Forecast Discussions mentioning any of "HRRR" "RAP" "RUC13" "RUC" "RR" received at GSD on 11/16/18


Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Albany NY
949 PM EST Thu Nov 15 2018 .SYNOPSIS... A coastal low pressure system will spread accumulating snow into the region from south to north this evening into tonight. The snow will be heavy at times. The snow is expected to mix with sleet and freezing rain for areas from around Albany south and east. Wintry precipitation tapers off from west to east Friday late morning into early afternoon, with additional lake effect snow possible for the higher terrain. Continued colder than normal temperatures expected for the weekend with mainly dry conditions outside of the lake effect belts. && .NEAR TERM /THROUGH FRIDAY/... ...A Winter Storm Warning remains effect until 1PM Friday for the Capital District, Schoharie Valley, Mohawk Valley, Lake George Saratoga Region, northern Taconics, and Helderbergs of eastern New York, the Berkshires of western Massachusetts, Litchfield County of Connecticut, Windham County in Vermont, and the southern Adirondacks... ...Winter Weather Advisory remains in effect until 1PM Friday for the Mid Hudson Valley, northern Taconics, Washington County of New York and Bennington County of Vermont... As of 945 PM EST, very heavy snowband earlier this evening pummeled the mid Hudson Valley, Litchfield County CT, and the SE Catskills with a very quick 6-10 inches of snow (if not locally higher). Strong mid level frontogenetical forcing and isentropic lift at the nose of a east/southeast low level jet likely contributed to the intensity of this band. However, as it slowly tracked north, overall intensity weakened. Latest IR satellite imagery reveals coldest cloud tops of shifted north and east of the region, with decreasing ice nuclei in the clouds, and reducing the snow accumulation efficiency compared to earlier when aggregates of dendrites (more like clumps of dendrites!) were falling. Still moderate to locally heavy snow occurring across the western/central Mohawk Valley and tracking into the SW Adirondacks and Saratoga/Lake George region over the next few hours, where a quick 2-5 inches may occur by midnight, otherwise expecting decreasing intensity of snow, with some sleet mixing in from the I-90/I88 corridor south and east. Expect mainly sleet/freezing rain across the I-84 corridor and Litchfield County over the next few hours, although still could be some bursts of snow mixed in through midnight. Have increased snowfall amounts in southern areas into the 8-12 inch range, most of which has already occurred. Elsewhere, still expect a general 6-10 inches in the warning areas, with locally higher amts possible across the eastern Catskills and especially SW Adirondacks. Still expect sub-warning snow amounts across the northern Taconics and lower elevations of Bennington County, with generally 3-5 inches expected overnight, and perhaps an additional 1-2 inches around or shortly after daybreak Friday. Evap cooling has allowed temps to drop into the lower/mid 20s in many areas, and only expect a slow climb in temps toward daybreak. Previous discussion follows... Our winter storm is on track to bring the first widespread snowfall to all of eastern New York and western New England starting this evening and continuing into Friday morning. The coastal low as of 4PM EST is near Cape Hatteras, NC with a MSLP of around 1005mb based on the latest RAP analysis. Latest GOES16 water vapor channels show the parent potent cut off shortwave still holding strong over the TN Valley providing very strong upper level divergence which will enable our coastal low to intensify further over the coming hours. We also can see a pronounced baroclinic leaf on water vapor channels over spreading into the Northeast associated with the approaching laterally transient snow band as has been researched in previous CSTAR projects. Latest observations show dew points in the single digits to low teens over the Albany forecast area with the band of heavy snow moving north of the NYC metro area. However, the dry air is no match for the impressive isentropic lift and intense 700-500mb frontogenesis associated with this band and we have seen most of the airports saturate quickly and report snow once radar reflectivities encroach into the region. In fact, both JFK and EWR have reported 2 inch per hour rates within this band and such intensities are expected to occur in the mid-Hudson Valley and Litchfield, CT this evening. Given temperatures in the upper 20s, snow should have no issues accumulating on any untreated surface which could lead to a dangerous evening commute. This was one of the reasons we issued a winter storm warning for these areas. We have been issuing Special Weather Statements to reflect the dangerous travel conditions under this band. The band should continue tracking northward this evening, reaching the Capital District around 7-9pm with high snowfall rates still possible as BUFKIT profiles show strong omega through a deep layer in the column and even intercepting the dendritic snow growth zone which is situated rather high in the column between 600-500mb. The laterally transient snow band should bring a 4-5 hour window of high impacts to eastern New York/western New England including snowfall rates of 1 inch + per hour before the strong 45-50knot mid-level jet pushes the band into the Upper Hudson Valley and the Adirondacks by 10pm-1am tonight. During this period, the majority of the storm total snowfall is expected to accumulate. Despite the cold surface temperatures, snow ratios may actually not stray much from climatology, peaking only near 10-12:1 during this period due to an upper level warm nose and we even expect snow ratio to drop near or under 10:1 as the band moves out of the region. The