Forecast Discussions mentioning any of "HRRR" "RAP" "RUC13" "RUC" "RR" received at GSD on 09/03/20


Area Forecast Discussion...UPDATED
National Weather Service Aberdeen SD
804 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 .UPDATE... Issued at 802 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 The Red Flag Warning has been allowed to expire. No other changes made to the forecast at this time. UPDATE Issued at 716 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 Minor adjustments made to the Wind Advisory, extending the end time a few hours longer for Brown and Marshall counties. && .SHORT TERM...(This Evening through Thursday Afternoon) Issued at 259 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 Red Flag to near Red Flag Warning conditions remain over the western half of the forecast area, with relative humidity values in the 15 to 25 percent range and winds gusting 25kts to around 35kts. The main concern is the timing of the cold front as it sinks southeast across the CWA. Will rely heavily on the high resolution model solutions to get an hourly trend for late this evening and overnight, particularly the HRRR, RAP13, and GFS1hr, not only for temperatures and dewpoint trends, but winds. 50kt to 60kt winds are being indicated below 5kft off the HRRR at most locations, with gust at the surface mainly in the 30kt to near 45kt range. Will not be out of the question right behind the front to get a few higher winds to mix down. Will continue the Wind Advisory, and keep the timing as is, as it tracks well with the latest thinking. Will be difficult to rule out a few showers over northeastern SD after 03Z Thursday. While not completely out of the question for an isolated lightning strike, have left the potential out for now. Cooler air and lower dewpoints will move in behind the cold front. Expect highs in the 70s, and dewpoints in the mid 30s to mid 40s. This will bring relative humidity values mainly into the 25 to 40 percent range, lowest west of the Missouri River. Northwesterly gusts of 20kts to around 25kts will be possible again Thursday afternoon. Lighter winds and a continued cool airmass will help surface temperatures fall into the upper 40s to low 50s Thursday night. .LONG TERM...(Thursday Evening through Wednesday) Issued at 259 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 A highly amplified mid-level flow pattern is expected to continue over the CONUS through the long term. The pattern will feature a western CONUS ridge and central/eastern CONUS trof. The first part of the period looks mainly dry. However, energy digging southeast across the Plains Sunday night through Monday night should help develop fairly widespread overrunning pcpn on the north side of a front splayed out over the Central Plains. The ECMWF remains more vigilant in dropping energy south into the Great Basin and develops a closed low. The ECMWF is therefore less aggressive in pushing the synoptic cold front as far south and as quickly south as the GEM and especially the GFS. GEPS guidance does lend some credibility to the deterministic ECMWF solution, so the forecast may trend more toward that model in the future. For now the model blend will suffice given the uncertainty in model solutions. Based on the latest 2m and H850 temp anomalies, temperatures should average near to above normal for the first half of the period, but will trend to below normal for the first half of next week. && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Thursday Evening) Issued at 625 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 Terminals KABR,KATY,KPIR,KMBG VFR conditions will prevail across the area tonight and through the day Thursday. A cold front will track across the area tonight, with winds shifting around to the northwest and increasing into the 25kt to 40kt range, with some gusts to 50kts not out of the question. Winds will diminish, but remain breezy, late tonight into the day Thursday. ***Construction to improve taxiways at both KABR/KPIR terminals may cause an occasional temporary visibility reduction due to blowing dust (bldu), mainly during daytime hours UFN. && .ABR WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... SD...Wind Advisory until midnight CDT /11 PM MDT/ tonight for SDZ003>005-009-010-015-016. Wind Advisory until 3 AM CDT /2 AM MDT/ Thursday for SDZ008-011- 017>023-033>037-045-048-051. Wind Advisory until 3 AM CDT Thursday for SDZ006-007. MN...Wind Advisory until 3 AM CDT Thursday for MNZ039-046. && $$ UPDATE...Parkin SHORT TERM...KF LONG TERM...TDK AVIATION...Parkin
Area Forecast Discussion...UPDATED
National Weather Service Amarillo TX
712 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 .AVIATION... For the 00Z TAFs, a weak cold front will move across the region Thursday morning, with winds becoming north at all TAF sites. Little to no cloud cover is expected. Otherwise, VFR conditions are anticipated at KGUY, KDHT, and KAMA through late Thursday afternoon. 02 && .PREV DISCUSSION... /Issued 237 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020/ SHORT TERM (today through tomorrow)... Taking a look at water vapor imagery, we can see the upper level low finally starting to exit the region. As of 1:30 PM, it was centered roughly over southern parts of the TX Panhandle. Ahead of the low, there is a jet streak at 300 mb, and the left exit region is helping produce just enough ageostrophic circulation to allow divergence aloft and hence lift in the east. Thunderstorms are ongoing as of writing this across eastern parts of the TX Panhandle. This area is uncapped with about 1500 J/kg of MLCAPE as suggest by the RAP analysis. Effective shear is very weak in this area. In fact, all other thermodynamic/kinematic variables are weak, so not expecting severe weather, but there is a window until about 5-6 PM where we could have ordinary thunderstorms across eastern parts of the forecast area. As the upper low pushes east, subsidence will be observed on the back side, and we should see skies generally clearing. Wind speeds will become light and variable tonight. A cold front will push in from the north tomorrow, and while the front might not make it completely through the area, we should see a northerly wind develop for a majority of the forecast area. With plenty of sunshine tomorrow, highs will be able to reach the mid 80s to mid 90s; cooler temperatures anticipated across the northern half of the area. Guerrero LONG TERM... By Friday morning the FA will be under NW flow aloft then quickly turned to northerly flow in the evening. This will be due to an upper level high pressure system moving into California and Nevada by Friday evening. By Sunday the high will spread east over the Four Corners Region and spread enough to reach the combined Panhandles. Daytime highs are looking to be well above normal on Sunday afternoon with highs in the mid to upper 90s. Clear skies over the weekend will go away at the start of next week. Cooler temperatures and more cloud cover will moved into the area Monday night into Tuesday. Confidence in timing is low at the moment due to model disagreements. However, there looks to be a very stout upper level trough that will dig down through the Northern Rockies or the Northern Plains. Again depending on the timing of the upper level trough and the associated surface front, the FA will be looking at some daytime and nighttime temperatures well below normal. Not quite freezing yet, just really cool compared to an last month that was well above normal. Chances for showers and thunderstorms will also return to the area with this system. Have stuck with NBM PoPs and temperatures at this point. Winds are looking somewhat breezy behind the surface cold front. Which, by the NBM doesn`t make it here until early Tuesday. It is still a ways out, but winds could be much higher than what models are showing at this time, especially the NBM. Neighboring forecast offices have already started talking to collaborate on upping the wind speeds in the forecast behind the front on Tuesday. The general consensus at this time is to use Superblend for wind speeds at this time. Hoffeditz && .AMA Watches/Warnings/Advisories... TX...None. OK...None. && $$
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Bismarck ND
