Forecast Discussions mentioning any of "HRRR" "RAP" "RUC13" "RUC" "RR" received at GSD on 04/04/18


Previous forecast discussion below...

Latest analysis indicating that the warm front is becoming diffuse while finally pushing N through the local area. A light SSW flow now seen in obs over most places, though with winds still less than 10 kt, a local seabreeze still is affecting areas near the Bay and coast. Expect the mixing to increase over the next hr or so and should see SSW winds increase a bit more. For late this aftn/early evening have added 20-30% PoPs across the north for a few showers developing along the remnant boundary. Expect these to diminish towards sunset or slightly thereafter. temperatures this aftn have genly risen into the 60s with 70s in NE NC, and still some 50s over the far north. For tonight, anticipate nearly steady temperatures, perhaps even rising a bit after midnight as the southerly flow increases ahead of the the cold front approaching from the west. Lows will avg 55-60 F N to low 60s central and south (locally in the lower 50s eastern shore coast). Mainly dry through 12Z/Wed morning, though a few showers may make it into the far western portions of the CWA between 09-12Z. The cold front moves into the Piedmont Wednesday morning and nears the coast by early aftn and pushes offshore by late aftn/early evening. The local area has been outlooked for a slight risk for severe across roughly the eastern 2/3 with a marginal risk across the Piedmont. The main threat will be wind given a fairly uniform wind from the SSW. Speed shear is rather strong so this is genly a conditional severe threat in that anything that does develop will have the potential for strong winds. Overall, continue to think that the best chance for strong to severe storms will be favored in Se VA and NE NC from early to mid aftn. This is where precip holds off longer in the morning, allowing for more heating and somewhat higher (though still marginal) sfc-based instability. Farther NW still looks like the precip arrives too early for anything more than a line of showers with potential for a few embedded tstms. The NAM/GFS remain similar with respect to timing with likely PoPs progressing across the area Wednesday, mainly in the morning through midday W, and early/mid aftn E. Highs temperatures range from the 60s NW to lower 70s SE. Appears enough dry air arrives from the NW to lower PoPs significantly over the NW 1/2 of the CWA before 21Z (potentially as early as 18z) and all areas by 00Z. && .SHORT TERM /WEDNESDAY NIGHT THROUGH FRIDAY/... Dry/becoming mostly clear Wednesday night and mostly sunny and cooler for Thursday. Lows in the 30s most areas Wednesday night (potentially upper 20s NW). Highs Thursday in the low 50s NE to the mid/upper 50s elsewhere. Partly cloudy with lows in the mid 30s to mid 40s Thu night. Increasing SW flow ahead of the next front on Fri will allow for warming temperatures. Partly cloudy south and mostly cloudy north. Highs mainly in the 60s. && .LONG TERM /FRIDAY NIGHT THROUGH TUESDAY/... Rain overspreads the entire CWA late Friday night into Saturday morning as surface low pressure approaches western NC. At the same time, a frontal boundary will be situated across the VA/NC border. Temperatures will likely be in the low-mid 50s Saturday morning south of the boundary in NE NC, while we will see 30s in our northwestern counties/low-mid 40s in the Richmond metro to the Eastern Shore. The frontal boundary will slowly push southward through NC while precipitation is falling over the entire CWA during the day on Saturday. Therefore, we will likely have steady or slowly falling temperatures. By Saturday evening, the boundary will be well south of the CWA as low pressure pulls offshore. If/when we will see a changeover to snow in parts of our CWA is still our main forecast question. Continued to lean toward a GFS solution for this event. Latest 03/12z GFS has the changeover occurring from an LKU-EZF-Dover line by noon Saturday with a rain/snow mix possible from RIC-SBY northward by evening as the precipitation starts to wind down from northwest to southeast. Latest 03/12z CMC is similar to the GFS, while the 03/12z ECMWF is slightly farther south with the track of the low pressure system. At this time, it looks like there is the possibility of a light accumulation on grassy surfaces in our far northwestern counties. Lows Sunday morning will be at or below freezing inland/around 35- 40F near the coast in the wake of the low pressure system. Expect a cool but dry day Sunday with highs in the 50s. More rain is possible on Monday as another storm system approaches the area. Temperatures will remain below average on Monday-Tuesday with highs in the 50s and lows in the 30s-low 40s. && .AVIATION /01Z WEDNESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY/... Whatever is left of the surface warm front is moving northward through the forecast area at this time. A few sprinkles/light showers are possible early this evening at RIC and SBY, but latest upstream observations show CIGS around 10000ft with -RA so these sprinkles should be of little consequence and will not be included in the terminal forecast. VFR conditions will continue for this evening into the overnight for the area. Some MVFR cigs may move northward into NE NC and the VA Tidewater later tonight as increased moisture moves northward. In addition, some LLWS is possible tonight at RIC and SBY. The cold front approaches the area late tonight and moves through the region late Wed morning into Wed aftn. A narrow line of showers and scattered thunderstorms are expected with this line. MVFR to even brief IFR conditions possible for a short period of time as this line of showers/storms move through. Could certainly see some gusty winds with any stronger storm on Wednesday, especially PHF/ORF/ECG. However, these showers/storms will be short lived and it will quickly dry out and clear out behind the front later Wed aftn. W-NW winds will also become quite gusty with gusts 25-30kt not out of question. Outlook: High pressure builds in from the NW Wednesday night and passes over the area Thursday, with dry conditions and VFR. High pressure moves offshore Thursday night and Friday as another cold front approaches from the NW Should remain predominantly VFR. The cold front drops through the region Friday night with low pressure tracking across the Carolinas Saturday and expect deteriorating conditions with flight restrictions possible by Sat/Sat night. && .MARINE... Latest sfc analysis shows a weak stationary frontal bndry in the vicinity with strong low pressure over the Midwest. That low will track to the ENE tonight, dragging a cold front towards the Mid Atlc. Ahead of the cold front, southerly flow strengthens especially overnight into Wed morning. Went ahead and put all headlines in effect with SCA conditions expected to commence within about 12 hr or so, and also included the rivers/Sound/Lwr James. Winds further increase into the day Wed, with gusts up to 30 kt expected over the wtrs. Some occasional gusts up to 35 kt also psbl over the coastal wtrs/Bay. Seas up to 5-7 ft. The front pushes offshore Wed aftn, with SCA conditions expected to continue post frontal especially over the Bay and northern coastal wtrs. Benign marine conditions then for Thu as high pressure builds into the region. Next chance for SCA conditions arrives Fri as low pressure passes off to the north. && .AKQ WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... MD...None. NC...None. VA...None. MARINE...Small Craft Advisory until 7 PM EDT Wednesday for ANZ633- 635>638-656-658. Small Craft Advisory until midnight EDT Wednesday night for ANZ630>632-634-650-652-654. && $$ SYNOPSIS...LKB NEAR TERM...MRD/LKB SHORT TERM...AJZ/LKB LONG TERM...ERI AVIATION...MRD MARINE...MAS
