer to 1.5 inches (currently ranging from about 1 inch near the NM border to 1.35 inches west). Elevated storm coverage possible Sunday night with dynamics associated with the trough over southeast Arizona Monday. Busy Monday with a heavy precip threat. One caveat to that; if it ramps up to widespread showers late Sunday night into Monday morning, the resulting lack of insolation during the day Monday might make for less intense storm coverage, even as precip chances remain elevated. Still decent moisture in place Tuesday, but weak subsidence behind the weakening mid level impulse as it lifts north of our area will tend to tamp down storm coverage. Some drying the second half of next week with well below average thunderstorm coverage expected as the ridge builds back in from the east and into a blocking position by Friday or Saturday. Both GEFS and ECMWF thicknesses support a return to 110+ next Saturday. It`s not east to hit 110 in August, with only 11 total 110 days all time recorded in Tucson (4 of them in 2020). Both GEFS and ECMWF 5 day ensemble means suggest positive height anomalies over our area through mid August. Something that even the elevated tropical activity expected off the western Mexico coast over the next 7 days will have a hard time impacting. It looks like the main story will once again shift back to record breaking heat. && .AVIATION...valid through 31/00Z. Isolated to scattered SHRA/TSRA potentially impacting KTUS, KDUG, and KOLS through 29/06Z. Gusty outflow winds to 40+ kts along with VSBY reductions to 3SM or less are possible with TSRA. Outside of thunderstorm outflows, afternoon SFC winds will remain under 15 kts favoring NWLY at KTUS and KOLS, and SELY at KDUG becoming light and terrain driven overnight. Aviation discussion not updated for TAF amendments. && .FIRE WEATHER...Isolated to scattered afternoon and evening showers and thunderstorms are expected across portions of southeast Arizona this afternoon before an increase in coverage and rainfall potential is expected this weekend. Storms will be capable of producing strong, gusty and erratic outflow winds of 45 mph or more. Although sustained 20-foot winds will generally be less than 15 mph today, afternoon gusts to around 25 mph may occur. Hot temperatures 4-6 degrees above normal are possible this afternoon with high temperatures lowering a few degrees Sunday into the middle of next week. Valley min RH readings will generally range between 15-25% today and Sunday, then 20-30% for Monday and Tuesday before drying out to 15-25% on Wednesday and 10-20% for Thursday and Friday. && .TWC WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... None. && $$ Meyer Visit us on Facebook...Twitter...YouTube...and at weather.gov/Tucson