1056 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 .UPDATE... Issued at 1040 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 Cold front has now passed through the entirety of the CWA. Many areas saw wind gusts over 50 MPH, and a lot of areas experienced gusts over 60 MPH along the front perhaps enhanced by low topped convection. Current observations showing winds on a general diminishing trend behind the front, expect for areas near the front front where some post frontal showers are perhaps mixing down the strong 850 mb winds. Given RH values are on the rise, while winds are generally diminishing have let the Red Flag Warning expire. Winds for the most part in the Wind Advisory areas have diminished below criteria and lack any shower activity to mix down winds. As a result have let mush of the Wind Advisory expire except across northeastern zones. The High Wind Warning remains tricky as post frontal winds are still hitting at least advisory criteria, with scattered showers bringing the potential to mix down higher gusts. Will leave the High Wind Warning for now and reevaluate at a later update. Remainder of the forecast overall remains on track. Adjusted pops slightly for lingering showers in the south. Min temps tonight look to be in the 40s with some 50s in areas with lingering cloud cover. Thursday looks to be cool with perhaps some breezy winds, although not as high as today. UPDATE Issued at 709 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 Cold front moving across the state is causing for areas of strong winds and critical fire danger. Some sites are seeing gusts 60 MPH or higher, with sustained winds near or over 40 MPH. A few of these winds gusts have been enhanced by shallow convection although they are all generally along the synoptic cold front. Have decided to issue a High Wind Warning for passage of this front for a brief period of strong winds this evening. Strongest winds will again come along this front and any weak convective showers. For the stronger convective storms will continue to monitor for more short lived convective wind gusts and issue any needed severe thunderstorm warnings. Either way wind gusts near 70 MPH are possible this evening. && .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Thursday night) Issued at 314 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 Strong winds and critical fire weather conditions through this evening remain the primary message of our forecast. As of 20 UTC, a surface warm front is approaching the James River valley, with deep mixing and increasing low- and midlevel winds in its wake within the warm sector of an approaching Alberta clipper. Critical fire weather conditions are ongoing in western and parts of central ND, and RAP-based Fosberg index values support high- end values of 60 to 70 in southwestern ND through late afternoon with wind gusts of 50 mph and minimum RH values around 15 percent. This is a serious situation and reflects a higher-end Red Flag Warning. A strong cold frontal passage is still expected beginning late this afternoon in northwest ND and through the remainder of the area this evening. Upstream pressure 3-hour pressure rises on the order of 6-8 mb are forecast to intensify further with recent RAP and HRRR cycles forecasting a rather impressive 10 mb/3 hour area of pressure rises moving through western and south central ND in the 23 to 03 UTC time frame. Upstream, observed post-frontal gusts have mainly peaked in the 45 kt range, though a few spots within north central and northeastern MT have touched the 50 kt speed, and recent Glasgow radar imagery reveals 70 kt winds within 3000 to 5000 ft AGL. The 17 UTC HRRR cycle was higher with peak winds in the post-frontal mixed layer than its prior cycles, but the 18 UTC HRRR arrived a bit lower, supporting peak winds at the top of the boundary layer mainly in the 42 to 47 kt range this evening. Thus, after much consideration we are holding with a Wind Advisory instead of upgrading to a High Wind Warning, though we gave it very serious consideration and later observational trends could still necessitate such an adjustment. Elsewhere, we added the rest of east central ND to a Wind Advisory, and kept that eastern section from Rolla down to Jamestown and Ellendale valid until 09 UTC in collaboration with NWS Grand Forks. Otherwise, weak instability associated with the frontal passage may still drive convection and downdraft-enhanced winds, especially in central ND where CAMs are most aggressive with the coverage of convection. Given sufficient lightning, we may need to issue Severe Thunderstorm Warnings to handle this higher-order wind potential that would be less widespread outside of the newly issued High Wind Warning. On Thursday, mixed-layer winds will remain sufficient for breezy to windy conditions in residual cyclonic flow behind the exiting shortwave trough. Forecast soundings suggest mean boundary layer winds on the order of 20-25 kt in central ND, and closer to 20 kt in western ND. Highs will be cooler, in the mid 60s to lower 70s F, and it appears the stronger winds will not overlap with the lowest humidity, the latter of which will be in western ND. The winds may begin to relax by afternoon in the west, too, when a surface ridge axis begins to approach the region. That ridge is forecast to cross the area Thursday night, likely creating a favorable scenario for radiational cooling, so we relied on the cooler, MOS-based guidance for lows in that period since it often verifies well in those scenarios. We`re thus calling for lows in the 40 to 45 F range over the entire area Thursday night. .LONG TERM...(Thursday night through Wednesday) Issued at 314 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 A warming trend is expected through Saturday, but then confidence remains high in a shift to a colder weather pattern by early next week, albeit with uncertainty in timing of the transition. Global ensemble guidance is closely clustered in simulating rising heights aloft Friday and Saturday with corresponding low- and mid- level warm air advection beneath broad northwest flow aloft. This is reflected in NBM-based temperature forecasts which have highs in the 75 to 85 F range Friday area-wide, and around 90 F in the southwest on Saturday. Low-level southerly flow may increase on Saturday, potentially leading to elevated fire weather concerns. Thereafter, middle- and upper-level ridging in the southwest U.S. is forecast to retrograde and amplify off the west coast, though ensemble guidance varies with the degree and position of the 500 mb height anomalies. GEFS-based guidance has remained the most progressive with corresponding downstream troughing across the central U.S., and in particular with the lead shortwave which is expected to herald that pattern change. Ensemble-based cluster analysis has offered some support for a slower scenario over the last 24 hours, and indeed the spread in NBM membership for highs on Sunday -- the most likely period of pattern transition -- has increased significantly over western and central ND. The mean of the NBM has shifted warmer with highs on Sunday with the forecast highs now in the 70s F, though the simple, one standard deviation of NBM membership ranges from the mid 60s to lower 90s F Sunday. Thereafter, guidance agrees that a cold front will have arrived by Labor Day, though the westward extent and amplitude of the middle and upper-level troughing is uncertain, with the 12 UTC ECMWF the most aggressive, cutting off a 500 mb by midweek. That particular model core does have a tendency to be overly aggressive with cut- off lows, but this exemplifies the uncertainty. Regardless, CIPS analogs, which are driven by the GEFS, support a high confidence in well below normal temperatures and high probabilities of the first widespread frost of the season Monday night and Tuesday night. NBM-based guidance similarly supports that, as well as a period of increased precipitation chances centered on Labor Day as the initial upper-level trough develops across the region. && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Thursday evening) Issued at 709 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 Strong winds along a cold front will be found through this evening with many sites seeing gusts over 50 knots. Showers along this front could also bring brief MVFR conditions through this evening. Showers and wind then diminish after 05z_Thursday (tonight) with perhaps some lingering low to mid level clouds producing MVFR conditions. By Thursday morning widespread VFR conditions look to return. Winds may be breezy at times in the afternoon, although not as high as recent days. && .FIRE WEATHER... Issued at 1055 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 Cooling temperatures behind the cold front has rapidly rebounded RH values this evening. Much of the area is also seeing winds diminish. As a result have let the Red Flag Warning expire across western and central ND. The pattern of dry northwest flow looks to continue through the rest of the week and into Saturday. Each day will have RH values lowering, especially in the west where teens and 20s are possible. Breezy winds are possible each day, although critical fire danger criteria may just be shy. Regardless at least elevated fire danger may continue through Saturday, and those with fire weather interests should monitor the latest forecast. && .BIS WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... High Wind Warning until midnight CDT /11 PM MDT/ tonight for NDZ019>023-033>036-040>047-050. Wind Advisory until 4 AM CDT Thursday for NDZ005-013. High Wind Warning until 4 AM CDT Thursday for NDZ025-037-048-051. && $$ UPDATE...Anglin SHORT TERM...CJS LONG TERM...CJS AVIATION...Anglin
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Caribou ME