SE wind regime means downsloping effects could limit snow accumulations for Washington County, the northern Taconics as well as the valley of Bennington County, VT so decreased snow totals there and continued with only a winter weather advisory. Once the bands reaches the Adirondacks/Upper Hudson Valley, we are expecting the laterally transient band to stall for a few hours as the parent shortwave opens up and our coastal low becomes the dominant feature off the coast of NJ/Long Island. The band could become a pivoting band near the foothills of the Adirondacks down into the Mohawk Valley as shown in the latest hi-res and HREf guidance. Areas south will likely enter into the warm/dry sector after Midnight with heavy snow transitioning to scattered sleet and freezing rain/drizzle. Surface temperatures likely remain near or below freezing all night so ice accretion is possible, especially in the Litchfield County, Berkshires, Taconics, eastern Catskills, Schoharie and mid-Hudson Valley. Up to 0.10 of inch of ice is possible in the higher elevations. Some uncertainty still remains with how far north the warm/dry sector extends but the latest forecast soundings show a weak warm nose signature up to ALB so mixed sleet up into the Capital District. Heading into Friday morning, the pivoting band should finally push eastward from the foothills of the Adirondacks/Mohawk Valley towards the Capital District and areas east as our coastal low starts exiting out to sea. This means areas previously in the warm/dry sector could see moderate snow return for a brief period with an additional 1-2 inches possible. This would impact the Friday morning commute time. However, the band should exit into New England by late morning/early afternoon Friday as our coastal low exits into the Gulf of Maine. Storm total snowfall amounts are expected to range 5 to 10 inches across eastern NY and western New England with the highest amounts expected north and west of the Capital District where less mixing is anticipated. Once the snow exits, temperatures should finally warm into the mid - upper 30s for Friday afternoon with breezy winds possible in the wake of the departing coastal low. A weakening clipper from the Great Lakes looks to lead to lake effect and upslope snow for the afternoon hours for the Adirondacks and western Mohawk Valley. && .SHORT TERM /FRIDAY NIGHT THROUGH SUNDAY/... The storm system will be well north and east of the region by Friday evening, as the cyclone center will be moving through the Canadian Maritimes. However, and additional short wave trough aloft will be moving through our region during the evening, which will enhance the snowfall potential with some upslope and lake enhancement across the western Adirondacks. A period of persistent snow showers through Friday evening will result in a quick 1-3" of snow across mainly northern/central Herkimer and western Hamilton counties. Outside of this area, mainly a dusting to a few tenths of an inch will be possible in the Mohawk/Schoharie Valley and southern Green Mountains. It will be breezy through Friday night, with some upslope/lake enhanced snow showers persisting in the western Adirondacks, although inversion heights will be lowering as the short wave moves east so lighter accumulations are expected after midnight. On Saturday, with well-aligned westerly flow and conditional lake induced instability, there will be at least scattered lake effect snow showers across the western Adirondacks. Again, with low inversion heights around 800 mb, and accumulations will be very light. Elsewhere it will be dry with seasonable temperatures. Went a little below MAV/MET guidance for max temps Saturday due to expected lingering snow cover across much of the region. Late Saturday into Saturday night, a cold front will be pushing southward across the area. This system looks to have limited moisture and weak dynamics aloft, so the main driver for snow showers will be convergence along the boundary, picking up some lake moisture due to continued westerly flow aloft. Again, we are expecting only a dusting to a half inch in some spots, mainly of areas west of the Hudson Valley. By late Saturday night, temps will plunge back into the teens and 20s in wake of the cold front. Sunday will be mainly dry and cold, with surface high pressure in place. Max temps will likely be around 10 degrees below normal. Some snow showers will be possible later in the day, as a weak short wave trough approaches from the west. Will only mention 20-30 pops at this time, as there is some disagreement among sources of guidance. QPF looks to be light though through the daylight hours with only a dusting of accumulation possible. && .LONG TERM /SUNDAY NIGHT THROUGH THURSDAY/... The period begins with widespread snow that quickly pulls off the New England coast. A cold front keeps snow showers in the area of the northern Adirondacks through Tuesday night. The balance of the period will be dry as high pressure gradually builds in from the southeast. Temperatures will be colder than normal, with highs ranging from the mid 20s to upper 30s on Monday, around 20 degrees to the mid 20s on Tuesday, and rebounding back to the mid 20s to upper 30s on Thanksgiving. Lows Sunday night will range from the upper teens to near freezing Sunday night, from around 10 degrees to the mid 20s Monday night, and the mid single digits to lower 20s Tuesday night. Readings will begin to moderate Wednesday night. && .AVIATION /03Z FRIDAY THROUGH TUESDAY/... Low pressure will track rapidly northward along the mid Atlantic coast overnight, and off the New England coast during Friday. Moderate to heavy snow will overspread the TAF sites from south to north this evening, with conditions rapidly dropping to IFR/LIFR within about an hour of snow onset. Heavier snowband at