Forecast Discussions mentioning any of "HRRR" "RAP" "RUC13" "RUC" "RR" received at GSD on 10/19/16


Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Albany NY
1054 PM EDT Tue Oct 18 2016 .SYNOPSIS... A cold front approaching from the Great Lakes will cross the area tonight into early Wednesday morning. Mainly isolated to scattered showers will accompany the front. High pressure will build in on Wednesday, with continued above normal temperatures. Low pressure is then expected to develop and track northeastward from the Ohio Valley region into the Northeast Thursday into Friday, bringing much needed rainfall to much of the area. && .NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 AM WEDNESDAY MORNING/... Two lines of showers have now nearly coalesced into one. HRRR and RAP continue to show a general weakening as line heads east. This theme plays out in the forecast with likely POPS now, tapering to slight chance overnight as line moves into central part of forecast area. RAP shows some elevated instability with Showalters near or just below zero. But activity remains fairly shallow. So, have eliminated any mention of thunder. 10pm temperatures are remarkably warm with Albany and Poughkeepsie still at 75. Even higher elevations still in the 70s with PSF at 71. These numbers were running a couple of degrees above trend. Even so, too early in the night to raise low temperatures. High temperature records were broken at our three climate sites this afternoon...Albany (84), Poughkeepsie (84) and Glens Falls (84). && .SHORT TERM /6 AM WEDNESDAY MORNING THROUGH FRIDAY/... High pressure will build into the region on Wednesday, providing dry conditions. After some early clouds, increasing sunshine is expected through the rest of the day. Temperatures will be cooler than Tuesday, but still well above normal for this time of year with no significant change in air mass behind the "cold" front. Temperatures should top out 10-15 degrees above normal with a light W-NW breeze. Dry conditions will persist Wednesday night, as high pressure gradually shifts eastward to Maine by sunrise Thursday. Temps will be cooler than recent nights, although still close to 10 degrees above normal with increasing clouds. Conditions should become more unsettled on Thursday, as an inverted trough associated with developing low pressure across the Ohio Valley moves into western/central NY. The main focus for low level convergence will be the surface trough, so based on its forecast position, areas mainly north and west of east central NY will experience steady/heavy rainfall. However, there should be enough forcing for at least some measurable rainfall for much of the area. Axis of steadier/heavier rain could set up across far NW portions of Herkimer/Hamilton counties, but there are some differences in forecast models regarding the exact position. It will be mostly cloudy and cooler with the clouds and showers around. A more widespread and steadier rainfall could move into more of the region Thursday night into Friday, as the low pressure system is forecast to track NE across Upstate NY. Again there are some slight model differences in the track, which would have an impact on what areas receive more rainfall. However, even if the low tracks slightly farther north, the upper level trough is expected to deepen upstream, with good moisture transport into our area courtesy of a strengthening 850 mb southerly jet. GEFS indicating both PWAT and wind anomalies approaching +2 to +3 std dev. by Friday, with the potential for a narrow cold frontal rainband possibly providing a period of downpours. We will have to see how this system evolves over the next few days, but there at least the potential for some decent rainfall. && .LONG TERM /FRIDAY NIGHT THROUGH TUESDAY/... The period will be marked by persistent troughing across the eastern U.S. This means some precipitation likely and temperatures trending cooler/colder. An upper level low cuts off near the forecast area Friday night and pulls north through the weekend. A surface low will be pulling north into eastern Canada by Saturday. Moist cool/cold cyclonic flow around the upper low and surface system will yield likely POPS across the area on Friday night, tapering to chance into the weekend. There is the chance for some snow or rain snow mix across the higher elevations of the Adirondacks Saturday night through Sunday night. Not expecting any significant accumulation. Some differences in the models appear Sunday night with the ECMWF scooting a clipper system across PA and NYC. While the CWA would be on the north side of this system, 925mb temps look too warm for any snow. The current forecast, from the SuperBlend, does not account for this system keeping POPS dry on Sunday night. While there are timing differences between the GFS and ECMWF on when the core of the coldest air resides over the CWA, it is clear that temperatures through the period will average 5-10 degrees below normal. Look for high temperatures to struggle to get out of the 30s across the Adirondacks Saturday-Tuesday. The latest forecast from the National Hurricane Center on the system east of the Bahamas calls for an 80 percent chance of development over the next 5 days. The NHC forecast has the system heading northeastward out to sea by the end of the week. && .AVIATION /03Z WEDNESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY/... Most likely terminals to experience showers tonight are KALB and KGFL. There have a prevailing MVFR flight category. At