1010 PM EDT Wed Sep 2 2020 .SYNOPSIS... A frontal system will stall across the area overnight into Thursday. Another cold front will cross the region Friday. High pressure will build across the region Saturday and move east of the area Sunday. Another frontal system is expected to slide across the region during the day on Monday && .NEAR TERM /THROUGH THURSDAY/... 10:10 pm update: We made some adjustments on pops for the Eastern areas based on the latest radar data and model trends. Showers continue to track east across eastern Quebec. As these showers move into the North Woods there may be some embedded thunderstorms. Otherwise no significant changes were made at this time. Previous discussion: A warm front or warm occlusion is expected to lift into the region this afternoon w/warming continuing. Dewpoint in the upper 40s and 50s will rise through the evening into the 60s throughout the entire CWA. The latest sfc analysis showed this warming as dewpoints back across the western areas were already in the upper 50s. Radar showed some showers out ahead of the occluded front moving across wrn and nwrn areas pushing to the ne. Rainfall associated w/this first batch of showers is fairly light. Another batch of showers expected to arrive this evening as the occlusion arrives into the region. There does look like a line of enhanced reflectivity shows up right ahead of the boundary between 03-06z w/some strong wind gusts. The last two runs of the HRRR picked up on this line. The 12z UA showed a strong jet max of 50 kts at the 850-700mb layer over Lake Huron and Ontario, Canada. This feature is shown by the high resolution guidance such as the NAM12/RAP and NAMNEST to make its way into the region this evening into overnight hrs. The NAMNEST was the most aggressive and ominous to say the least w/showing 50 mph gusts in some sites across western and northern areas. This could be a tad strong as the soundings show some crossing of the winds w/SW winds overrunning a SSE winds in the blyr. Therefore, that jet max will be tempered from mixing down to the sfc initially. However, this looks like it will change later in the evening as winds align just ahead of the front allowing for those stronger winds to mix down. Another factor to aid this mixing will be the increasing dewpoints and the potential for some elevated convection. Sounding data does show elevated CAPE 200-300 joules w/PWS 1.5+ inches, plus 0-6km shear of 45+ kts. Decided to stay w/the midnight crew`s assessment to have isolated tstms. Wind gusts were increased to account for the mixing of those stronger winds aloft. The Hazardous Weather Outlook was updated to highlight the strong wind gusts through late evening and the potential for some snapped tree limbs and power outages. Another item to mention of the heavy rainfall w/that expected line later this evening given the high PWS. Activity should wind down during the morning hrs and the showers move se. Kept the mention of fog w/the wet ground and slight cooling for tonight. Last batch of showers to be exiting Washington County Thursday morning w/the occlusion stalling or washing out across the Downeast region. The 12z GFS shows some light rain showers across the Downeast region while the NAM shows some light activity right along the immediate coast. There is some weak convergence noted by the NAM along the Downeast coast. There is a weak upper disturbance that appears to move ne in the broad sw flow aloft. This would be enough to trigger some to some showers. The caveat is that the column begins to dry out above 800mbs by late morning. The 12Z NAM and GFS show this setup. Highest chances for showers is over the coastal waters. Therefore, carried 20% pops for some showers the interior Downeast and coast. It will be humid w/temps above normal for the 1st week of September. && .SHORT TERM /THURSDAY NIGHT THROUGH SATURDAY/... The CWA will be between two weather systems Thursday night. To the east, a strengthening LLJ across Nova Scotia and eastern New Brunswick...to the west, an elongated front from low pressure north of the Great Lakes. The strengthening LLJ will bring some moisture onshore across Downeast into Southern Aroostook. This moisture is located towards the mid-levels and surface, with a healthy dry layer in between. It will take time for this layer to saturate, and wont count on it to enhance the chance of showers before the air mass tracks out of the state. Kept slight chance of showers in there for the advent some convergence starts some showers as well as some elevated instability towards midnight. Perhaps the more sure item will be fog over the waters and moving inland overnight. The low level moisture will get trapped below an inversion as sfc temps cool and onshore flow keeps the environment moist. The weak front will pass over much of the CWA during the early morning hours into early afternoon Downeast. Expect this to wick away the last of the moisture and fog with the afternoon becoming mostly sunny in dry NW flow. Winds will be a bit breezy across the north, but the angle of attack for the front isnt conducive to stronger gusts of wind. In addition, stronger 850 and 925 winds are placed north of Maine. Dry weather continues Friday night into Saturday as a longwave trough slowly tracks north of the region. Some isolated showers may develop across the far north during the afternoon as lapse rates steepen with some moisture in the low levels. Elsewhere, high temps will be cooler with highs around 70 Downeast and mid- 60s in the Central Highlands and north.&& .LONG TERM /SATURDAY NIGHT THROUGH TUESDAY/... Saturday night the departing trough flattens and SW flow develops in the low levels. High pressure that had been over the South, departs for the Mid-Atlantic, forming some return flow into the Northeast. The GFS is aggressive with developing low pressure over the Great Lakes Sunday evening and overnight, tracking it through the St Lawrence River. ECMWF and Canadian solutions develop this system over the Upper Midwest. A stronger high pressure presence over New England keeps the effects of this system at bay, passing it to the north. There remains too much uncertainty for much forecaster confidence in this setup, and continue to keep PoPs on the lower end. Both of those solutions to support a warming trend however. Expect this to occur through mid-week as some SW flow helps advect warmer temps, and S return flow keeps some moisture around. && .AVIATION /02Z THURSDAY THROUGH MONDAY/... NEAR TERM: IFR to low end MVFR conditions are expected the remainder of tonight for all terminals w/some showers. There will be a period of LIFR especially later this evening into the overnight hrs ahead of the occluded front. LLWS is expected overnight w/winds of 45 kt at 2k ft. Thursday...MVFR early becoming VFR by mid morning for the northern terminals and KBGR. MVFR looks like it will hang on a bit longer for KBHB into late afternoon. SHORT TERM: Thursday night through Friday...Generally VFR/MVFR with a chance of showers. However, IFR/LIFR possible during the overnight and early morning hours both Thursday and Friday with low clouds and fog at Downeast terminals. West winds light overnight, 10-15 kt during the afternoon. Saturday through Sunday...VFR. Slight chance of an afternoon shower across northern Aroostook county Saturday. West wind becoming S Sunday night. Monday...VFR, some afternoon showers across Aroostook terminals possible. && .MARINE... NEAR TERM: Winds and seas will remain below small craft advisory overnight. A few gusts to 25 kts over the outer zones overnight. Seas will respond w/heights building to 3-4 ft late. Showers and fog will limit vsby. For Thu, S winds will drop off to around 10 kt as the llvl jet lifts to ne by morning. Seas will hold around 4 ft. There will be showers and fog around which could limit vsby. SHORT TERM: Waves 2 to 4 ft will diminish to 2 to 3 Saturday afternoon through Sunday night. Waves increase again Monday 4 to 5 ft where a SCA may be needed. S winds will be come WSW through the weekend increasing towards 20 kt Monday afternoon. && .CAR WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... ME...None. MARINE...None. && $$ Near Term...CB/Hewitt/Sinko Short Term...Cornwell Long Term...Cornwell Aviation...CB/Hewitt/Sinko/Cornwell Marine...CB/Hewitt/Sinko/Cornwell
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Grand Forks ND
1040 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 .UPDATE... Issued at 1040 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 Dynamically enhanced convective line continues to move east over northwest/west central MN with southerly flow ahead of this line feeding enough instability to continue to maintain strength despite minimal MLCAPE analyze around 500 J/KG in warm sector. This is riding along a Warm frontal zone with DCAPE in excess of 1000 J/KG and orthogonal to strongest part of the line is a strong LLJ/mid level jet continuing to provide ample shear and forcing. We continue to receive severe wind reports with this line and with environment holding steady it may continue to be severe until it exits our CWA to the west. Regarding Wind Advisories: There is a post frontal lull where low level inversion is likely inhibiting mixing now, but we are still seeing observed gusts 40-47 mph in our far west lingering. The secondary surge of 925-850 mb CAA is less defined in current suite of RAP/NAM for the overnight period and more towards daybreak when winds aloft may not be as strong. There is an upstream PV anomaly and region of subsidence showing up on WV imagery to our west which could help momentum transfer despite decoupling. HRRR continues to show consistent run to run signal for 35-40kt winds late tonight, so I am not inclined to at this stage to change ongoing Wind Advisories. UPDATE Issued at 806 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 A strong cold front is starting to move into our west CWA with showers and thunderstorms along and ahead of this lite, and additional showers expanding into west central MN. While MLCAPE is relatively low in eastern ND there is higher DCAPE values greater than 1000 J/KG and a strong low-mid level jet leading to effective shear values in the 55-65kt range orientated orthogonally to the cold front. The strongest winds immediately along and behind the front are likley enhanced by showers, but there is a stronger convective enhancement due to those environmental factors where thunderstorms have developed. Observations further west of our area vary within these diverse environments (some locations dominated by synoptic/frontal momentum transfer and others enhanced by convective processes). As the sun sets and this DCAPE axis moves southeast the stronger convective component should drop off, and the initial frontal burst of winds should drop off. There is also still a stronger surge of CAA later tonight that is shown by RAP/NAM to progress eastward before loosing momentum in northwest MN. Short range models show 40-50 mph gust potential further north and east than the original advisory. Where it looses momentum/mixing during the overnight/early morning period is a tough call. It is possible the strong winds may not make it as far east, and at the same time some HRRR ensemble members shows the strong winds making all the way to Lake of the Woods. Decision was made to bump up the start time for our western advisory and then add counties to our north and east to cover the potential of this the late night surge of winds, but did not go quiet as far east as outlying models indicate. Will monitor trends this evening to see how it evolves. && .