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Binghamton NY
950 PM EDT Tue Apr 3 2018 .SYNOPSIS... Showers will continue tonight as a warm front crosses the region. Expect low temperatures early tonight, followed by rising temperatures overnight. A pronounced cold front will bring additional showers, and a chance for thunder, on Wednesday morning. Strong, gusty winds and colder weather will develop Wednesday afternoon and evening. Scattered power outages will be possible due to the high winds. && .NEAR TERM /THROUGH WEDNESDAY/... With our area getting into the warm sector south of a warm front passing through overnight, we`re forecasting a non- diurnal temperature trend with evening lows in the upper 30s-low 40s rising into the lower 50s early Wednesday morning. A look at radar trends this evening show a break in the action between rounds of showers. A cluster of showers over western PA looks to primarily stay south of our region heading into the overnight but additional showers and even a rumble of thunder or two will move back into the region as we get closer to sunrise. Over the past few hours fog has become locally dense across the Poconos northeast into Sullivan county. HRRR and NARRE guidance continue to insist on the dense fog becoming widespread overnight. However, winds should start to increase ahead of a cold front by sunrise. Also, these models may be overestimating the snowcover which would lead to a low visibility bias in this case. For now, we have opted to issue an SPS for these locations into the overnight as some patchy dense fog is likely in higher elevations and where any snowcover is. Previous including discussion on wind headlines.... The main concern associated with the passing of deepening low pressure moving across northern NY on Wednesday will be the development of strong and gusty winds along and behind the surface cold front. Cold FROPA is slated to traverse the area between about 15Z-18Z followed by a well mixed low level environment in moderate to strong cold advection. Isallobaric rise/fall couplet slides mainly through the Finger Lakes region into north Central NY. Within this favorable environment for efficient momentum transfer, strong post frontal winds aloft of 50-60 knots should occasionally be realized at the surface. Decided to upgrade a portion of our High Wind Watch areas to a Warning from Yates to Oneida counties where the open terrain along the lake plain, as well as channeling down the Mohawk Valley will be the highest confidence locations for strong and damaging winds. Further south, away from the low, winds will be slightly less and thus better addressed with a Wind Advisory for scattered wind driven problems such as downed wires and power outages. As the low and frontal system shifts to the northeast, temperatures will steadily fall during the afternoon with any showers mixing with and changing to snow showers on Wednesday night. There should be some multi-band lake response as 850 mb temperatures are progged to drop to around -15C. This should be enough for scattered-numerous snow showers across the northern zones with only nominal accumulations in April. Speed shear across the lake looks a little tricky for much resident time of the parcels. && .SHORT TERM /WEDNESDAY NIGHT THROUGH FRIDAY/... Northwest flow of unseasonably cold air will keep an area of lake effect snow of the northern zones into Thursday afternoon before air mass modification and a more westerly flow ends the activity. Shortwave and closed surface low over the upper lakes pushes a warm front into the area Thursday night and early Friday bring a bit of snow, followed by mixed precipitation and rain on Friday. Cold front will follow the system late in the day and begin a return back to colder air and snow showers. Despite a bit of warming Friday, short term will continue the trend of below normal temperatures with a broad upper trough remaining in place. && .LONG TERM /FRIDAY NIGHT THROUGH TUESDAY/... Same old story with a broad upper trough over the easter third of the U.S. and a stream of short waves racing through in the fast flow. Friday night will see some limited lake effect but the flow is not quite as favorable as with previous events. Strong southern stream storm is expected to pass well south of the area Saturday night into Sunday spreading snow in areas that rarely see such events in April. so while we`ll be cold, it doesn`t look white. Later SUnday, a closed upper low drops into western New England reinforcing the cold air and bringing scattered instability snow showers to the area into the overnight. Surface high pressure overhead for Monday will hopefully suppress the next low to the south as well, keeping the area dry but cold. && .AVIATION /02Z WEDNESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY/... A warm front will lift north through the region overnight followed by a vigorous cold front Wednesday morning. In general Alternate Required conditions are forecast overnight with MVFR visibility restrictions also at KRME/KSYR due to scattered showers. At KITH, Alternate Min conditions are forecast with improvement to Alternate Required around 03Z. At KBGM, IFR conditions are expected until 09Z. Between 08Z-15Z, MVFR/Alternate Required showers are forecast ahead of the cold front. By mid morning conditions will be improving to VFR with scattered light showers til early afternoon. Low level wind shear will perists until frontal passage with winds around 2K feet from the south/southwest at 40-50 knots. Surface winds will be south/southeast at 8 to 15 knots shifting to west to southwest Wednesday morning at 15 to 25 knots with gusts around 30 knots then increasing during the early afternoon from the west at 20 to 25 knots with gusts 35 to 45 knots. Outlook... Wednesday night...VFR-MVFR. Scattered snow showers with restrictions possible. Thursday and Friday...Occasional restrictions are foreseen, in snow showers, or even a period of light snow. Saturday-Sunday...Mainly VFR. && .BGM WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... PA...Wind Advisory from 10 AM Wednesday to midnight EDT Wednesday night for PAZ038>040-043-044-047-048-072. NY...Wind Advisory from 10 AM Wednesday to midnight EDT Wednesday night for NYZ022>025-044>046-055>057-062. High Wind Warning from 10 AM Wednesday to midnight EDT Wednesday night for NYZ009-015>018-036-037. && $$ SYNOPSIS...JAB NEAR TERM...JAB/MWG SHORT TERM...DGM LONG TERM...DGM AVIATION...RRM
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Columbia SC
1006 PM EDT Tue Apr 3 2018 .SYNOPSIS... A cold front will move across the forecast area Wednesday bringing scattered showers and possibly thunderstorms. Dry high pressure will build back into the region for Thursday and Friday followed by another low pressure system over the weekend. && .NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 AM WEDNESDAY MORNING/... Upper-level trough over the northern Plains will move to the Great Lakes region by early morning. Surface low will deepen and track from the Midwest to the Great Lakes region overnight. The trailing cold front will be approaching the region toward morning. The HRRR brings showers into the western portion of the forecast area by 11Z so adjusted pops slightly based on this and other high resolution model output. QPF amounts are light given unimpressive PWAT values and quick movement of the system. Expect increasing cloudiness especially after midnight. Minimum temperatures expected to fall into the low to mid 60s. && .SHORT TERM /6 AM WEDNESDAY MORNING THROUGH THURSDAY NIGHT/... A cold front will move into the forecast area (FA) from the west Wednesday morning. Weak moisture transport and westerly 850 mb winds do not support widespread rainfall. Convection allowing models also suggest that