KPSF while can`t rule out a shower, not sufficiently convinced so will offer no more than VCSH. Shower activity at KPOU looks even less likely, so no restrictions there. With exception of POU, expect all terminals to see some IFR BF/FG overnight with high dewpoints, some showers, and some breaks developing in the clouds during the pre-dawn hours. VFR conditions should return quickly between 12Z-15Z/WED with clearing skies and strong subsidence with the frontal passage. Outlook... Wednesday Night: Low Operational Impact. NO SIG WX. Thursday: High Operational Impact. Likely SHRA...RA. Thursday Night: High Operational Impact. Likely RA. Friday: High Operational Impact. Likely RA. Friday Night: Moderate Operational Impact. Likely SHRA. Saturday: Moderate Operational Impact. Chance of SHRA. Saturday Night: Low Operational Impact. Slight Chance of SHRA. Sunday: No Operational Impact. NO SIG WX. && .FIRE WEATHER... After a day of record-breaking warmth across the region, a cold front approaching from the Great Lakes will cross the area tonight into early Wednesday morning. Mainly isolated to scattered showers will accompany the front. High pressure will build in on Wednesday, with continued above normal temperatures. Low pressure is then expected to develop and track northeastward from the Ohio Valley region into the Northeast Thursday into Friday, bringing much needed rainfall to much of the area. Relative humidity values will increase to around 90 to 100 percent tonight, then drop to minimum values of between 45 and 60 percent Wednesday afternoon. RH values will increase to around 90 to 100 percent Wednesday night. Winds tonight will be south-southwest around 10 to 20 mph with some higher gusts this evening. Winds will shift to the west-northwest on Wednesday around 5 to 10 mph. Winds will be light and variable Wednesday night. && .HYDROLOGY... A cold front moves southeast across the region tonight into early Wednesday, bringing mainly isolated to scattered showers. Overall, rainfall amounts through will be light, generally less than one tenth of an inch, but up to two tenths of an inch across portions of the western Adirondacks. Dry weather expected Wednesday into early Thursday morning, before a developing low pressure system tracks northeast from the Ohio Valley region, which should bring much needed soaking rainfall to at least parts of the region Thursday through Friday. Best chance for appreciable rainfall looks to be for areas north and west of the Capital District. The latest US Drought Monitor continues to show drought conditions have worsen across portion of the area. Precipitation departures this calendar year are 5 to 15 inches below normal, with the greatest departures across southeastern parts of the HSA. As a result, streamflow and ground water levels have been running well below normal. For details on specific area rivers and lakes, including observed and forecast river stages and lake elevations, please visit the Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service /AHPS/ graphs on our website. && .ALY WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... CT...None. NY...None. MA...None. VT...None. && $$ SYNOPSIS...JPV NEAR TERM...OKeefe/JPV SHORT TERM...JPV LONG TERM...OKeefe AVIATION...OKeefe FIRE WEATHER...JPV HYDROLOGY...11/JPV
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Bismarck ND
934 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016 .UPDATE... Issued at 931 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016 Showers have ended, though low cloud cover has pushed further into the area than previously thought as cooler airmass pushes in. HRRR has had the best grasp on the progression of this cloud cover, and it now looks like it has stopped pushing in over the west, though will continue to push a bit further south over the James River Valley. Have addressed this in latest forecast. UPDATE Issued at 629 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016 A few light showers continue to linger in weak cyclonic flow over south central North Dakota into the James River Valley, though these will continue to dissipate with the lack of daytime heating. Otherwise, quiet weather will prevail tonight with mostly cloudy skies north, lesser cloud cover far south. && .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Wednesday) Issued at 113 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016 A cold front continues to slowly slide southeast across North Dakota today. Occasional light rain may be possible along the front, but the majority of North Dakota will remain dry this afternoon and evening. Temperatures tonight will fall into the 30s with a light, but chilly northwest wind. A cool and mainly cloudy day can be expected tomorrow as cold air advection behind the front continues. .LONG TERM...(Wednesday night through Tuesday) Issued at 113 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016 Several weak upper level waves move through the region over the next several days. Models differ widely on whether or not to produce any precipitation from these waves. It appears by and large the majority of the area will remain dry, with some isolated rain here and there possible. An upper level ridge moves in by the weekend. This will keep the weather dry and warm. Temperatures will be above average with readings in the 60s. && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Wednesday evening) Issued at 629 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016 MVFR with localized IFR cigs are expected to prevail tonight over northern North Dakota in the wake of a slowly advancing cold front. Further south, mainly VFR conditions are expected. By mid- day Wednesday, most locations are expected to be VFR. && .BIS WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... NONE. && $$ UPDATE...JJS SHORT TERM...AJ LONG TERM...AJ AVIATION...JJS