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Thursday night) Issued at 308 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 Winds the primary concern this evening into the overnight as low pressure traverses the CWA. Strong forcing associated with the SFC low and along a boundary with strong cold advection will create showers and possible thunderstorms with ML CAPE 500J/kg. This activity is expected to move quickly west to east late this afternoon into the evening with downdraft CAPE values up to 1000J/kg nosing into the warm sector. There in lies the potential for showers and or thunderstorms to mix down some of the stronger winds aloft. The HRRR has consistently developed a line of activity with gusts over 50mph across central ND. The trend in the CAMS has been a touch slower with the line and subsequently bringing those strong winds into the Devils Lake area in the 6pm time frame. With less instability in the valley those winds do decrease as the line weakens. Mixing does increase in the wake of the cold front within the CAA regime and the potential to mix down 850mb winds overnight for the Devils Lake basin down into the Wahpeton area with gusts to 50mph. Thursday will see showers end in the east in the morning. Breezy conditions are in store as NW winds gust to 35 mph and highs struggle into the mid 60s. .LONG TERM...(Friday through Wednesday) Issued at 308 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 The principal opportunity for impactful weather will most likely present itself early next week, in the form of the potential for isolated to scattered patches of frost. At the start on Fri, we would look for temps to trend upward into the 70s after a cooler Thu and the trend should continue into a seasonable Sat. A front swinging through early Sun could provide a RW/TRW chance, but a dearth of moisture/instability would prevent any impactful precipitation amounts. Behind the front will be colder air lowering temps during a breezy Sun aftn. Labor Day will offer high temps that will be most likely shy of 60 degrees for most places. Some guidance presents pcpn chances as a system swings to the south. Then we head toward the impactful weather chances. The possibility for areas of frost will present, more likely Tue night into early Wed. This will largely depend on cloud cover and wind speed. During this time frame, ensemble 850 mb temps are projected to "MIN out" with our region in the bullseye of some sub zero C. temps. && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Thursday evening) Issued at 753 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 Several periods of strong winds will move through the region, with directions shifting from the south to east to northwest as a cold front moves across eastern ND and northwest MN. In addition, a large cluster of showers and embedded strong to severe storms is moving into eastern ND. While most of this activity should weaken before it reaching KGFK there will still be enhanced wind gusts possibility and a period of lighting activity. Expect showers/storms to end late this evening/early Thursday morning, with a period of MVFR stratus possible in northwest MN in the morning period. && .FGF WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... ND...Wind Advisory until 6 AM CDT Thursday for NDZ008-016-027-030. Wind Advisory until 5 AM CDT Thursday for NDZ006-007-014-015-024- 026-028-029-038-039-049-052>054. MN...Wind Advisory until 6 AM CDT Thursday for MNZ001>005-007-008- 013>015-022-027-029-030-040. $$ UPDATE...DJR SHORT TERM...JK LONG TERM...WJB AVIATION...DJR
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
National Weather Service Sioux Falls SD
952 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 .UPDATE... Issued at 951 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 Strong cold front now through about the northwest third of the Rushmore state, featuring trailing 7-8hPa/3h pressure rises and up to around 40 kts flow off-surface, along with a 15-20 degree temperature drop in the couple hours after passage. Likely will have a brief period of stronger gusts shortly after the frontal passage, perhaps locally as high 45 to 50 mph, but much more likely 40 to 45 mph with some gradual stabilizing this evening ahead of the front. HRRR has been playing catch-up on winds, and continues to suggest that the further southeast the boundary progresses, the lesser the wind gusts should be. Thoughts of adding a wind advisory for areas from MML-FSD-YKN and west, but likely will a fairly marginal event. The winds then should drop off somewhat in the cold advection zone, still quite breezy, before increasing gustiness again during the morning hours. Highest sustained winds may occur by mid- to late morning before dropping back through the afternoon. All in all, should be a couple periods of marginal advisory conditions (gusts to at least 45 mph/sustained over 30 mph). Otherwise, will add in a few sprinkles along the northern tier from around Brookings eastward, but that should be about the best the mid-level skinny and shallow instability atop the very dessicated formers surface-based mixed layer is likely to render. && .SHORT TERM...(This Evening through Thursday) Issued at 247 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 Gusty southwest winds developing across the area ahead of a strong cold front moving through the region tonight. As of 19Z, cold front had worked into western North Dakota with winds gusting to 35-40 knots. Strong mixing today has lead to elevated fire weather conditions across the region late this afternoon as RHs have fallen to 25-30 percent and winds gusting to 20-25 mph. Expect winds to keep temperatures fairly mild through the evening hours, but as cold front moves through, strong low level cold air advection will lead to much cooler conditions by morning. With the strong cold air advection, atmosphere becomes quasi-mixed, and could see wind gusts approach 40-45 mph overnight. Considered a short duration wind advisory for areas behind the front, but with short term guidance suggesting limited mixing, will hold off for the time being. Much cooler conditions expected tomorrow with mixing leading to gusts around 30 knots for the better part of the day on Thursday. With 850 hpa temperatures falling into the upper single digits C, expect high temperatures in the 70s F. Could also see elevated fire weather conditions again tomorrow with the gusty winds, but with the cooler conditions, relative humidity values are not expected to be as critical as today. .LONG TERM...(Thursday Night through Wednesday) Issued at 247 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 Looking at a warming trend into the weekend as warmer temperatures associated with upper ridge in the west expand eastward. Shortwave is expected to move southeast Saturday night across the Northern Plains. Models are suggesting steep lapse rates through the middle levels of the troposphere. If shortwave is strong enough to lead to saturation, will likely see thunderstorms. Models are differing on the location of these storms, with the GFS being a bit farther east than the ECMWF. Have increased pops in the chance range Saturday night into Sunday morning east of I-29. Strong cold front is expected to move south across the region on Monday. Potential for scattered showers behind the front as a series of disturbances pass through the region as a cut off low develops across the intermountain west. This pattern looks to hold for the better part of next week, leading to highs mainly in the 60s and the potential for patchy frost Wednesday and Thursday morning. && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Thursday evening) Issued at 658 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 Wind providing the highest concerns for the 00z TAF set this evening. First will come the prefrontal non-convective low-level wind shear with winds indicated up to 50-55kts within the 1500-2000ft AGL layer, while likely at least partially decoupling at the surface. With frontal passage, will then see strong isallobaric push (8-10hPa/3h rises) with northwest winds aloft readily mixing with the strong cold advection. Models not particularly skillful thus far in ongoing stronger wind areas, and likely are underestimating the potential gusts in the couple hours following frontal passage, which could easily be in the upper 30s to lower 40s kts. Mixing will continue through Thursday with gusts above 25 kts likely to continue much of the day. && .FSD WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... SD...NONE. MN...NONE. IA...NONE. NE...NONE. && $$ UPDATE...Chapman SHORT TERM...BT LONG TERM...BT AVIATION...Chapman