the line of showers will become scattered as they move across the FA in the morning. Total rainfall from the system will likely be less than 0.25 inches for most areas. We can`t rule out a chance for thunderstorms through the day, mainly in the east where the frontal passage will better coincide with the daytime heating. However tall, skinny CAPE profiles and near neutral LI values suggest the chance for severe weather will be isolated. PWAT values at 1.5 inches or less with decent storm movement do not support heavy rain concerns from individual cells. High pressure along with cooler and drier air will begin building back into the region Wednesday evening and be centered over the region Thursday afternoon and night. Afternoon high temperatures will be in the mid 70s on Wednesday and the mid to upper 60s Thursday with overnight lows in the upper 30s to low 40s Wednesday night and mid 40s Thursday night. && .LONG TERM /FRIDAY THROUGH TUESDAY/... Broad upper level troughing and embedded shortwaves support unsettled weather through the long term. High pressure will move in behind the front for Thursday and will move away from the region on Friday as the next low pressure system approaches from the west. There is a large spread in guidance for the track of the low pressure system that will move into the eastern US over the weekend. Decent moisture transport and forcing along a frontal boundary suggests rainfall is likely at some point during the weekend. Temperatures will be near normal Friday and Monday with below normal for Saturday and Sunday. && .AVIATION /02Z WEDNESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY/... Low-level wind shear, possible thunderstorms, and breezy conditions will be the main issues during during the 24-hour TAF period. The approaching cold front will move through the area during the middle of the day Wednesday. A strong low-level jet will be associated with the front. There will be diminished surface wind because of less mixing associated with nocturnal cooling tonight into Wednesday morning. Based on the NAM we have included low- level wind shear during the 04z to 14z time frame. Based on the HRRR a band of showers or thunderstorms will begin moving into the area around 11z ahead of the cold front. There may be enough instability associated with the low-level jet combined with h5 temperatures near -13 C to support mainly elevated thunderstorms. The high shear indicates strong wind gusts will be possible with any stronger convection. The HRRR suggests drying beginning 15z to 16z. It will remain breezy along and behind the front. The GFS LAMP and NAM bufkit momentum transfer tool suggests gusts 18 to 22 knots. EXTENDED AVIATION OUTLOOK...Widespread MVFR or IFR conditions may occur Friday night into Sunday associated with a frontal system. The greatest chance of most significant restrictions is Saturday and Saturday night. && .CAE WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... GA...None. SC...None. && $$ SYNOPSIS...99 NEAR TERM...99 SHORT TERM...99 LONG TERM...99 AVIATION...99
Area Forecast Discussion...UPDATED
National Weather Service Corpus Christi TX
846 PM CDT Tue Apr 3 2018 .DISCUSSION... Just made a few changes to the grids given the current situation and trends. Shorter term models are going a tad slower with the front, which means the rain chances near the coast may bleed into the 06Z-10Z time frame. As a result, did adjust the POPs for tonight to account for this. Latest HRRR (which at times can be over-doing rain chances) is still showing some convection as the boundary moves down. Thus, did not want to lower or adjust POPs too much, although it appears that (based on the 1 km reflectivity) it is hinting more at scattered convection. Could still not rule out a strong storm or two Victoria area and NE coastal counties. Any good convection heading toward the gulf may require a SMW as the winds will be elevated with any convection along the front. Adjusted temperatures and dew points to fit better with observations and current trends (brought the Forecast Monitor to green at least for now). Finally, will monitor for possible Wind Advisory for the coastal areas as winds have the potential to gust to 40 mph or more for an hour or two. Want to see the new meso-models before pulling the trigger on that. Products have been updated. && .MARINE... Sustained winds behind front are expected to be below 30 knots but could have some gusts to 35-40 knots along fropa. At this time, since surrounding areas are keeping SCA conditions will not pull the trigger on any gale conditions at this time, but we could have some gusts 35 knots or so with the front. Will monitor. && .PREVIOUS DISCUSSION... /Issued 638 PM CDT Tue Apr 3 2018/ DISCUSSION... See .AVIATION discussion for the 00Z TAFs. AVIATION... Main issue is the timing of the front and the possible convection with it, then how strong the winds will be behind it. Do have TEMPO TSRA for the thunder at all but KLRD, where not very likely to happen there. TEMPO group is associated with the timing of the front, expected sometime around 03Z at KVCT, and 05Z-06Z at the other three terminals. Winds will be NNE with increasing winds likely above 20 kts sustained at eastern terminals. Will likely have some MVFR conditions with the front at the eastern terminals as well, with MVFR likely continuing after 12Z at KCRP (but improving AOA 18Z), but improving before that at the other terminals. Winds will remain elevated and gusty but diminish during the afternoon, lastly as usual at KCRP with gusty winds continuing through most of the afternoon with the NE flow from the bays. PREVIOUS DISCUSSION... /Issued 407 PM CDT Tue Apr 3 2018/ SHORT TERM (Tonight through Wednesday night)... A strong cold front positioned across Central Texas will continue on its southward track into the region tonight as an upper level trough digs into the Central Plains. Although the region has been fairly capped this afternoon, anticipate the cap to begin to erode late this afternoon into this evening as the front approaches and a series of shortwaves moves out from northern Mexico and across the region. Hi-res models continue to indicate that our CWA will be more on the tail end of the stronger developing convection, and will continue with the highest PoPs across the northern Coastal Bend into the Victoria Crossroads. Given MUCAPE values still around 2000 to 2500 J/kg this evening, forcing from the front, and the upper level support overhead, some strong storms will be possible. Widespread severe storms are not anticipated, but an isolated severe storm cannot be ruled out, especially across northeast portions of the Victoria Crossroads where SPC has outlined a Slight Risk. The majority of convection will move through generally before midnight, with some scattered storms lingering a bit longer into the early morning hours. Breezy to windy north winds can be anticipated to develop across South Texas and the Middle Texas Coastal Waters during the early morning hours. A Small Craft Advisory is already in effect for early Wednesday morning through the afternoon. Strong gusts will be possible overland, especially along the coastal areas late tonight through the early morning. Winds will gradually relax through the day on Wednesday. Much cooler air will filter into the region tonight, with lows in the mid 50s to low 60s. Tomorrow will be much cooler, with highs struggling to get into the low 70s during the afternoon. Similar temperatures will then redevelop tomorrow night. LONG TERM... && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... Corpus Christi 58 71 61 79 70 / 50 10 10 20 10 Victoria 54 72 53 79 68 / 60 10 10 20 10 Laredo 56 72 60 82 68 / 10 10 10 0 10 Alice 59 71 58 81 68 / 30 10 10 20 10 Rockport 60 72 63 77 71 / 50 10 10 20 10 Cotulla 53 72 57 81 67 / 10 10 10 0 10 Kingsville 60 71 59 81 69 / 40 10 10 20 10 Navy Corpus 63 73 65 78 72 / 50 10 10 20 10 && .CRP WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... TX...None. GM...Small Craft Advisory from 3 AM to 7 PM CDT Wednesday For the following zones: Coastal waters from Baffin Bay to Port Aransas out 20 NM...Coastal waters from Port Aransas to Matagorda Ship Channel out 20 NM...Waters from Baffin Bay to Port Aransas from 20 to 60 NM...Waters from Port Aransas to Matagorda Ship Channel from 20 to 60 NM. Small Craft Advisory from 3 AM to 1 PM CDT Wednesday For the following zones: Bays and Waterways from Baffin Bay to Port Aransas...Bays and Waterways from Port Aransas to Port O`Connor. && $$ GW/86...SHORT TERM