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Denver/Boulder CO
917 PM MDT Tue Oct 18 2016 .UPDATE... Issued at 847 PM MDT Tue Oct 18 2016 A cold front appears to have moved through Greeley and Longmont and will make its way into Denver around 04z. Upper trough moving across srn WY/nrn CO overnight...mainly area of showers will be north of Denver over Larimer and Weld Counties... although a few sprinkles will be possible for a short time south towards Denver. The latest HRRR keeps the main area of showers to the north and moves it into Nebraska after 09z. Will keep some minimal snow accumulations in the mountains north of I-70 overnight. && .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Wednesday) Issued at 245 PM MDT Tue Oct 18 2016 Area radars are showing a few showers mostly over Larimer and northern Weld counties. Models have the upper trough push across the CWA by Wednesday morning....then strong northwesterly flow aloft in the afternoon. There is pretty decent upward QG Omega over the CWA overnight, with the best around 06Z. There will be pretty decent subsidence in the synoptic scale Wednesday afternoon. There is a surge of northerly flow for the plains by late evening. There are north-northwesterlies progged by 12Z Wednesday morning. North-northwesterlies are progged on Wednesday. For moisture, it is not great with the most over the mountains and foothills. The plains will have very little moisture in the lower levels. After 12Z Wednesday morning moisture decreases for all the CWA. The QPF fields have some measurable snow in the mountains over night, with very limited precipitation over the plains. For pops, there is decent synoptic scale energy overnight, but moisture is shallow. Will keep the "likely"s over the mountains and northern foothills, but will lower plains pops in most areas to 0-20%s. The exception being zone 38 where I will keep, "chance"s. For temperatures, Wednesday`s highs will be 3-5 C colder then this afternoon`s. .LONG TERM...(Wednesday night through Tuesday) Issued at 245 PM MDT Tue Oct 18 2016 Strong ridging over the western U.S. is going to bring a continuation of warm and dry weather across the northern half of the state. First off, clear skies and a dry airmass tomorrow night will produce optimal radiational cooling conditions that allow the temperatures to drop into the upper 20s and lower 30s across the plains. A frost advisory may be necessary for that time period, but it is a marginal situation at this point. Through the end of the week, temperatures will be gradually warming with high temperatures over the weekend in the upper 70s and lower 80s. The next weather maker to affect the northern half of Colorado will be next Monday night as the upper ridge is forecast to move eastward with increasing southwesterly flow aloft over the region. If this pattern comes to pass, the mountains will have the best chance at receiving precipitation. && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Wednesday evening) Issued at 847 PM MDT Tue Oct 18 2016 East/southeast winds will transition to north/northwesterly with the passage of the cold front which may be closer to 04z. Lighter northerly winds after 09z...with north/northwesterly winds on Wednesday. VFR conditions...could see a brief period of cigs 070-080 kft agl 04-07z. VCSH at best...likely with or shortly after the passage of the front. && .BOU WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... None. && $$ UPDATE...Cooper SHORT TERM...RJK LONG TERM...Dankers AVIATION...Cooper
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Billings MT
641 PM MDT Tue Oct 18 2016 .UPDATE... Quiet weather around the cwa early this evening. Water Vapor imagery shows shortwave approaching from the west, and there exists a band of showers approaching GTF-BTM-DLN. Forcing is still a few hours from reaching our west, so have trimmed back evening pops based on current radar/satellite trends. For Billings, the evening should stay dry, with best chance of pcpn between 09-15z, and feel that we will see some light showers w/ passage of mid level front, especially as low level downslope winds are not strong. For the mountains, expect a few inches of snow as the wave passes, with plenty of instability helping the cause (700-500mb lapse rates in excess of 7C/KM). Further east, a weak backdoor front will allow for a shift to light NE winds. This is something to watch as there is a large area of lower cigs associated with the cooler airmass just to our northeast. Some lower clouds could advect into MLS-BHK-Ekalaka late tonight. It is also possible that fog forms where stratus does not, given dew points in the mid to upper 30s. Latest HRRR runs have been suggestive of fog in our NE late tonight. Have raised sky cover and added mention of patchy fog to these areas after 09z. JKL && .SHORT TERM...valid for Wed and Thu... The Pacific jet stream to our south is beginning to amplify as ridging slowly builds up the Western US coast. As this trof pushes southeast, showers will overspread the region from west to east beginning tonight as jet-aided divergence crosses the forecast area overhead. While most locations will see scattered