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Fort Worth TX
735 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 .SHORT TERM... /NEW/ /Through Thursday Night/ North and Central Texas remains in a fairly complex weather pattern as an abundance of moisture continues to stream across the region. Rain chances remain in the forecast this afternoon, with an uptick in precipitation expected tonight, mainly south of I-20. Rain chances will slightly decrease tomorrow afternoon as the strongest forcing for ascent moves farther to the east. The main upper trough is now located across the Texas Panhandle, gradually making its way to the east/southeast. With increasing forcing for ascent as the upper trough approaches, a skeletal line of showers and storms has developed from the Texas Panhandle through Central Oklahoma. Although this thin line may be surging south/southeast quickly, it will be moving into an airmass that is less favorable for thunderstorm maintenance. Much of North Texas experienced plenty of cloud cover for much of the morning and afternoon, reducing the amount of instability available. Furthermore, the latest RAP analysis suggest the best surface moisture convergence will keep much of the precipitation just west of our area. Cant rule out a few storms from impacting areas northwest of the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex this evening, but overall intensity is expected to be on a downward trend. The next area that will need to be closely monitored will be a subtle boundary currently sitting along to just south of the I-20 corridor. Mass convergence seems to be maximized in the region, with precipitable water values in excess of 2 inches. Confidence is increasing that another round of widespread rain will develop as we approach midnight along the boundary. As has been the case in the past several days, efficient rain producing thunderstorms will lead to heavy rainfall. Given the multiple rounds of rain the past few days, the risk for flash flooding will increase if any one storm lingers for too long. Some areal changes have been made to the Flash Flood Watch to account for this potential. By sunrise tomorrow morning, much of the forcing for ascent will have moved into our southern half, keeping much of the precipitation confined to areas south of I-20. A decreasing low- level jet will be reducing the influx of available moisture into the area, likely reducing the precipitation rates. Rainfall coverage tomorrow is likely to stay isolated across North Texas and scattered across Central Texas. At this time, there is no need to extend the Flash Flood Watch any further than 7AM tomorrow morning. Highs will remain in the mid to upper 80s throughout much of the region, with a few 90s possible in the Brazos Valley. Low rain chances will remain in the forecast tomorrow night as the main upper level forcing stalls across Central Texas. If storms do develop tomorrow night, confidence remains too low to pinpoint exact locations or amounts. Hernandez && .LONG TERM... /Issued 224 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020/ /Thursday night through Wednesday/ The mid level trough responsible for the recent unsettled weather will weaken as it moves slowly to the east Thursday night through Friday. Although large scale lift will gradually decrease, moisture (through about 500 mb) along with a diffuse, stalled frontal boundary, will linger across the region, keeping at least some low shower/thunderstorm chances. Since storm coverage will be limited, the additional rainfall should not result in any major flooding issues. Large scale subsidence will increase across the region Saturday through Monday as an upper ridge temporarily builds in from the west. Scattered showers and thunderstorms will still be possible on Saturday, especially during the afternoon hours. Sunday and Monday will likely be rain-free for most, but we will keep some slight chances PoPs across the southeast where subsidence will be the weakest and moisture will be the most abundant. The building upper ridge will result in decreasing clouds through the weekend and warming temperatures. Highs Friday and Saturday will range from the mid 80s to near 90, but most locations will be back in the low 90s Sunday and Monday. Lows Thursday night through Monday night will be in the lower 70s, except for some upper 60s in the north and west. The focus early next week will be on a large scale pattern shift with a long wave trough forecast to deepen across the eastern 2/3rds of the country. The ECMWF and GFS solutions still differ on the fate of the upper trough and timing of the cold front with the ECMWF being the deeper and slower solution. For now we will continue to split difference on the timing of the front with FROPA in North Texas around Tuesday afternoon. Rain and thunderstorms will likely accompany the cold front followed by much cooler, breezy and drier conditions for Wednesday. It still appears that many locations could be in the 50s by sunrise Wednesday and highs could struggle to make it out of the 70s Wednesday afternoon. 79 && .AVIATION... /NEW/ /00Z TAFs/ Overall, fairly quiet weather conditions are ongoing throughout much of North and Central Texas compared to earlier today. Weak reflectivity echoes are being picked up generally along and south of I-20 this afternoon as scattered showers continue. As the low- level jet picks up this evening, additional moisture is expected to lead to the redevelopment of precipitation south of I-20. The heaviest precipitation is expected to remain south of the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex, with occasional showers impacting the airports overnight. Thunderstorm activity is expected to be highest across Central Texas, where moisture content and ascent will be greater. Thunderstorm chances will be greatest between 10-13Z with the main threat being lightning and heavy rain. IFR conditions will likely prevail within the same time period given the combination of low ceilings and poor visibility. Thunderstorm chances will gradually diminish and ceilings will improve as we approach daybreak, but the potential for precipitation cannot be dismissed entirely the rest of the day. Plenty of moisture and weak forcing for ascent will be in place tomorrow afternoon, therefore, VCSH will remain in the forecast. Winds at both Waco and DFW will remain out of the south/southeast, generally between 05-10 knots. The exception will be during ongoing precipitation, where higher wind gusts will be possible. Hernandez && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... Dallas-Ft. Worth 74 87 73 87 73 / 60 40 30 40 20 Waco 74 87 73 89 72 / 50 50 50 40 30 Paris 72 84 70 84 69 / 60 50 30 40 10 Denton 73 87 71 87 71 / 40 40 30 30 20 McKinney 73 86 71 87 70 / 50 40 30 40 20 Dallas 74 88 74 88 73 / 60 40 40 40 20 Terrell 74 86 71 88 70 / 70 50 40 50 20 Corsicana 74 85 73 86 72 / 70 50 50 40 30 Temple 73 88 72 89 71 / 70 50 50 40 40 Mineral Wells 72 87 69 86 68 / 50 30 30 40 20 && .FWD WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... Flash Flood Watch until 7 AM CDT Thursday for TXZ091>095-100>107- 115>120-123-129>133-141>144-156>160-174. && $$ 8
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Lincoln IL
926 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 .SYNOPSIS... Issued at 248 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 A frontal boundary will stall along the Ohio Valley tonight and tomorrow with a chance of showers and thunderstorms as far north as the I-70 corridor. Elsewhere in central Illinois expect dry weather through at least Saturday. && .UPDATE... Issued at 920 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 Spotty showers/light rain will continue to affect our far southeast counties through 3-4 am. No thunder is expected due to limited elevated instability. The next concern will be fog formation along and south of I-72. HRRR, RAP and NAMnest continue to point toward a corridor of dense fog starting after 09z. High cloud coverage could limit that potential a bit, but am seeing more signals for fog under the strong low level inversion, per BUFKIT sounding analysis. Have added areas of fog in that area earlier this evening, and would not be surprised if a dense fog advisory is needed at some point later tonight. && .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Thursday) ISSUED AT 248 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 This afternoon, a cold front is located near the I-70 corridor and is slowly pushing south. Occasional showers are expected out ahead of the front and cannot rule out an isolated thunderstorm, though the overall threat is low with weak mid level lapse rates and cloud cover hampering afternoon destabilization. Further north, expect the rest of the area to be quiet through tonight as weak high pressure builds in from the southwest. On Thursday, another cold front is expected to push across the region. A very dry air mass will be in place with some sunshine helping to mix down surface dew points. The combination of lower dew points and continued weak mid level lapse rates will keep precip chances in check, but cannot rule out an isolated shower or storm across east central and southeast Illinois during and just after peak heating near the front. Otherwise, expect breezy conditions across the region on Thursday. Deep mixing will bring down stronger winds aloft with gust of 20 to 25 mph expected from late morning through the remainder of the daytime hours. .LONG TERM...