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC
1050 PM EDT Tue Apr 3 2018 .SYNOPSIS... A cold front will approach from the west late tonight and cross the forecast area by mid-morning Wednesday. Cool and dry high pressure will build across the region Thursday and linger into Friday. Then another moist frontal system affects the area on Saturday. && .NEAR TERM /THROUGH WEDNESDAY/... As of 1040 pm: Pre-frontal strong to severe convection, which is steadily taking on a more linear QLCS/MCS-ish character, currently extends from southern Middle Tennessee/northwest AL into east-central Kentucky, while isolated showers have been gradually increasing in coverage ahead of the frontal band across East TN. A Severe Thunderstorm Watch is in effect until 07Z for much of East Tn and eastern Kentucky. As one would expect, a progged decline in instability parameters (despite steep mid-level lapse rates associated with remnant elevated mixed layer air) and deeper forcing passing north of the area is expected to result in a continued diminishing trend in convection over the next several hours. This is very much supported by the latest HREF output, which basically depicts little in the way of substantive updraft speeds or helicity by the time the frontal band makes landfall in the southern Appalachians circa 06Z. The threat for severe convection over our area therefore appears to be dependent upon one or more strong/organized cold pools developing in association with the developing QLCSs to our west. This doesn`t seem entirely likely given the environment, and it makes sense to us that SPC is sticking to their guns in maintaining only a sliver of a marginal risk across southwest NC. (Having said that, the HRRR suggests perhaps a marginal risk exists southeast of I-85 as well, where it does depict some enhanced cellular activity developing along the leading edge of the frontal band toward daybreak). The Hazardous Weather Outlook will be repositioned to mention the potential for damaging winds across the western-most tier (or so) of counties in NC, and a very marginal threat across southern Piedmont areas. Otherwise, min temps tonight will be well above normal in most areas, although strong cold advection will be sweeping through the far western mtns by sunrise. Gusty NW winds develop behind the cold front Wed, clearing out much of the cloudiness and introducing much cooler air. Max temps are forecast to top out several degrees below climo in most areas, or about 15 degrees cooler than the last couple of days. && .SHORT TERM /WEDNESDAY NIGHT THROUGH FRIDAY/... As of 215 PM EDT Tuesday: A surface high will build in quickly from the west Wednesday night, allowing for good radiational cooling conditions outside of the mountains as wind diminishes in the early morning hours Thursday. The guidance continues to suggest low temps dropping down into the frost range over parts of Upstate SC, northeast GA, and the NC southern foothills and piedmont. The guidance also suggests freezing temps across the northeast Georgia mountains but only the highest peaks of the Upstate mountains seeing freezing. Therefore, will go with a Freeze Watch for the northeast Georgia mountains where conditions are more favorable and more widespread. Still too early for a Frost Advisory, especially with concerns about the winds, but this will have to be monitored. The upper flow remains fast thru Thursday and into Friday, so the sfc high will move past and offshore by Thursday night. Highs will be about five degrees below normal Thursday with lows near normal Thursday night. A cold front moves southeast toward the area Friday. The continued moist southwesterly flow ahead of the front will help bring a chance of rain to the mountains during the afternoon. Highs Friday will be near normal. && .LONG TERM /FRIDAY NIGHT THROUGH TUESDAY/... As of 230 PM Tue: An action-packed medium range period is in store, featuring not one but two frontal passages, Saturday and Monday, each of which will be accompanied by a wave of low pressure. While timing is fairly well agreed upon, enough model spread is still seen in the smaller details to keep confidence lower than usual. Precip chances increase Friday night as the first front approaches from the NW. Most likely precipitation will be all liquid to start; some guidance depicts cold air filtering in during the day Saturday and beginning a transition to wintry p-types at that time, but the most likely scenario appears to be for precip to remain liquid until Saturday night, when the aforementioned sfc wave has passed east of the area and PoPs will be tapering off overall. High pressure will build east out of the Midwest on the cool side of the front, and there is a chance that in-situ CAD will develop over WV/VA. Temps are likely to remain 10-13 degrees below normal, but right now the really impactful temps (i.e. those that would support wintry wx during the day) don`t look likely to occur as far south as our CWFA. Dry but continued cool conditions are expected Sunday following the departure of the first front. As sfc high pressure sets up over the Eastern Seaboard Sunday night, and as the next cyclone enters from the west, the GFS expects that CAD will develop again, this time far enough south to "wedge in" at least our northeastern zones, and produce another precip event for the area. The previous (03/00z) run of the EC agreed broadly on this, but the new 12z run instead keeps us dry on Monday, and accordingly not as cool. If precip does occur early Monday, sfc temps in parts of the mtns could support a wintry mix, though warm advection over the wedge makes this a complex fcst, and confidence is low in p-types. Max temps remain two or three categories below normal through the end of the period, though mins Sun and Monday night will be only slightly below normal. && .AVIATION /03Z WEDNESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY/... At KCLT and Elsewhere: The main issue during this forecast cycle will be cold frontal passage that will occur beginning early Wed morning, and the showers and potential thunderstorms that will accompany the front. High resolution models are speeding up the timing of the front, as they often do (typically with a good bit of accuracy) in organized convective situations. Additionally, some upslope shower activity/possible TSRA may develop due to terrain effects well ahead of the frontal band. (These would primarily impact KAVL). As such, timing of SHRA onset has been moved earlier a couple of hours at most sites. TSRA along with gusty winds have been included in a tempo at KAVL and KAND. Outside of those terminals, TS chances are a bit iffy, as the overall trend should be toward toward weakening of the frontal band. Nevertheless, at least a VCTS mention has been included at all other terminals. Flight conditions have generally been maintained at the low VFR or MVFR level in association with the showers, but would not rule out brief periods of IFR, especially low visby associated with RA+. Winds will remain S/SW at around 10 kts (with higher gusts possible) through the evening and into the early part of the overnight. Winds will then turn to the W and NW by late morning, with gusts to around 20 kts possible (likely higher than that at KAVL). Otherwise, clearing skies/improving flight conditions will accompany the shifting winds. Outlook: Drier/VFR conditions will persist through the end of the work week. Another moist low pressure is expected to bring precipitation and restrictions to the area during the first half of the weekend, with drying likely returning by Sunday. Confidence Table... 