rain showers, a rain/snow mix possible in the hills above 4000ft and north and west of Billings overnight. The high elevations above 6000ft in the Beartooths and Big Horns will see 4-6 inches of snow through the morning with western facing slopes being the largest recipients of snow. Cloudy conditions will persist through the early afternoon before slowing clearing up from the west as the ridge begins to take hold over the area on Wednesday. A few snow showers could persist in the mountains until 6 pm but conditions should quickly improve through the remainder of Wednesday night. Winds will turn southwesterly over the forecast area on Thursday morning and this will cue a warm up across the region. Weak downslope conditions will move in and this will help temperatures climb to around 60 across the forecast area. Lee-side troughing along the Rocky-Mountain front will strengthen the pressure gradient across Livingston which will bring an increase in the winds through the afternoon. Held off on a wind advisory for now but highlighted these wind concerns in the hazardous weather outlook. Wind gusts up to 50 or 60 mph are possible late Thursday afternoon. Currently it looks like these winds will begin to decrease through Friday morning as the pressure gradient across our western zones weakens. Dobbs .LONG TERM...valid for Fri...Sat...Sun...Mon...Tue... Upper-level ridging should dominate on Friday with dry and warm weather. Gap winds near Livingston should decrease during the day as the surface pressure gradient continues to relax. Models bring a disturbance over central and northern MT on Friday night. This disturbance could generate a few showers mainly west and north of Billings. Ridging should dominate again Saturday and Sunday. Ridge axis looks to move east of the area early Monday, placing our area under southwesterly flow aloft. Disturbances propagating in the southwest flow can produce showers mainly over the mountains on Monday and then extend to areas east of Billings on Tuesday. 700 mb flow looks southwesterly, which typically results in a local drying effect near Billings due to downsloping. Temperatures should be above normal Friday-Tuesday. RMS/BT && .AVIATION... VFR will prevail over the area tonight. Some showers are beginning to develop western portions of the forecast area...but stronger activity is expected to move in from the west yet this evening, affecting KLVM by midnight. Showers will shift slowly eastward overnight...reaching KBIL by early Wednesday morning. This activity will produce localized MVFR conditions over the lower elevations at times...with associated mountain obscurations becoming common overnight. Patchy fog is also a concern in eastern routes...including KMLS and KBHK...in the early morning hours Wednesday. AAG && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMP/POPS... Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun Mon Tue ----------------------------------------------------------- BIL 040/054 034/060 043/067 045/063 042/065 043/064 044/063 43/W 00/B 10/B 10/B 11/B 11/B 11/B LVM 034/048 032/058 042/064 042/061 039/065 041/063 042/061 62/W 00/N 11/N 21/B 11/N 12/W 22/W HDN 037/055 032/062 039/069 043/064 040/066 041/066 042/065 35/W 10/B 00/B 10/B 11/B 01/B 11/B MLS 036/052 034/061 041/066 044/062 040/064 040/064 042/064 12/W 10/U 10/B 11/B 11/U 01/B 12/W 4BQ 035/050 032/062 039/068 042/065 040/068 041/069 043/068 14/W 10/U 00/B 00/B 11/U 01/B 12/W BHK 032/049 031/059 037/064 041/061 037/063 038/063 040/063 03/W 10/U 00/B 11/B 11/U 01/B 12/W SHR 033/050 027/060 037/067 040/065 037/068 039/067 039/065 35/W 10/B 10/B 00/U 11/B 01/B 11/B && .BYZ WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... MT...None. WY...None. && $$ weather.gov/billings
Area Forecast Discussion...UPDATED
National Weather Service Columbia SC
1007 PM EDT Tue Oct 18 2016 .SYNOPSIS... An upper-level ridge across the area will weaken allowing an upper-level trough to cross the region Friday through Saturday. Surface high pressure will be in control of the region through Wednesday night. A cold front with will move across the area Thursday night and Friday morning. Cooler and drier air will move in behind the front for the weekend. && .NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 AM WEDNESDAY MORNING/... Surface and upper level ridging will continue over the region tonight. Latest infrared satellite imagery showing clear skies across the forecast area. Atmospheric moisture is limited and shallow but patchy fog may develop with strong radiational cooling overnight. However a 15 to 20 knot low level jet may keep the boundary layer mixed at times and may lead to patchy stratus. HRRR indicating some possible stratus clouds may develop but confidence is low. Lows will be in the upper 50s to lower 60s. && .SHORT TERM /6 AM WEDNESDAY MORNING THROUGH THURSDAY/... Dry weather along with well above normal temperatures are forecast to continue Wednesday and Thursday. An upper-level ridge entrenched over the Deep South and Southeastern states will begin to weaken Thursday as a deep trough digs into the Mississippi Valley. Surface high pressure will also weaken Thursday as a cold front approaches from the west. With strong insolation and subsidence...model consensus indicated maximum temperatures above normal in the mid to upper 80s. Despite strong radiational cooling at night overnight temperatures above normal in the mid 50s to lower 60s. && .LONG TERM /THURSDAY NIGHT THROUGH TUESDAY/... Models are in good agreement with