(Thursday night through Wednesday) ISSUED AT 248 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 Cold front will push across the Ohio Valley Friday while high pressure builds east from the central Great Plains to the mid Mississippi Valley. 850 mb thermal trough will be squarely overhead midday Friday resulting in the coolest day until at least early next week. After coming off morning lows in the 50s, highs on Friday will only be in the upper 70s to lower 80s. Overall a very dry column is expected Friday with steep low level lapse rates as the cooler air mass settles over the region. Winds will not be as breezy as Thursday, but still expect some gustiness to around 20 mph at times during the afternoon. Dew points will also mix down into the lower 50s and 40 with RH values bottoming out around or below 30 percent. This combination of drier air and breezy winds could pose some fire weather concerns Friday afternoon. Friday night into Saturday, surface ridge axis will settle along the Ohio Valley with return flow overspreading Illinois. Strengthening LLJ over the central Great Plains Friday night will result in showers and thunderstorms across portions of eastern KS into northern MO. This activity will be decaying as it moves east into Illinois Saturday morning, but could see some remnant cloud cover reach the local area. Dew points will inch back up into the mid to upper 50s Saturday afternoon while temperatures top out a few degrees warmer into the lower to mid 80s. LLJ strengthens again later Saturday, this time focused a little further northeast across portions of northern MO into IA. Resulting storms could ride the instability gradient into central Illinois Saturday night into Sunday. Early through the middle of next week, large scale pattern change is in the works, however, models continue to have large differences in the evolution of the increasingly amplified upper air pattern. Initial wave moving east across the Canadian Prairies will help drive a cold front across portions of the Midwest by Tuesday into Wednesday, though it remains uncertain how far south and how quickly the front will move. Meanwhile, a second stronger wave will dig across the PacNW early next week possibly cutting off over the Desert SW (ECMWF) or remaining open as it digs deep across the Great Plains (GFS). The GFS remains more progressive with the front dropping temperatures well below seasonal norms. Meanwhile, operational GFS does have reasonable support from ensemble members, although the GEFS mean is a bit slower in the eastward progression of the deep upper trough and colder air arriving locally. By Wednesday, differences between the ECMWF and GFS are around 40 degrees for afternoon highs. GFS indicates highs will only be in the upper 40s to lower 50s while the much slower ECMWF still has the area well into the 80s and lower 90s. Forecast generally takes the middle ground, so anticipate big changes up or down once better consensus is reached in how next week evolves. Stay tuned... && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Thursday evening) Issued at 645 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 A cold front has pushed south of the TAF sites, with primarily SW winds occurring at the start of the 00z TAF period. Wind will become light overnight, backing to a more southerly direction or becoming variable. HRRR, RAP, NAMnest and GFS models are all pointing toward a band of dense fog forming from just south of SPI to DEC to CMI and south toward I-70 after 09z tonight. Have introduced some IFR fog at CMI and DEC for now, but may need to add SPI if model trends continue. Will monitor closely as the evening progresses. Fog should burn off by 14z tomorrow, then winds will become gusty out of the WSW by late morning. && .ILX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... NONE. && $$ UPDATE...Shimon SYNOPSIS...Deubelbeiss SHORT TERM...Deubelbeiss LONG TERM...Deubelbeiss AVIATION...Shimon
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
National Weather Service Jackson KY
1154 PM EDT Wed Sep 2 2020 .UPDATE... Issued at 1153 PM EDT WED SEP 2 2020 First round of widespread rain is making its way across the region, with the heaviest likely to occur south of the FFA. Additional activity is expected overnight and on Thursday, with a somewhat more northerly location favored by models. In light of that, will leave the FFA as it was issued. However, if later activity were to occur in the same portion of the area as this first round, an expansion of the watch further south could be needed. UPDATE Issued at 1016 PM EDT WED SEP 2 2020 Convection has developed over central KY this evening, with less concentrated activity extending into mainly the southwest portion of the JKL forecast area. The supporting factors for precip mentioned in the short term section are still applicable, but the details of exactly where the action happens are still unclear, with models showing varying solutions. Have updated the POP for tonight based on evening radar trends and a very smoothed version of the HRRR blending back into the prior forecast in the morning. && .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Thursday night) Issued at 420 PM EDT WED SEP 2 2020 The afternoon surface analysis shows a frontal boundary is approaching from the west across the Midwest. Meanwhile in the Cumberland Valley, we have an area of deeper moisture convergence and ample PWATs leading to scattered to numerous showers and isolated thunderstorms in this area. Some of these storms could be produce isolated heavy rain and even gusty winds at times through the rest of the afternoon and early evening. Tonight, we will watch a mid-level wave kick out of the Middle Mississippi River Valley into the Ohio Valley. This will be coupled with and increasing low level jet and decent upper level jet streak providing additional lift from divergence aloft. This coupled with ample PWATs of 2 plus inches, which are in the 2 standard deviations above normal range for the Lower Ohio Valley, will lead to periods of heavy rainfall tonight. The HREF shows a robust swath of precipitation across areas generally along and north of I-64 and other models such as the GFS and ECMWF seem to be displaced a little north of this. Given the recent heavy rainfall across portions of this area and in coordination with neighboring offices will lean toward a Flash Flood Watch at this time. The time frame for heavier rainfall would be later tonight (6z) through Thursday morning (16z). After this we will still see the potential for showers and storms through the day Thursday, as a cold front approaches from the northwest. There is some potential for a few stronger storms under effective shear around 30 knots Thursday afternoon, but this will be dependent on the amount of sunshine versus cloud cover for destabilization. Then by Thursday night the will see the bulk of showers and storms progress east, as a cold front progresses across the Ohio Valley and eventually across eastern Kentucky Friday. .LONG TERM...(Friday through Wednesday) Issued at 340 PM EDT WED SEP 2 2020 A cold front will move across the area on Friday, and will bring isolated to scattered showers and storms to eastern Kentucky. This round of rain should be out of the area by early Friday evening. A ridge of high pressure will then push into the region, and will bring dry and much cooler weather to eastern Kentucky for the weekend. This ridge should remain in place and keep the weather dry through next Monday. After that, another frontal boundary is poised to bring more showers and storms to our area for the middle of the week. Temperatures over the weekend will be quite pleasant, with daily highs in the upper 70s to lower 80s expected(Friday and Saturday). Things should begin warm up again on Sunday though, as high pressure strengthens. Highs on Sunday will most likely rise into the low to mid 80s. This warming trend should continue through the middle of the week, with highs on Monday and Tuesday forecast to reach the low to mid 80s on those two days as well, with nightly lows in the low to mid 60s. && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Thursday evening) ISSUED AT 1016 PM EDT WED SEP 2 2020 A few showers/thunderstorms were affecting the JKL forecast area at the start of the period, particularly over the Cumberland drainage basin. There were many more over central KY. The activity was moving east northeast and will increase in coverage tonight. The exact timing of precip at any given location is uncertain, but over the long hall, most places will end up with showers and thunderstorms tonight and/or Thursday. Because of this, for TAFs, have mainly used VC (vicinity) for the convection instead of tempo or a prevailing group. Any thunderstorm could bring IFR or worse conditions. Outside of this, the area most likely to have widespread MVFR or IFR conditions late tonight into Thursday is around KJKL northward, but confidence is not high. && .JKL WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... Flash Flood Watch through Thursday morning for KYZ044-050>052. && $$ UPDATE...HAL SHORT TERM...DJ LONG TERM...AR AVIATION...HAL
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Lake Charles LA