KPOU will track northward reaching KPSF within the hour, and KALB between 01-02Z/Fri, and KGFL closer to or after 03Z/Fri. The heaviest snow should last 1-2 hours in duration. After a few hours of this, intensity will lower and some mixing with PL/FZRA will occur at KPSF/KPOU. Some sleet is also possible at KALB, and may mix with sleet eventually at KGFL. Visibility will improve somewhat for the 2nd half of the overnight hours, but ceilings will remain borderline for IFR/MVFR through the rest of the overnight. Towards daybreak, another round of steady precip (mainly in the form of snow) is expected for a few hours into Friday morning. Visibility/ceilings will likely be IFR with this precip. Snow will taper off by 15-17z, allowing for visibility to improve, although some lingering MVFR ceilings are possible, especially at KPSF/KGFL. Winds will become north to northeast and increase to 8-12 KT this evening, then back into the north to northwest at similar speeds Friday. Some gusts of up to 20-25 KT will be possible, esp at KPSF. Low level wind shear is likely overnight, as surface winds remain N to NE at 8-12 KT while winds around 2000 FT AGL become east to southeast and increase to 30-40 KT. Outlook... Friday Night: No Operational Impact. NO SIG WX. Saturday: No Operational Impact. NO SIG WX. Saturday Night: Low Operational Impact. Slight Chance of SHSN. Sunday: Low Operational Impact. Slight Chance of SHSN. Sunday Night: Moderate Operational Impact. Chance of SN. Monday: Moderate Operational Impact. Chance of SHRA...SHSN. Monday Night: No Operational Impact. NO SIG WX. Tuesday: Low Operational Impact. Slight Chance of SHSN. && .FIRE WEATHER... Widespread wintry precipitation expected this evening into Friday. Then, it will be mainly dry outside of lake effect and upslope areas, but continued unseasonably cool through the weekend. && .HYDROLOGY... A strengthening coastal low pressure system will bring widespread wintry precipitation to the region from this evening into Friday. The precipitation is expected to change to sleet and/or freezing rain especially from the Capital District south and east tonight into early Friday morning. QPF ranges from around 0.50 to 1.25 inches, with the heaviest amounts over the Mid Hudson Valley, Litchfield County, and the Berkshires where rivers are already running high. Flooding on the main stem rivers is not expected, but some urban and poor drainage flooding cannot be ruled out due to the saturated ground as tempertures rise above freezing on Friday. It will be mainly dry for the weekend outside of lake effect snow over the western Adirondacks. && .ALY WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... CT...Winter Storm Warning until 1 PM EST Friday for CTZ001-013. NY...Winter Storm Warning until 1 PM EST Friday for NYZ032-033- 038>042-047>053-058>061-063>066-082-083. Winter Weather Advisory until 1 PM EST Friday for NYZ043-054- 084. MA...Winter Storm Warning until 1 PM EST Friday for MAZ001-025. VT...Winter Storm Warning until 1 PM EST Friday for VTZ014-015. Winter Weather Advisory until 1 PM EST Friday for VTZ013. && $$ SYNOPSIS...Thompson/JPV NEAR TERM...KL/Speciale SHORT TERM...JPV LONG TERM...ELH AVIATION...Frugis/KL FIRE WEATHER...Thompson/JPV HYDROLOGY...Thompson/JPV
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Bismarck ND
1001 PM CST Thu Nov 15 2018 .UPDATE... Issued at 935 PM CST Thu Nov 15 2018 No significant updates to the going forecast. Updated hourly temperatures through 12 UTC, and this raised mins a bit. But the cloud free southwest had already dropped to near fcst lows. This won`t last long though as clouds will be on the increase shortly. UPDATE Issued at 544 PM CST Thu Nov 15 2018 Light snow is exiting the far southeast portion of the forecast area early this evening. Otherwise Breezy but diminishing winds this evening with mostly cloudy skies. The far southwest may escape the cloud cover during the early evening, but mid and high clouds will approach from the west with the next system. Only some minor tweaks this evening. We did hold off on precip entering the far west until after 06 UTC. No changes to the current hazards. Updated products out shortly. Looking ahead to Friday, see no reason to adjust current hazards at this time. Both the NAM and GFS just coming in with latest 00 UTC iterations and both seem very consistent from their previous run regarding the track. GFS still a bit farther southwest than the NAM. Both are slightly higher in overall qpf. Looking at cross sections of the 18z run, both indicated a band of strong omega throughout the dendritic growth zone tracking along and near Lake Sakakawea and the Missouri River, and into the southern James River Valley. Within this area there are periods of negative EPV signifying the potential for heavier bands of snow, within the advisory area. Exactly where these set up will be hard to determine until the event gets underway. One other point to mention. After coordination with ABR...will pass on to the mid shift, the potential for stronger winds than we are currently carrying. There is a very strong isallobaric fall rise couplet that tracks across the southwest and south central, in concert with strong cold advection and decent lapse rates. The strongest winds would likely be over the southwest, where lesser snow amounts are forecast, but we can`t rule out some strong winds over the west central into the south central with falling snow and continuing after the snow ends. && .