03-09Z 09-15Z 15-21Z 21-00Z KCLT High 100% High 100% High 98% High 100% KGSP High 100% Med 75% High 100% High 100% KAVL High 100% High 98% High 100% High 100% KHKY High 100% High 98% High 100% High 100% KGMU High 100% Med 73% High 100% High 100% KAND High 100% High 82% High 100% High 100% The percentage reflects the number of guidance members agreeing with the scheduled TAF issuance flight rule category. Complete hourly experimental aviation forecast consistency tables and ensemble forecasts are available at the following link: www.weather.gov/gsp/aviation && .GSP WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... GA...Freeze Watch from late Wednesday night through Thursday morning for GAZ010-017. NC...None. SC...None. && $$ SYNOPSIS...ARK NEAR TERM...JDL SHORT TERM...RWH LONG TERM...Wimberley AVIATION...JDL
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Houston/Galveston TX
942 PM CDT Tue Apr 3 2018 .NEAR TERM [Through Tonight]... Update forecast to remove counties from the northern half of the forecast area as capping and front under cutting storms has caused a diminished severe weather threat. Front and outflow continues to rush south across I-10 cooridor with a stronger cluster of storms over Colorado County. Overall convection should remain weak with strong capping evident in AMDAR airplane soundings. Overpeck && .PREV DISCUSSION /Issued 809 PM CDT Tue Apr 3 2018/... Updated forecast for ongoing trends based on radar. Cap holding strong south of the front and seems to be the limiting factor in the convection over Walker County. Cold front is approaching the strong storms so may see an up tick in activity. Jet streak still west of the area but lift from it seems to be weak at this time as there has not been much convection to form west of the area. There are a few storms near La Grange to Bastrop so possible storms could fill in along the front between this activity and the Walker County activity. HRRR model trends seem on track so latest update to the forecast follows those trends. Hopefully we can clear some of the northern counties from the severe thunderstorm watch before 10PM depending upon how far south the front reaches. Overpeck .AVIATION [00Z TAF Issuance]... Challenging forecast timing the collision of the oncoming front and storms ongoing ahead of the front. Additionally, lots of questions as to how much the cap will erode farther downstream towards the Houston metro. With these uncertainties, have mainly chosen to tweak the timing of prevailing TSRA at all sites based on latest radar and satellite trends. With the complex evolution of these storms, it may require further amendments until we reach a more steady state after dark in which the front dominates. Luchs .MARINE... Onshore flow has relaxed somewhat with the approach of a cold front stretching from near Little Rock AR to Pecos TX and have allowed the Small Craft Should Exercise Caution statement to expire for the nearshore waters. Have continued it for the offshore waters where seas remain elevated. Despite this weakening wind trend, there will be little time for seas to fall further before the cold front moves off the coast around midnight and dramatically increasing northerly winds behind the front will allow for seas to build further. Strong offshore winds in the 20-30 knot range across the coastal waters will result in seas building into the 5 to 7 feet range nearshore and 6 to 8 feet range offshore. Winds will begin decreasing by Wednesday afternoon as surface ridging builds into Texas. A line of strong to possibly severe thunderstorms is expected to accompany the cold front tonight and may result in locally enhanced winds and waves before clearing the waters by sunrise. Patchy or light sea fog with visibilities in the 4-6 NM range will be possible across the waters before the cold front clears the coast. Huffman && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... College Station (CLL) 48 68 50 76 64 / 70 0 0 10 10 Houston (IAH) 54 71 50 76 64 / 70 0 0 20 10 Galveston (GLS) 60 69 61 75 68 / 50 10 0 10 10 && .HGX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... TX...None. GM...Small Craft Advisory from 4 AM to 1 PM CDT Wednesday for the following zones: Coastal waters from Freeport to the Matagorda Ship Channel out 20 NM...Coastal waters from High Island to Freeport out 20 NM...Galveston Bay...Matagorda Bay...Waters from Freeport to the Matagorda Ship Channel from 20 to 60 NM...Waters from High Island to Freeport from 20 to 60 NM. SMALL CRAFT SHOULD EXERCISE CAUTION until 4 AM CDT Wednesday for the following zones: Waters from Freeport to the Matagorda Ship Channel from 20 to 60 NM...Waters from High Island to Freeport from 20 to 60 NM. && $$ NEAR TERM...Overpeck SHORT TERM...Luchs LONG TERM...Huffman
Area Forecast Discussion...UPDATED
National Weather Service Jackson MS
912 PM CDT Tue Apr 3 2018 ...SEVERE WEATHER EXPECTED INTO TONIGHT... .UPDATE... Updated for evening discussion. && .DISCUSSION... Squall line of thunderstorms moving quickly through the region this evening. Earlier the line of storms produced widespread wind damage in the northwestern portion of the forecast area (mainly over the Arklamiss Delta) where instability was greater. Through the heart of the region wind damage has been more sporadic, although some tree damage continues, but most of the wind gusts likely are remaining in the 40 to 60 mph range. Slightly concerned, especially after viewing LIX`s 00Z sounding, that better low level moisture just north of the coast will seep north into locations across southeastern MS to reinvigorate convection before the worrisome activity clears east of MEI and HBG (before 1 AM). Will we keep a close eye on this situation and be quick to issue warnings on portions of the line (or other pre-frontal cells) that look to be intensifying and were previously not covered by warnings. Otherwise, the cold front itself is lagging the line of convection by at least 100 miles, but potential for any vigorous showers and storms right along the boundary is very low owing to preceding convection eating up all the moisture. This front will work from northwest to southeast across the Lower Mississippi late tonight and bring cooler air (and continued gusty north winds) to all areas by dawn Wednesday. Temperatures will be especially chilly up along and north of the Highway 82 corridor where lows in many of those spots will be down near 40 degrees. /BB/ Prior discussion below: .Tonight through Wednesday: The primary concern will be the risk of severe weather for late this afternoon into the overnight hours. Latest rap and satellite imagery showed an upper trough moving through the Plains toward the Mississippi Valley. Southwest flow aloft in flat ridging was observed across the region. On the surface the combination of low pressure to the west northwest and high pressure to the east was bring gusty winds mainly across the delta region. Portions of the delta region were under a wind advisory. Otherwise a cold front was approaching from the northwest. In the warm sector readings were in mainly in the upper 70s to lower 80s. Area radars were picking up some convection across portions of the ArkLaTex where weather watches were in effect. For late this afternoon