Issued by National Weather Service Brownsville TX 1013 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 .DISCUSSION...Satellite and radar images indicate light rain showers continue to develop across portions of northeast Texas into northwest Louisiana tonight ahead of the 500mb shortwave trough across the southern plains. The HRRR progs convection continuing to develop across portions of northeast Texas into northwest Louisiana late tonight into early Thurs morning. Outflow from these showers and thunderstorms may move into the extreme northwest portions of the CWA early Thurs morning providing a focus for isolated showers and thunderstorms to develop across the Texas Lakes Region. Will continue to mention a slight chance of showers and thunderstorms for that area tonight. Otherwise...no significant changes are expected for the rest of tonight into Thursday. && .PREV DISCUSSION.../Issued by National Weather Service Tampa Bay Ruskin FL/ AVIATION...Southerly flow this evening will become light and variable overnight, with some patchy fog and low ceilings possible generally 06-14z. Winds will then increase from the S/SW in the late morning as skies clear out and lift, with more southerly flow in the afternoon. VFR conditions prevail, except MVFR in fog. && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... AEX 74 93 72 93 / 10 20 10 20 LCH 77 90 76 91 / 10 20 10 30 LFT 75 92 74 94 / 10 10 0 20 BPT 78 90 76 91 / 10 20 10 40 && .LCH WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... LA...None. TX...None. GM...None. && $$ PUBLIC...61/Castillo/WFO Brownsville
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Mobile AL
954 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 .NEAR TERM /Now Through Thursday night/...I have been waiting to say this all summer but we have a saying for the pattern we are in. Big bubble, no trouble! An expansive upper level ridge will continue to dominate the southeast and northern Gulf Coast through Thursday. This will lead to another day of sunny skies and hot temperatures. If you thought today was dry, guidance shows even drier air moving in by Thursday morning and lingering through the evening. Considering it was difficult for even the normal summertime cumulus clouds to develop today, Thursday into Friday will be much of the same. The only thing that being pesky is the potential for fog over inland areas Tonight through early Thursday morning. The pattern does support some development of fog with calm winds, deep but rich low level moisture (dewpoints in the mid 70) and a low level subsidence inversion from the upper ridge. However, guidance is a little wishy washy on producing fog. The NAM and SREF show some widespread fog, while the high res guidance is pretty void of it. Given we saw some fog and a brief period of dense fog near Evergreen last night, it`s safe to say that at least some patchy to possible areas of fog should develop tonight. Some areas could get dense but just a little too much uncertainty for a dense fog advisory. Temperatures will be hot once again on Thursday with highs likely approaching the mid 90s across the area. I would honestly not be shocked if a few places get into the upper 90s over interior south Central Alabama as the surface mixes out. There might be just enough moisture to prevent this from happening but cannot rule it out. Heat indices will be rough but with vertical mixing the dewpoints should drop enough to keep us in the 100 to 105 range with a few locations approaching 107 along the coast. BB/03 && .PREV DISCUSSION... /issued 638 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020/ NEAR TERM UPDATE /Now Through Thursday night/...A deep layer pressure ridge extends from the southwest Atlantic, westward across the Gulf through Thursday. Compressional sinking and warming from the ridge favors very little in the way of precipitation through Thursday. There are indications that fog will be developing through the night. Short range ensembles indicate a 40 to 80% probability of visibility lowering to a mile or less over the interior. The latest high resolution HRRR is not enthusiastic about its development but the NAM is. Out of consideration for the modest SREF probabilities/NAM vsby and that Evergreen Middleton Field (GZH) saw visibilities lower to a quarter mile in fog during the early AM hours along with persistence, forecasters will mention the formation of areas of fog mainly along and north of I-10 late in the night. A dense fog advisory may be required but will let the evening shift make the call after monitoring observational trends/new high resolution guidance. Overnight lows in the lower half of the 70s interior. 74 to 78 coast. Highs on Thursday look to range from 93 to 96 interior, 86 to 91 coast. /10 AVIATION... 00Z issuance...Mainly VFR conditions will continue through the night with clear skies and light winds. However, after midnight patchy to areas of fog could develop over inland areas of southern Alabama and potentially into the northwest Florida Panhandle. Guidance is mixed on how dense and how widespread the fog could get but the pattern is supportive of at least some fog and potentially IFR to LIFR visbys. Coastal areas will likely remain out of the fog. By the mid- morning, fog should mix out and conditions will become VFR again. BB/03 PREV DISCUSSION... /issued 352 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020/ NEAR TERM UPDATE /Now Through Thursday/...A deep layer pressure ridge extends from the southwest Atlantic, westward across the Gulf through Thursday. Compressional sinking and warming from the ridge favors very little in the way of precipitation through Thursday. There are indications that fog will be developing through the night. Short range ensembles indicate a 40 to 80% probability of visibility lowering to a mile or less over the interior. The latest high resolution HRRR is not enthusiastic about its development but the NAM is. Out of consideration for the modest SREF probabilities/NAM vsby and that Evergreen Middleton Field (GZH) saw visibilities lower to a quarter mile in fog during the early AM hours along with persistence, forecasters will mention the formation of areas of fog mainly along and north of I-10 late in the night. A dense fog advisory may be required but will let the evening shift make the call after monitoring observational trends/new high resolution guidance. Overnight lows in the lower half of the 70s interior. 74 to 78 coast. Highs on Thursday look to range from 93 to 96 interior, 86 to 91 coast. /10 SHORT TERM /Thursday night Through Saturday night/...Ridging continues across the area Thursday night and Friday, maintaining the dry to mostly dry forecast across the area. No PoPs on Thursday and only a few isolated showers or storms on Friday. Weak surface ridging also generally remains in place across our forecast area through Thursday night, but a weak surface trough axis may sag southward into interior portions of southeast MS and southwest/south central AL during the day Friday. A weak seabreeze should also develop near the immediate coast by Friday afternoon. Precipitable water values, which are initially around 1.20 inches early in the short term period become enhanced between 1.75" and 2" south of the surface trough and along the vicinity of the seabreeze during the afternoon by Friday and especially into Saturday. Moisture convergence along these features will be supportive of at least isolated convective development by Friday afternoon, and will maintain a slight chance of showers and thunderstorms from southeast MS into portions of southwest AL and the western FL panhandle along these boundaries. Any convection that develops should quickly diminish by early evening so will follow the trend of keeping a dry forecast into Friday night. We should also mention that forecast soundings over interior portions of the region once again indicate another favorable setup for patchy fog development (a very shallow saturated airmass near the surface with much drier air extending from just above the surface to around 500 mb), so will carry patchy fog over locations along and north of the I-10 corridor late Thursday night. Little change was otherwise made to the overall temperature forecast. Lows Thursday night range from around 70 to the lower 70s inland and in the mid to upper 70s near the immediate coast. Highs on Friday will warm into the mid 90s over most interior locations and around 90 to the lower 90s near the coast. Maximum heat indices mostly range between 100-105 degrees on Friday. /12 EXTENDED TERM /Sunday Through Wednesday/...The ECMWF and GFS models remain in good agreement through Monday afternoon, with some discrepancies Monday night and Tuesday with the development of a highly amplified upper trough. The surface boundary over the deep south may move south along the coast Monday through Wednesday with deeper moisture pooling up along and south of the boundary, brining an increase in PoPs (especially to the southern half of the forecast area). This convection will primarily occur in the afternoon and early evening hours. Prior to the upper ridge breaking down, look for afternoon temperatures Saturday to be in the low to mid 90s over interior and upper 80s at the beaches. Wouldn`t be surprised through to see a few readings in the upper 90s across south central Alabama. Heat indices will likely range from 100 to 107 degrees on Saturday and Sunday. High temperatures should then lower several degrees Monday through Wednesday, into the mid 80s to lower 90s. Low temperatures will continue to be in the low to mid 70s. /12 MARINE...No impacts forecast this week. Winds and waves will be higher near scattered thunderstorms late in the weekend through early next week. /10 && .MOB WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... AL...None. FL...None. MS...None. GM...None. && $$ This product is also available on the web at: http://weather.gov/mob
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Spokane WA