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Friday Night) Issued at 303 PM CST Thu Nov 15 2018 Accumulating snowfall late tonight through Friday highlights the short term forecast. The 12-18 UTC global and high resolution suites have trended slightly higher with QPF and a bit further north with the axis of the greatest snowfall for late tonight through Friday. As with any banded snow event, some uncertainty remains and a slight shift in the snowfall axis is certainly possible as low pressure propagates southeast along the baroclinic zone of the leading edge of the cold high pressure system. A zone of strong frontogenesis is expected to couple with deep layer forcing with moderate mid level lapse rates to generate a band of moderate, to at times heavy, snow from northwest and north central through south central North Dakota and the James River Valley. Widespread snowfall amounts of 3-6 inches are forecast for these areas. Isolated higher amounts are possible, but their placement is highly uncertain and dependent on any shifts in the band. Issued a Winter Weather Advisory for the northwest and north central through the south central and most of the James River Valley beginning first across the northwest late tonight, and spreading southeast Friday morning. Blowing snow is possible Friday afternoon as gradient winds and cold air advection increase. However, the strongest isallobaric forcing does not couple well with the gradient winds, limiting how significant blowing snow may become. A northwest to southeast oriented snow band with a similarly tracking low suggests the snowfall residence time will be long, despite the fast moving nature of the system. Again, while confidence for higher snowfall amounts has increased to warrant a Winter Weather Advisory, the banded nature of the event supports some continued placement uncertainty. If a shift in the guidance occurs, it would most likely be a northward shift as depicted by the 18 UTC HRRR and RAP. Isolated amounts in excess of 6 inches are also not out of the question. .LONG TERM...(Saturday through Thursday) Issued at 303 PM CST Thu Nov 15 2018 A cold Saturday with a slow moderating trend in temperatures next week highlights the extended forecast. A cold Saturday is favored by the 12 UTC global suite with cold high pressure in place. High temperatures will range from 15 to 20 for most areas. Thereafter, cyclonic flow aloft is expected to transition to mean ridging by mid next week, favoring a slow moderation in temperatures to near to slightly above normal. && .AVIATION...(For the 06Z TAFS through 06Z Friday night) Issued at 935 PM CST Thu Nov 15 2018 Widespread MVFR cloudiness across wester and central ND to begin the 00Z TAF period. Areas IFR around KJMS early this evening. KDIK and KISN are right along the western periphery of clouds tonight and may break out to VFR conditions during the evening hours. Late tonight a system will approach from the west bringing widespread MVFR-IFR ceilings and visibilities in snow to all TAF sites. Snow will begin in KISN and KDIK before 12 UTC and spread east through the morning hours. Periods of LIFR cigs and vsbys expected during the heaviest snow. Northerly winds pick up in the afternoon, keeping MVFR visibilities in blowing snow at TAF sites even after the snow ends. && .BIS WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... Winter Weather Advisory from 3 AM CST /2 AM MST/ to 3 PM CST /2 PM MST/ Friday for NDZ001-002-009-010-017. Winter Weather Advisory from 6 AM CST /5 AM MST/ to 6 PM CST /5 PM MST/ Friday for NDZ003-011-012-018>023-034>037-046>048-050- 051. && $$ UPDATE...TWH SHORT TERM...PA LONG TERM...PA AVIATION...TWH
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Burlington VT
944 PM EST Thu Nov 15 2018 .SYNOPSIS... A winter storm will bring widespread moderate to heavy snow to the North Country from tonight through early Friday afternoon. Expected snow totals will range from 5 to 10 inches through mid day on Friday with another round of light snow Friday night and Saturday. Quiet weather returns on Sunday. && .NEAR TERM /UNTIL 10 AM FRIDAY MORNING/... As of 935 PM EST Thursday...Snowfall has entered southern Vermont with areas as far north as Rutland now reporting snow. Looking upstream across southern New England, snowfall rates of 2 to 3 inches per hour have been observed with a strong band of 700 mb frontogenesis. The big question will be whether this band fizzles out over the next several hours or whether this band continues to hold together as it moves through Vermont. Earlier, high-res guidance was showing this feature fracturing and weakening but the 00Z NAM and latest RUC and HRRR now all show this band holding together across Vermont. Now, there are a lot of factors to consider including an approaching dry slot which is expected to push east of us while we wrap around Atlantic moisture into the region. The overall forecast was bumped up about a half inch to an inch across much of Vermont based on where the models are currently placing this band while New York remains rather untouched; especially over the Saint Lawrence Valley. We will need to watch for the potential for higher localized snow accumulations above our forecast values. Stay tuned for further developments. Previous Discussion...Low pressure forming off the coast of North Carolina will phase with low over southern Indiana overnight then lift along the east coast and be centered near NYC Friday morning. Widespread snow will lift into our region after about 8pm. Front edge of the snow is currently in a line from Rochester to Binghamton to Poughkeepsie. Snow spreads north across our area and will be heaviest between 1 - 7 am. This will make the Friday morning commute very messy. At times we may have 1-2 inch per hour snowfall rates as a mesoband lifts across the area. Snow ratios will range from about 9-12:1 initially in the warm air advection burst of snow and then will switch to 13-15:1 once low pulls to the northeast Friday morning into the afternoon hours. Low will continue to lift northeastward towards Nova Scotia by about 00z Saturday. As the low lifts away, synoptic snowfall comes to an end during