into the overnight hours severe parameter still look favorable in the latest model runs. The cold front will be pushing into the northwest delta by early this evening. Latest Hi- res CAM guidance still shows a QLCS like line that will pass over the region from late this afternoon into the overnight hours. Looking at the favorable severe parameters vertical totals upper 20s, midlevel lapse rates around 6.5 to 7.5C, deep layer shear 40 to 55 knots, MUCAPE around 1500 J/KG. While tornadoes cannot be ruled out, the orientation of the 0-3km shear vectors are not as supportive for this threat. As we go through the night the instability will weaken as the QLCS tracks east southeast which is reflected on the CAM guidance. The primary risks will be golf ball size, damaging winds, and possible tornadoes. SPC has an enhanced risk across portions of the northern delta region with a slight risk elsewhere. Also the latest CAM guidance shows the post frontal gusty winds across the delta through through 08z. So will extend the wind advisory for a few more hours until 08z. The cold front will exit the region prior to dawn. PWATs will be around 1.6 to 1.7 inches which will may bring some locally heavy down pours. Due to the progressive nature of this system not expecting any major flooding concerns. For Wednesday isolated showers will depart the Pine Belt area early. A 1025 mb surface high will filter in a cooler airmass across the region during the day. As far as temperatures are concern cooler lows will range from the lower 40s to the lower 50s. Highs will range from the middle 50s northwest to the middle 60s southeast./17/ .Wednesday night through Monday night...Cold high pressure will build in over the area Wednesday night behind the cold front. Temperatures overnight Will fall into the 30s, with some areas experiencing some patchy frost. This may have to be highlighted in future HWO/Graphicasts. High pressure ridging will continue to persist on Thursday from a high centered over the Ohio Valley. Highs will climb to around 70 degrees across the area. As the surface flow increases out of the southeast Thursday night into Friday, so will the moisture. PWATS will climb to 1.3 to 1.5 inches across most of the area by Friday afternoon. Showers and thunderstorms will be on the increase by Friday afternoon into the evening hours, as a warm fronts pushes back north, out ahead of another short wave and associated frontal system that will move across the area overnight. The front will sweep south across the area Friday night into Saturday morning. Currently it looks like there will be enough shear/instability for the possibility of another round of strong to severe storms, and this will have to continue to be monitored. The GFS/ECMWF differ on the timing of the back edge of the precip on Saturday, with the ECMWF a little slower with moving the precipitation out of the area. High pressure and dry/cool conditions will return for Saturday, but the ECMWF/GFS diverge Sunday night and Monday with a cold front across the area. Both models have this feature, but the GFS is much stronger and wetter. Will blend the two models and go with low end chance for showers through this period. High pressure and dry/cool conditions will return Monday night. /15/ && .AVIATION... 00Z TAF discussion: Gusty showers and thunderstorms are expected to race from west to east across the region through midnight to 1 am, although they may not entirely clear through the PIB/HBG area until 3 am or so. With these storms anticipate westerly wind gusts up to 50 mph or more with brief flight cat reductions down to IFR levels. Ahead of the storms southwest winds will blow from 10 to 20 mph with a wind shift to the northwest as the front comes through and conditions remaining gusty. VFR conditions should prevail in all areas by mid morning tomorrow as clouds thin and clear. However, north winds will continue to gust up to 20 to 25 miles in all areas tomorrow through the day. /BB/ && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... Jackson 46 61 40 72 / 91 1 1 2 Meridian 49 63 37 71 / 88 5 1 2 Vicksburg 45 61 42 72 / 92 0 1 2 Hattiesburg 54 67 39 73 / 85 19 1 1 Natchez 48 63 41 73 / 85 0 1 1 Greenville 42 57 41 68 / 97 0 1 2 Greenwood 42 58 39 69 / 97 0 1 2 && .JAN WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... MS...Wind Advisory until 3 AM CDT Wednesday for MSZ018-019-025-026- 034-035. LA...None. AR...Wind Advisory until 3 AM CDT Wednesday for ARZ074-075. && $$ 15/17/BB
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Lake Charles LA
1045 PM CDT Tue Apr 3 2018 .UPDATE... Just a quick update is coming at the top of the hour to drop the nwrn zones...possibly as far east as Rapides Parish depending on radar trends...from the watch. Otherwise inherited grids/zones are handling the current situation well. The squall line currently noted on radar may be outrunning the grids a little, but not enough to warrant full-scale changes at this time. 25 && .PREV DISCUSSION... /issued 639 PM CDT Tue Apr 3 2018/ AVIATION... Regional radar imagery shows a line of thunderstorms currently moving SE across portions of Central Louisiana and adjacent East Texas. MVFR ceilings and areas of VCSH will affect areas ahead of the thunderstorms through this evening. Periods of IFR conditions along with gusty winds of 30 knots or greater and possibly small hail will be possible with the stronger thunderstorms. Currently, the timing of the greatest potential operational impacts due to thunderstorms is expected to be: now through 02Z at KAEX, 02Z through 05Z at KBPT and KLCH, and 03Z through 07Z at KARA and KLFT. The surface cold front is expected to push through the region behind the thunderstorms and result in winds becoming northerly at 15 to 20 knots with gusts of 25 to 30 knots through the overnight period. Conditions are expected to improve to VFR by mid morning as skies clear, but winds will remain elevated out of the north. PREV DISCUSSION... /issued 621 PM CDT Tue Apr 3 2018/ UPDATE... Severe Thunderstorm Watch #29 was issued for the area generally along/north of Texas 105/Interstate 10...with the exceptions of Lafayette and St. Martin Parishes...until 05z/midnight CDT. Local 88Ds show convection along an old outflow boundary...some possibly strong to severe...developing/moving into the nwrn zones at this time, continuing ewd with a further srn development through the evening in an area of good instability/adequate shear/steep lapse rates. Additional storms along the cold front will likely also begin impacting the nwrn zones later this evening. Will have to monitor as these storms cross the area through this evening to see if further watches will be needed downstream. 