444 PM PDT Wed Sep 2 2020 .SYNOPSIS... Temperatures will surge well above average Friday and Saturday with afternoon readings climbing into the 90s. The passage of a dry front on Saturday will produce the combination of hot, dry and breezy conditions during the afternoon. Monday also has the potential to be dry and windy as temperatures return closer to average early next week. && .DISCUSSION... Tonight: Breezy west winds will subside this evening. The dry front that passed early this morning will continue to push east allowing our pressure gradient to relax. Patchy blowing dust has been observed today over the Waterville Plateau and portions of the Upper Columbia Basin including the Ritzville area. Our dust threat will diminish quickly by early evening as winds drop below 20 mph. July and August were very dry with much of our dryland wheat country receiving very little rain. With increased winter wheat planting activity, fields will be prone to producing dust until we can get some much needed rain. Smoke from the Evans Canyon fire between Yakima and Ellensburg has pushed across south central Washington into the L-C Valley. So far today, the smoke has not gotten as thick as it was a week or two ago in the Lewiston area, but it will have the potential to become worse tonight into Thursday morning. The wind trajectory and the HRRR Smoke Model suggest the potential for more smoke from the Evans Canyon fire to be pushed toward southeast WA. Thursday and Friday: Temperatures will trend warmer THU and FRI. Look for widespread upper 80s to low 90s on THU afternoon. The majority of our lowlands will climb into the 90s on FRI with Lewiston, Moses Lake, and Grand Coulee flirting with triple digits. Keep in mind average highs for the first week of September are upper 70s for Spokane, Colville, and Kellogg while low 80s are average for Wenatchee, Moses Lake, Omak and Lewiston. Our late season "heat wave" will be nice for folks looking to enjoy a few days at the lake, but is not good news for our wildfire situation. Fuels continue to be very dry. Folks with plans to enjoy outdoor recreation this weekend should be mindful of burn bans that are in effect. /GKoch Saturday through Wednesday: The dry and warm temperatures will continue into the holiday weekend, and possibly into next week. Certainty, due to little model agreement, decreases moving into Monday. The high pressure system over the western CONUS will keep the ridge over the Pacific NW through Saturday. Following a long lasting ridge, the region will begin to see fluctuations in the weather due to passing shortwaves. On Sunday night and early Monday, some models continue to show precipitation dropping into MT. However, there are some indicating a westerly push, bringing precipitation into far northern WA and Idaho Panhandle. Models will continue to be monitored. Winds will be breezy through the weekend into early next week, with the peak gusts on Saturday and Monday. There will be a wind shift, beginning the period from the W-SW, to a northerly flow early next week. On Saturday, the Kittitas Valley and Palouse may have gusts up to 20-25 mph, with many active fires in the area. Sunday will have a decline in winds, but will pick up again on Monday. The winds may reach gusts to 25-30 mph in locations such as the Okanogan Valley, central Panhandle, and Columbia Basin. These stronger winds will be a more widespread concern, especially with dry conditions and regional fires. Additionally, any smoke from British Columbia fires may funnel into the region with these new northerly winds. After peaking on Friday and Saturday, temperatures will begin a moderate decline on Sunday, with highs remaining at, or just above, seasonal normals. Highs will remain in the 80s and 90s throughout the weekend. However, the models are not in agreement with how cool we will get by early-to-mid next week. JS && .AVIATION... 00Z TAFS: Gusty winds will subside around 2Z for all TAF sites except KEAT which will stay gusty until around 10z. Smoke from wildfires will continue to impact southern WA mostly around KLWS. Otherwise, VFR condtions are expected through the TAF period. VMT/SB && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... Spokane 53 89 56 94 60 94 / 0 0 0 0 0 0 Coeur d`Alene 53 87 54 93 58 91 / 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pullman 51 87 53 94 57 90 / 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lewiston 62 94 61 101 67 98 / 0 0 0 0 0 0 Colville 46 91 49 96 52 96 / 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sandpoint 48 84 51 90 55 90 / 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kellogg 57 84 58 92 63 89 / 0 0 0 0 0 0 Moses Lake 54 93 57 99 59 97 / 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wenatchee 63 93 66 97 67 96 / 0 0 0 0 0 0 Omak 56 93 60 97 62 97 / 0 0 0 0 0 0 && .OTX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... ID...None. WA...None. && $$
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Shreveport LA
1003 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020 .UPDATE... Latest radar loops show some very weak echoes and some isolated showers per surface observations. Latest NAM and HRRR still suggest a band of convection will develop across East Texas south of Interstate 20 northeast into Louisiana during the early morning hours. This band of showers and thunderstorms should drift north into the Flash Flood Watch area. With the possibility for more rain, the watch was left intact for now. The majority of the forecast appears on track. PoPs were lowered areawide through 06z, and some minor updates were made to the hourly temperature and winds grids. CN && .PREV DISCUSSION... /issued 732 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020/ UPDATE... See below for 03/00z Aviation Discussion. Updated ZFP issued for the expiration of the Heat Advisory. AVIATION... For the 03/00z TAFs, convection has ended across the area for the time being, but more showers and thunderstorms are expected to develop and move into the area after 03/07z. This activity will likely begin south of the Interstate 20 corridor and gradually move northward before exiting the area or dissipating very late in the TAF period. MVFR/IFR ceilings are also expected areawide after midnight with a slow improvement back into the VFR range at most terminals by the afternoon hours. MVFR/IFR flight conditions may persist at some East Texas locations through the end of the period. CN PREV DISCUSSION... /issued 240 PM CDT Wed Sep 2 2020/ SHORT TERM.../Tonight through Thursday Night/ Outflow boundary across north Louisiana into Southern Arkansas has been the source for convection this afternoon. Moisture ahead of the boundary combined with an upper-trough overhead to allow for sufficient instability to generate some descent convection later this afternoon. Strong winds, heavy rainfall, and small hail may be possible with some storms. Lingering upper-level trough to remain west of the region through at least Friday night. Instability associated with the trough to continue to maintain periods of convection through the end of the work week. Thus a Flash Flood Watch remains in effect through the overnight hours. Based on some of the hires models, convection to set up across the southern end of the watch area, mainly just north of I-20, and lift north during the pre-dawn hours. Flash Flood guidance suggests that the watch area is a pretty good representation of those vulnerable areas that may struggle to handle much in the way of heavy rainfall and thus no adjustments will be made at this time. A Heat Advisory is also in effect through 7 PM this evening across portions of deep east Texas and north Louisiana. With, current heat index values of 102 in Natchitoches and 105 in Monroe, will hold off on making any adjustments. /05/ LONG TERM.../Friday through Wednesday night/ The long term continues with better than average rain chances to start, but still looks to trend dryer over the weekend as high pressure arrives a little better in the back door than the front this time of year. A 1025mb high will remain in the OH valley into Saturday and early on Sunday with the lingering frontal boundary over our South and soon washing out with NE winds running out of gas. As we begin the new work week the light and variable winds early will become S/SW with a slight chance for showers sea breeze style. Then into Tuesday look for much better rain odds again a strong cold front moves across the plains states. A 1032mb high will be over the Dakotas and continue to drive southward into midweek, that is, if you like the GFS. The Euro is very different with a closed low over Utah and still sea breeze mode for us. The GFS sweeps the front Eastward as the long wave become pronounced over the mid MS valley with our heights aloft falling to below average. Meanwhile, the high pressure on the sfc and aloft hangs tough on the eastern seaboard with the latest ECMWF with a deep closed low back building a bit in NV. Suffice it to say temperatures will vary greatly with each solution and we are running middle of the road more or less between the two. /24/ && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... SHV 73 87 70 88 / 50 40 30 50 MLU 73 93 73 93 / 20 20 20 40 DEQ 71 83 69 85 / 60 60 30 40 TXK 71 81 71 83 / 70 60 30 50 ELD 72 86 70 87 / 50 40 30 50 TYR 73 85 72 86 / 70 70 50 50 GGG 73 86 71 87 / 60 70 40 50 LFK 73 93 74 92 / 30 40 40 50 && .SHV WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... AR...Flash Flood Watch until 7 AM CDT Thursday for ARZ050-051-059>061- 070. LA...None. OK...Flash Flood Watch until 7 AM CDT Thursday for OKZ077. TX...Flash Flood Watch until 7 AM CDT Thursday for TXZ096-097-108>112- 124-125. && $$ 09/20