Friday afternoon. Snowfall totals from the storm will range from 5 to 10 inches, lowest in the Saint Lawrence Valley and Western Rutland Counties. Some areas will see upwards of a foot of snow, especially in the higher elevations and wherever the mesoband sets up. This will likely lead to some isolated power outages and will certainly make travel difficult especially during the Friday morning commute. The highest qpf totals fall from around 6-12z where region wide we`ll be looking at between 0.25-0.5" of liquid equivalent. At this time most models indicating that dry slot and warm nose should remain to our south and east. If the dry slot does make it into our area, could have some lower amounts especially in Southern Vermont. As the low pulls off to our northeast we will have some wrap around snow showers beginning during Friday evening. There won`t be a real clean break between the snow from the low pressure system, then the snow from upper level energy moving across the area. && .SHORT TERM /10 AM FRIDAY MORNING THROUGH SATURDAY NIGHT/... As of 400 PM EST Thursday...Flow aloft will be westerly Friday night with a shortwave trough moving across southern Quebec and northern New England. This will allow for additional light precipitation but upslope flow will enhance precipitation across northern New York and the northern half of Vermont. Eventually the upslope flow will relax after midnight Friday night and the areal coverage of the precipitation should decrease. Mountains will pick up another couple of inches as a result of the upslope flow. Plenty of cloud cover will persist Friday night for lows only falling into the mid 20s to lower 30s. Westerly flow continues on Saturday for highs in the 30s to around 40 with a chance for some showers...especially in the mountains. Secondary arctic front will push across the area Saturday evening and with steep low level lapse rates could see some snow squall activity. High pressure builds in Saturday night for drier weather as precipitation comes to an end. Colder air moves in with lows in the mid teens to lower 20s. && .LONG TERM /SUNDAY THROUGH THURSDAY/... As of 356 PM EST Thursday...Still looking at a relatively unsettled extended period but no major systems expected and below normal temperatures through the entire period. High temperatures will generally be in the low to mid 30s with lows in the low teens to around 20...certainly continuing the cold trend of this November. Ridging out west will keep much of the US poised under a broad upper level trough with continued unsettled weather through next week. Surface high pressure builds in on Sunday, but upper level troughing and NW winds will keep passing clouds around, especially across the high terrain of the Adirondacks. Snow showers may be possible across the high peaks, but expect accumulations to be limited and confined to these areas. Moisture increases Monday as two pieces of energy pass by the area. Best chances for precipitation will be showers across the northern tier and southern areas, with central Vermont in the in between zones. Behind this front, cold air from Canada brings another push of well below average temperatures. Conditions look to be similar to what we`ve been experience these past two days with high temperatures in the teens and 20s and lows in the single digits to low teens. Moderating (but still below normal) temperatures and quiet weather continues to be the early trends for Thanksgiving. && .AVIATION /03Z FRIDAY THROUGH TUESDAY/... Through 00Z Saturday...Expecting VFR conditions to persist at all TAF sites through 03Z under departing high pressure. After 03Z, snow will begin over Rutland, spreading northward and affecting all TAF sites by 06Z. Once snow arrives, expecting primarily IFR with some localized LIFR conditions through the remainder of the period. Expect the heaviest/steadiest snow between 06Z and 12Z, but scattered snow showers will continue through the day Friday. There is the potential for some of the snow to mix with rain between 18Z and 00Z at KRUT. Elsewhere, precipitation will be all snow through the TAF period. Winds will generally be 10 knots of less through the period. Outlook... Friday Night: Mainly VFR, with areas MVFR possible. Chance SHSN. Saturday: Mainly VFR, with areas MVFR possible. Chance SHSN, Chance SHRA. Saturday Night: MVFR. Chance SHSN. Sunday: VFR. NO SIG WX. Sunday Night: Mainly VFR, with local MVFR possible. Chance SHSN. Monday: Mainly VFR, with local MVFR possible. Chance SHSN. Monday Night: VFR. Chance SHSN. Tuesday: Mainly VFR, with areas MVFR possible. Chance SHSN. && .BTV WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... VT...Winter Storm Warning until 3 PM EST Friday for VTZ001>010-012- 016>019. Winter Weather Advisory until 3 PM EST Friday for VTZ011. NY...Winter Storm Warning until 3 PM EST Friday for NYZ028>031-034- 035. Winter Weather Advisory until 3 PM EST Friday for NYZ026-027- 087. && $$ SYNOPSIS...Clay/Neiles NEAR TERM...Neiles SHORT TERM...Evenson/Neiles LONG TERM...LaRocca AVIATION...Evenson/RSD
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Caribou ME