25 DISCUSSION... PREV DISCUSSION... /issued 325 PM CDT Tue Apr 3 2018/ DISCUSSION... Wx map shows cold front over N TX & SE OK this afternoon. Ahead of the front shows a tight pressure gradient with fairly brisk southerly winds this afternoon. Expecting winds to diminish by late this afternoon into early evening as the frontal trough approaches. Radar showing thunderstorms continuing over C and NE TX. Latest HRRR guidance continuing the timing and structure of the thunderstorms to enter our area of SE TX by 4-5 PM this afternoon with this initial batch of thunderstorms ahead of the front. Once this area moves east, another area of thunderstorms will likely develop along and just ahead of the cold front, which will spread southeast across our area by late this evening into the early morning hours. This next area of convection is expected to be a more organized line of strong to possibly severe thunderstorms developing along or just ahead of the cold front. SPC continuing slight risk of severe thunderstorms for entire area. With this, all modes of severe will be possible from a blend of QLCS features (LEWPs/bows), embedded supercells, and perhaps a few discrete to semi-discrete supercells ahead of the main line. The front should be moving through the region between midnight and daybreak, with light stratiform rain lingering a few hours behind the front as it continues south. Cooler and much drier air will follow along with clearing skies by late Wednesday morning across the area. This will set up for a fairly nice afternoon. Only concern with this will be the northerly winds around 15-20 mph with RH values around 30% could pose a enhanced fire danger, however, with the expected rainfall, the vegetation should be sufficiently damp. The coolest morning will be Thursday, with lows near 40 across C LA, to lower/mid 40s elsewhere. By the afternoon, the surface high will have moved east, with a southeast return flow already in place by late morning into the afternoon. Quick changing weather pattern continues this week with the next strong cold front bringing a significant shot of precipitation by late Friday into early Saturday. A bit early in the game for specifics in severe, but SPC has Day 4 area across NE TX outlooked in 15% hatching. This front will be followed by cooler air similar to Thursday. DML MARINE... Southerly flow ahead of a cold front will diminish a bit this evening, followed by strong offshore flow after midnight once the cold front moves south. The front is expected to bring numerous showers and strong thunderstorms this evening into the early morning hours. A small craft advisory is in effect for most of the day Wednesday. Northerly winds behind the frontal boundary will tapper off by Wednesday evening as surface high pressure ridge approaches from the north. && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... AEX 49 66 42 73 / 90 10 0 10 LCH 56 71 47 75 / 90 10 0 10 LFT 55 69 46 74 / 90 10 0 10 BPT 55 72 50 74 / 90 10 0 10 && .LCH WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... LA...None. TX...None. GM...Small Craft Advisory until 5 PM CDT Wednesday for GMZ450-452-455- 470-472-475. Small Craft Advisory for winds until 5 PM CDT Wednesday for GMZ430-432-435. && $$ PUBLIC...04
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Memphis TN
943 PM CDT Tue Apr 3 2018 .DISCUSSION... The front has just about moved through the area. The winds have diminished enough to allow the wind advisories to be cancelled. The temperatures have started to drop and will fall into the 30s in most places, however, the wind should keep away frost from forming. Updated forecast will be out soon. TLSJr && .PREV DISCUSSION... /issued 350 PM CDT Tue Apr 3 2018/ DISCUSSION... A deep surface low is centered over E IL this afternoon while a strong cold front extends through MO into NW AR. A broken line of thunderstorms has developed ahead of the front in MO and AR. The low will continue tracking northeastward while the cold front moves quickly through the forecast area late this afternoon and evening. A line of strong to severe thunderstorms will quickly progress across the Midsouth along and just ahead of the cold front late this afternoon and evening. Cannot rule out a semi discrete cell or two to form just ahead of the line, especially over NE AR late this afternoon. Damaging winds, large hail, and possible tornadoes are all potential threats with any of these storms. The best chance for tornadoes will be over NE AR and MO Bootheel. All activity should be east of the forecast area before midnight as the front pushes into middle TN and northern AL. High pressure will build into the region Wednesday supporting an unseasonably cold polar airmass advecting in from the NW. Frost will be likely Wednesday night with some areas experiencing a freeze. Another system will provide rain Friday possibly mixing with or changing to snow near the MO/KY border by Saturday morning as cold air advects into the area. There is another risk for frost or freezing temperatures Saturday night. More showers are possible by the end of the weekend. SWC && .AVIATION... 00Z TAFs TSRA had entered the MEM TRACON at discussion time and should exit a hour or two prior to the onset of the inbound push. Primary short term concern is winds associated with TSRA outflow. TMEM radar showed a 50 to 70 KT rear inflow jet over east central AR, 35 NM west of MEM at FL025. By 03Z, main concern is wake low formation over eastern AR. This type of feature often isn`t well modeled. The HRRR continued to depict a 3 MB pressure depression over north central AR at 03Z, but with little to no reflection in the wind field. VFR to prevail overnight and Wednesday, with winds becoming nearly calm for Wednesday evening`s MEM inbounds. PWB && .MEG WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... AR...None. MO...None. MS...None. TN...None. && $$
Area Forecast Discussion...UPDATED
National Weather Service Morristown TN
845 PM EDT Tue Apr 3 2018 .DISCUSSION... The evening update will be issued a little early as temperatures have not fallen as much as forecast, and PoPs will be tweaked to reflect the latest timing. Projecting the speed of the line of storms in Middle TN bring them into our western counties around 05Z, and the latest HRRR supports this. Storms are expected to have a weakening trend through the evening as surface-based instability decreases, but shear will remain high and the 00Z OHX sounding shows an elevated mixed layer and midlevel dry air that will support some threat of severe storms in our area, mainly damaging winds but also a marginal hail threat. The low observed dewpoints and high LCL heights are not supportive of a tornado threat. && .MRX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... NC...None. TN...None. VA...None. && $$ DGS
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Blacksburg VA
1018 PM EDT Tue Apr 3 2018 .SYNOPSIS... A strong cold front will move across the region with an opportunity for showers and thunderstorms tonight. High pressure builds in behind the front with very gusty winds and cooler temperatures for Wednesday into Thursday. && .NEAR TERM /THROUGH WEDNESDAY/... As of 1020 PM EDT Tuesday... Most significant update late this evening was to expand the wind advisory for Wednesday into Wednesday night north of Roanoke to include Alleghany Highlands and along the Blue Ridge to match with advisory issued by Sterling office, and also added Tazewell and Smyth counties mainly for higher elevations. Mixing during the day looks good and model forecast sounding support good momentum transfer at most locations along and west of Blue Ridge. Even if winds don`t quiet reach advisory thresholds everywhere, dead limbs and weak trees from the recent heavy snow are a concern and there may be isolated power outages due to these weakened or dead trees coming down. The entire advisory area is out through Wednesday night bu it is likely it will be cancelled early except for maybe the southern part of the Blue Ridge where lowering inversion and mountain wave activity could keep some stronger ridge gusts going much of the night. Otherwise, based on upstream radar evolutions and most recent high resolution model runs it looks like the broken line of showers and storms will not reach far western counties until 07-08Z (3 to 4 AM), and should be weakening rapidly as it arrives. Have continued to slow down time of arrival a bit more in forecast grids. HRRR suggests a fine line with narrow band of wind gusts that could reach up to 50 mph into parts of SE WV and maybe Tazewell VA by this time, but weakening quickly after that. Thus, one or two severe warnings are not out of the question, but most likely these will be sub-severe shallow lines of convection, with limited thunder by the time they arrive given very limited instability. No other changes to forecast at this time. Previous discussion as of 755 PM EDT