725 PM EST Thu Nov 15 2018 .SYNOPSIS... Low pressure will approach from the southwest tonight, track across the Gulf of Maine Friday afternoon, then across Nova Scotia Friday night. A cold front will cross Saturday night and bring more Arctic air for Sunday and early next week. && .NEAR TERM /THROUGH FRIDAY/... 720 PM Update...Clouds continue to spread northward w/most of this being high level based based on the IR satl imagery and obs. Tweaked the sky conditions to match up w/the latest satl imagery. Radar loop showed leading edge of returns moving into southern New England. Hrly temps were adjusted to fit the current conditions. Clouds will put a lid on a substantial drop in the overnight mins. 00Z sfc analysis showed high pres centered over eastern Maine and is expected to slide off to the east tonight. Clouds will thicken up and lower as the evening progresses w/precip moving into southern areas near or after midnight. The latest run of the RAP initialized well w/its temps and precip placement and will use this guidance for the next update. Previous Discussion... Models are in a little better agreement with the track of the sfc low xpctd to apch from the mid Atlc states coast by Fri morn, with greater number of solutions favoring the more progressive srn track toward the S Nova Scotia coast by Fri eve. With this in mind, we believe the greatest potential will be ovr N and E Cntrl ptns of the FA. Far Nrn ptns of the our FA will experience a later start in snfl (mid to late Fri morn) compared to the rest of the Rgn, with snfl here in the steady lgt intensity, with perhaps some trowal-dendritic sn banding setting up ovr this ptn of the FA by erly eve. Downeast areas will see a late ngt inset of sn, with sn likely mixing with or chgng to sleet and rn alg the immediate coast by mid to late Fri morn, contg mixed til mid Fri aftn, before briefly chgng back to sn late in the aftn prior to ending erly Fri eve. A narrow belt of msly sleet will likely affect ptns of the Lower Penobscot and interior Downeast from late morn to erly aftn, lowering total snfl here somewhat, but not as much reduction as the coast. In generating the hrly fcst wx types, we employed the top-down method using the NAM, but kept the transition zones closer to the coast in deference to colder models tracking the low further S. It should be noted that not much in fzra was indicated with this event, which was supported by the SREF precip probs, which supported sn and sleet ovr the Srn third of our FA ovr fzra with this event. With all said and done in generating the snfl stm totals including the myriad of precip types ovr the Srn third of the FA where the greatest stm total QPF is xpctd was to go with wntr stm wrngs for zones 15, 31, and 10 msly for public impact, particularly zone 15 (lower penobscot vly) where totals are slightly below wntr stm thresholds. Elsewhere we went with wntr wx advs where either precip type or stm total QPF was still uncertain, with the GFS dtmnstc and ensm solutions a concern with relatively lighter amts. && .SHORT TERM /FRIDAY NIGHT THROUGH SUNDAY/... Most places will be done with snow Friday evening. However, a weak trough of warm air aloft over Northeast Maine will keep snow going the longest there with another inch or two Friday evening before finally ending. Not much wind (10-15 mph) behind the system so not expecting much blowing snow Friday night and Saturday...just a bit in localized open areas. Actually somewhat mild on Saturday (the warmest day of the week), with highs in the low 30s north and low 40s Downeast. Weak system moving through Saturday night with a few snow showers mainly over the north and limited if any accumulation. About 10 degrees colder Sunday behind the weak system. && .LONG TERM /SUNDAY NIGHT THROUGH THURSDAY/... Unseasonably cold weather persisting. Models having a lot of issues with timing of systems in the extended. However, don`t expect any of the systems to be strong. Also, high confidence in cold to very cold temperatures. Best chance of a weak system is Monday, but even then, just went with 40 to 60 PoPs. && .AVIATION /00Z FRIDAY THROUGH TUESDAY/... NEAR TERM: VFR conditions this evening will progressively lower to IFR beginning late tonight over Downeast TAF sites working NE toward far Nrn ME sites by mid to late morn. All TAF sites will cont IFR in sn Nrn sites and mixed precip Downeast Fri aftn. SHORT TERM: Improving to VFR Friday night as the snow ends. Generally VFR Saturday to Sunday, although a weak system Saturday night could bring some MVFR ceilings mainly to the north. Potential for a weak system Monday which could bring some MVFR. && .MARINE... NEAR TERM: Will cont with the current gale wrng, with winds and seas xpctd to ramp up quickly durg the ovrngt hrs as the pres grad ahead of the coastal low apchs. E Winds will reach a max durg the morn and midday hrs, then begin to slowly decrease durg the aftn, dropping below gale criteria late in the aftn behind the low as the direction becomes NW. Went with a NWPS/WW3 guidance blend for fcst wv hts. SHORT TERM: Small craft Friday night and Saturday, but with a gradual subsiding in winds and seas. Below small craft Saturday night through Sunday night. Potential weak system Monday which could bring a return to small craft. && .CAR WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... ME...Winter Weather Advisory from 8 AM Friday to 2 AM EST Saturday for MEZ001-002. Winter Weather Advisory from 5 AM to 11 PM EST Friday for MEZ003>006-011-032. Winter Weather Advisory from 3 AM to 8 PM EST Friday for MEZ016-017-029-030. Winter Storm Warning from 2 AM to 8 PM EST Friday for MEZ010- 015-031. MARINE...Gale Warning from 3 AM to 4 PM EST Friday for ANZ050>052. && $$ Near Term...Hewitt/VJN Short Term...Foisy Long Term...Foisy Aviation...Hewitt/VJN/Foisy Marine...Hewitt/VJN/Foisy
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service San Francisco Bay Area