Tuesday... Clearing taking place a little more quickly in the west than expected before clouds fill back in again just ahead of line of showers and probably still a few embedded thunderstorms along the cold front that will not be arriving in the far west until at least midnight if not closer to 2 or 3 AM. Recent HRRR runs have slowed down timing until about 3 AM and made some appropriate adjustments to PoP values for these trends but still have mention of thunder arriving very soon after midnight in far west. Temperatures may drop this evening under clearing skies but will then steady out as clouds and showers move back in, until finally dropping more quickly toward morning behind the cold front. Likely will make a few additional adjustments to timing with another update by 10 PM based on radar trends at that time. Prey discussion as of 300 PM EDT Tuesday... An upper level trough will move from the northern Plains states to the Great Lakes region overnight. Meanwhile, the associated surface low will track from the Great Lakes to Toronto. The cold front attached to this system will extend this evening from the Great Lakes to southern Texas. By morning, this front will have moved east to Pennsylvania stretching south into eastern Texas. The middle portion of the front (Ohio and Tennessee Valleys) will approach SE WV/SW VA after midnight. The cold front will come roaring through the region Wednesday morning, exiting the piedmont by the afternoon. A line of convection will accompany the front. Strong gusty winds and heavy rain is expected with this line, mainly across the mountains as it weakens tracking east. Behind the front, strong pressure rises will bring windy conditions to the area into Wednesday evening. For now, the plan is to handle the line of convection with a special weather statement (SPS) and warning on specific cells that exhibit severe threat. There are no plans on extending the wind advisory as threshold and confidence are low. Since this system is quick, most of the rainfall will result in runoff. Since creeks and streams are running very low due to some- what dry antecedence conditions over the past couple of day, there is a very low chance for any hydro issues. Rainfall amounts will range from three quarters of an inch along western slopes of SE WV/SW VA to a quarter of an inch in the piedmont. With the wedge removed from the area and increasing southwest flow ahead of the front, overnight temperatures will be close to normal day-time highs for this time of year. Of course, the speed of the passing front and subsequent cold air advection, temperatures will fall into the mid 40s to lower 50s across the mountains. High temperatures across the mountains may only warm a few degrees from overnight low as northwest winds ushers in very cold air. East of the Blue Ridge, overnight lows will remain mild and in the upper 50s to lower 60s. Temperatures should warm at least 10 degrees in the east with a delay of colder air and downsloping flow. && .SHORT TERM /WEDNESDAY NIGHT THROUGH FRIDAY NIGHT/... As of 300 PM EDT Tuesday... Winter like temperatures will be found across our region Wednesday night coupled with brisk northwest winds. 850mb temperatures of -5 to -10 deg C will set stage for a chilly start thursday with early morning lows ranging from the 20s mountains to the lower 30s Piedmont. Upslope potential appears limited, so not really expecting any significant snow shower activity across the mountains and this has been reflected in the minimal upslope flow pops. After a chilly, below freezing morning early Thursday, abundant sunshine and moderating temperatures aloft under the near zonal flow will allow temperatures to top out only about 5-10 degrees below normal in the 50s west to near 60 east, with 40s for the highest elevations. Another cold front will be approaching from the west late Friday and affect the CWA over the weekend as this feature stalls and becomes the focus for low pressure development. Southwesterly flow ahead of the front Friday should allow for warmer temperatures and perhaps even some showers in western areas by Friday night. && .LONG TERM /SATURDAY THROUGH TUESDAY/... As of 330 PM EDT Tuesday... Challenging forecast for the weekend as front stalls across the forecast area and becomes the focus for low pressure to develop along existing baroclinic zone and move east. Models have trended warmer and farther north with the cyclone development suggesting mainly rain across the southern half of the CWA and potential for a rain/snow mix across the higher elevations. If enough cold air can infiltrate, then all snow would be possible at these higher elevations, but given northward shift in storm track, this "all snow" scenario may be limited to areas along I-64 corridor. Until a better model consistency becomes established, confidence is low on p-type as 1 or 2 degrees in temperature can sway the outcome. Of greater certainty is likelihood that Saturday will be a wet day with QPF of about a half inch liquid equivalent. Models are relatively consistent on timing with bulk of the precip coming through during the day Saturday, followed by a dry Saturday night and Sunday. Yet another wave moves along the front Monday, clouds and precip returning for the first day of the work week. For now, will continue to advertise possibility of accumulating snow within the Hazardous Weather Outlook for Saturday. If it does materialize, at least it will be another weekend instead of a weekday event...which mitigates school closure concerns. And with modest warmup forecast Sunday, if there is any accumulation it should melt quickly under the now April sun angle. Temperatures through the extended portion of the forecast are expected to remain below normal, the outlook through mid month trending that way as well, the jet stream refusing to give up any ground resulting in a near persistent tap to cold air residing over Canada. && .AVIATION /02Z WEDNESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY/... As of 810 PM EDT Tuesday... VFR conditions at all TAF sites this evening as low clouds and warm front have lifted north of the area, and skies actually clearing well ahead of line of showers and storms along and ahead of frontal boundary still over the Midwest this evening. Showers and storms will be weakening as they move in from the west after midnight and expect will bring primarily several hours of MVFR conditions, but with brief IFR possible at KBLF and KLWB from roughly 04Z or 05Z to 08Z. This convection will also contain gusty winds as it rolls across the region between midnight and dawn, with gusts as high as 30 to 40 kts. Strong northwest winds will continue behind the front and increase during the daytime hours Wednesday with mixing. Showers will break up crossing the mountains early in the day and may reform a line near Danville by early afternoon before quickly heading east. Thunder is not likely at this time until the line moves well east of the area. VFR conditions should prevail for Wednesday afternoon through evening, and winds will begin to subside Wednesday evening as well, other than along ridges. Extended Aviation Discussion... After some gusty northwest winds Wednesday evening, high pressure should build over the Mid Atlantic by Thursday to provide good flying weather. Another cold front should push eastward on Friday to bring MVFR conditions and rain showers. Some of the rain may change over to snow in the mountains. && .RNK WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... VA...Wind Advisory from 11 AM Wednesday to 8 AM EDT Thursday for VAZ007-009>020-022>024-033>035. NC...Wind Advisory from 11 AM Wednesday to 8 AM EDT Thursday for NCZ001-002-018. WV...None. && $$ SYNOPSIS...RCS NEAR TERM...RCS/SK SHORT TERM...PM/RAB LONG TERM...PM AVIATION...MBS/NF/RCS/SK