331 PM PST Thu Nov 15 2018 .SYNOPSIS...Smoke and haze will continue to produce poor air quality over much of the San Francisco Bay through the weekend. Dry and mild conditions are also likely to persist through early next week. A more significant pattern change appears likely during the latter half of next week with the potential for widespread rainfall. && .DISCUSSION...as of 1:58 PM PST Thursday...Smoke from the Camp Fire continues to be the main impact across the district, but especially around the greater San Francisco Bay Area where visibilities continue to fluctuate between 1 mile and 3 miles. These conditions are resulting in poor air quality with no significant improvement forecast through the weekend as a weak windflow pattern persists. Minor day-to-day changes are expected through the upcoming weekend with daytime temperatures in the 60s and 70s with overnight lows in the middle 30s across the colder inland locations to middle 40s near the coast/bays. Very dry conditions will also persist, even near the coast through the weekend. Weak offshore flow will continue to spread smoke over the region until the large scale pattern aloft changes. Right now, this much- needed pattern change isn`t expected to occur until the middle of next week, at the earliest. Latest runs of the medium range models continue to indicate a more likely chance of measurable rain for the area. The 12z ECMWF maintains its trend of bringing a weak frontal system across much of the area on Wednesday, followed by a stronger front on Friday, with residual showers extending into Saturday. The 12Z GFS holds off the first system until Thanksgiving, followed by another system on Friday. The rainfall, along with stronger onshore flow, is expected to help clear out the smoke from the area. && .AVIATION...As of 03:31 PM PST Thursday...For 00Z TAFs. Widespread smoke continues to impact the region, particularly around the SF Bay area terminals. Most sites are now at MVFR/IFR conditions due to reduced vis. Do not expect much if any improvement in smoke through the period. MVFR/IFR vis will continue through the period with occasional MVFR cigs. Slant range vis issues will also persist and impact arrivals. Smoke impacts may remain an issue until the next storm system, which right now looks like late next week. Generally light winds through the period. Vicinity of KSFO...MVFR/IFR vis with MVFR cigs due to wildfire smoke. Winds will remain light. SFO Bridge Approach...Similar to terminal. Monterey Bay Terminals...Conditions have worsened to MVFR with KMRY currently at 4 mile vis. Latest HRRR smoke forecast does not suggest much improvement. Expect MVFR vis through much of the period with occasions of VFR. Onshore winds will continue into the early evening before turning southerly. && .MARINE...as of 03:01 PM PST Thursday...North to northwest winds will prevail over the coastal waters through the end of the week and into the coming weekend. Expect locally breezy winds near coastal gaps and favored coastal jet locations during the afternoon and evening hours. Mixed swell with a moderate northwest swell and light southerly swell. && .MTR WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... .Tngt...None. $$ PUBLIC FORECAST: Sims AVIATION: AS MARINE: DRP Visit us at www.weather.gov/sanfrancisco Follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube at: www.facebook.com/nwsbayarea www.twitter.com/nwsbayarea www.youtube.com/nwsbayarea
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Blacksburg VA
807 PM EST Thu Nov 15 2018 .SYNOPSIS... An upper level low pressure area will bring about a changeover from rain this evening to mountain snow showers. Limited snow accumulations are expected from this short-lived period of snow showers. Blustery and cold conditions are expected on Friday, followed by fair but chilly weather for the weekend. && .NEAR TERM /THROUGH FRIDAY/... As of 746 PM EST Thursday...Made several changes to headlines with this update. I`ve hoisted a heavily impacts-driven Wind Advisory until 9 AM Friday from the foothills of the VA Blue Ridge, the mountains of northwestern NC westward to southeastern West Virginia. Many trees and powerlines in the Advisory have some glaze from overnight and this morning`s freezing rain/sleet event, which haven`t really melted significantly as temperatures have barely reached freezing. 18z model guidance has trended stronger regarding the potential for at least gusty NW winds behind passage of a strong cold front later this evening, with 850 mb winds of 40-45 kts and 6 hourly pressure rises near 5-6 mb. Admittedly forecast wind gusts are quite marginal - between 40-45 mph with as much as 50 mph possible, but given the weighed-down and glazed- up state of the trees and powerlines, think some consideration has to be given to the potential for these to be downed from these wind gusts. Excluded Smyth and Tazewell Counties from this Advisory as temperatures in the mid/upper 30s may allow for greater ice melt. Expired the Winter Weather headlines, as most areas have transitioned to drizzle and mist under the dryslot. Upper-level low and lower-level cold front is now progressing across eastern KY, with a dryslot leading to areas of drizzle and mist encompassing a large part of the Blacksburg forecast area. These features will progress east/northeast across the region through the first half of the evening. Of some concern for at least our southeast West Virginia counties is that 925-850 mb frontogenetic forcing which lies out ahead of the deeper colder air pocket. Temps are hovering in the low- mid 30s and there`s some pretty good radar reflectivity returns showing up across central WV and eastern KY. Between 10 pm and midnight, we should see rain change to snow showers rather quickly from western Greenbrier through Mercer Counties, and into the mountains of northwest NC - with a potential for a coating to an quick inch of snow with brief reduced visibility. Following the recent HRRR and the WRF guidance, appears this precipitation band dries up as the upper low and front move more northeast. Should be an otherwise dry evening in the Piedmont. Didn`t make any changes to low temperatures which appear on track at this point in time. Previous discussion issued at 330 PM Thursday... The closed upper low is moving into the Ohio Valley this afternoon. This is slightly faster than previously forecasted and has resulted in heavier rain leaving early with temperatures warming into the mid 30s. However, flow remains easterly along and east of the Blue Ridge for light rain and drizzle to continue to fall for the rest of the afternoon. Some isolated locations are still below freezing and may experience an additional light glazing of ice. The closed low is expected to jog to the east this evening before it tracks northeast along the Appalachians. As winds turn towards the west, temperatures should warm into the mid to upper 30s, helping to melt remain ice left on trees. The low is expected to move quickly to the New England coast overnight. Modest pressure rises and an increasing cross-barrier jet will result in breezy and gusty winds tonight into Friday afternoon. Majority of the ice, should have melted off of the trees before these northwest winds increase tonight. Also accompany the winds will be upslope rain showers change to snow showers tonight. The overall pattern does not suggest any long duration or significant snow accumulations for western slopes tonight. High pressure builds in Friday afternoon with winds subsiding. Temperatures will warm into the 40s across the mountains to the lower 50s east. && .SHORT TERM /FRIDAY NIGHT THROUGH SUNDAY NIGHT/... As of 115 PM EST Thursday... Friday night the area will be within an region of decreasing northwest flow aloft in the wake of the departing upper low and the approach of surface high pressure. The speeds are expected to be too weak, that combined with increasing dry air across the region, to support any lingering upslope isolated rain/snow showers across western Greenbrier County. Partly cloudy skies are possible though in this region compared to mostly clear to clear elsewhere across the forecast area. Low temperatures are expected to range from the upper 20s to lower 30s across the mountains with lower 30s across the Piedmont. Saturday night through Sunday surface high pressure builds over, then east of the are as the flow aloft becomes zonal. Expect a continuation of dry conditions and a slight warming trend. Sunday night into Monday a cold front is expected to reach the western extent of the area but have little impact on our region as it progresses eastward. Some parts of southeast West Virginia will experience some light rain/snow showers late Sunday afternoon and Night. Temperatures by Sunday night will range from the low to mid 30s across the mountains with mid to upper 30s across the Piedmont. HIgh temperatures on Monday will reach the mid to upper 40s across the mountains and mid to upper 50s over the Piedmont. Confidence in the above portion of the forecast is moderate to high. && .LONG TERM /MONDAY THROUGH THURSDAY/... As of 140 PM EST Thursday... The region will remain near the base of a broad upper trough that will have periodic weak disturbances progressing across our area. Model vary as to the timing of these features, but all are consistent that none will have a huge impact on our forecast. Most offer some isolated to scattered rain/snow showers across parts of southeast West Virginia, with limited coverage, if any, farther east over central or eastern parts of the forecast area. Our latest forecast will reject such scenarios with one small potential Monday into Monday into Monday night, and then again Tuesday night. The vast majority of the forecast area will receive no precipitation during this time period. Temperatures during this part of the forecast will generally range from highs of the low to mid 40s over the mountains with low to mid 50s across the Piedmont. Low temperatures will range from the upper 20s to lower 30s across the mountains with low to mid 30s across the Piedmont. Forecast confidence in the above portion of the forecast is moderate. && .AVIATION /01Z FRIDAY THROUGH TUESDAY/... As of 807 PM EST Thursday... Largely IFR to LIFR conditions due to low ceilings and/or reduced visibilities from mist/light fog characterize the TAFs, and will continue to be the case through the next couple hours. Will then await the westerly/northwest wind shift associated with a strong cold front working its way across eastern KY. Should mostly affect Bluefield with rain changing to snow showers, with the potential for IFR to LIFR visby in steady light to moderate-intensity snow between 02-04z. Intermittent snow showers possible at Lewisburg and Blacksburg but threat ends by 05z. Westerly wind shift should allow for mixing of fog out and general improvement in ceilings/visbys to VFR pretty much from Roanoke eastward after 05z, except residual sub-VFR ceilings in the mountains (Bluefield and Blacksburg). Winds variable, will trend westerly and increase to 10-12 kts with gusts 20-25 kts from Roanoke westward overnight, and around 6-8 kts at Lynchburg and Danville. May see light/moderate chop for small aircraft around the Blue Ridge overnight as northwest low-level jet increases to 45 kts. Any leftover sub-VFR ceilings give way to full VFR areawide Friday as high pressure noses in. Still pretty breezy with northwest winds 8-13kts gusts to 20 kts. Forecast confidence is moderate to high overnight tonight, with biggest uncertainities being timing and mixover to snow showers at Bluefield. Otherwise, confidence is high for Friday. Extended Discussion... VFR conditions with a mostly clear sky will return across the region for the weekend. Models suggest a chance for MVFR ceilings in southeast West Virginia on Friday night and Saturday morning but confidence is this occurring is low. && .RNK WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... VA...Wind Advisory until 9 AM EST Friday for VAZ010>020-022>024- 032>035. NC...Wind Advisory until 9 AM EST Friday for NCZ001-002-018. WV...Wind Advisory until 9 AM EST Friday for WVZ042>044-507-508. && $$ SYNOPSIS...RCS NEAR TERM...AL/RCS SHORT TERM...DS LONG TERM...DS AVIATION...AL/RCS