approaching upper level trough crossing the region Thursday night into Friday night. This progressive trough is forecast to amplify and become negatively tilted Friday. Models are consistent with subtropical low moving well offshore to the northeast as the upper trough approaches. A cold front should move through the region early Friday with cold advection developing during the day. Moisture appears limited along the front and mos pop consensus continues to decrease. Have indicated only a slight chance for showers late Thursday night into Friday associated with frontal passage and upper trough. The front may come through dry. Saturday appears dry across the region with downslope flow. Dry and much cooler...more seasonable weather is forecast behind the front through early next week as surface high pressure returns to the region. && .AVIATION /02Z WEDNESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY/... The main forecast issue is the fog threat during the early morning hours. Low-level moisture has increased slightly and with nocturnal cooling stratus and fog may developing during the early morning hours. However, the moisture will remain shallow and a low-level jet as indicated by model time-height displays should result in some continued mixing. There was consistency in the MAV and MET MOS with a period of IFR fog at the river valley terminals of AGS and OGB. We followed this guidance. The MAV and MET MOS and crossover temperatures suggested a period of MVFR or IFR fog elsewhere, but based on the low-level jet and HRRR we maintained a VFR forecast but confidence is not high because of the mixed signals in the guidance. Heating and mixing should dissipate fog beginning around 13z. The pressure gradient will remain weak. Followed the MAV and MET MOS for the wind forecast with west wind less than 10 knots. EXTENDED AVIATION OUTLOOK...MVFR or IFR stratus and fog possible each morning through Thursday. Restrictions possible in scattered showers Friday. && .CAE WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... GA...None. SC...None. && $$
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Grand Forks ND
955 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016 .UPDATE... Issued at 955 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016 Coordinated with DLH and BIS to up sky cover thru the overnight into Wednesday midday for most of the area. Solid cloud mass moving southeast in cold advection and looks like they will be thicker and hang around longer than average RH model blends would indicate. && .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Wednesday) Issued at 248 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016 How to handle spotty showers tonight will be the main issue for the period. Upper flow is nearly zonal, with several weak shortwaves moving through. One shortwave was seen on water vapor loop right along the ND/SD/MN border area, while there is another one evident further west in central ND. Light showers have continued to develop and then fizzle out as they move east today, but there is now an upward trend in Barnes/Cass counties. The RAP and HRRR develop more shower activity further to the north in the next few hours as the shortwave over central ND approaches. Will expand the POPs mention for this evening, but most of the showers should be done before midnight as the shortwave exits off to the east. Tomorrow will be quiet with a weak surface high over the region. As for temperatures, a surge of cold air will begin to move in from the north overnight, with 925mb temps dropping back below zero. The northwestern counties will see the brunt of the cold air advection but also will have some clouds for much of night, so kept lows near the 30 mark. The southern counties should be a bit higher in the upper 30s with less clouds but with some mixing winds and a warmer start. The cool air mass will continue through Wednesday with highs ranging from the low 40s north to low 50s south. .LONG TERM...(Wednesday night through Tuesday) Issued at 248 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016 Thursday through Friday...This time frame should be mainly dry with a cool Thu followed by a milder Fri as mid level ridging builds this way. A low POP for some mixed pcpn is included vicinity of LOW for Thu morning as trough axis swings through that area near time of min temps. Both the GFS and ECMWF agree on timing and placement of this feature. The next hint of any more precip would occur by Fri afternoon owing to weak WAA over mainly northwest CWA. Saturday through Tuesday...Still not a whole lot of activity as we head through the weekend and into early next week. ECMWF brings a reasonably robust short wave over northern forecast area later Saturday into early Sunday; GFS solution is more of a slight flattening of the ridge with much less QPF. Above freezing min temps and a mild Sunday would make this an all liquid affair. The ridging still seems to want to hang around into early next week keeping temps on the mild side of normal, with a more southwesterly flow leading to a possible showery period at the end of our time frame. && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Wednesday evening) Issued at 648 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016 Extensive MVFR cigs in cold advection Devils Lake basin and northward. Unsure how these clouds will behave as they drop southeast. Model RH progs indicate increasing moisture in the 925-850 mb layer tonight into Wed morning...whereas most short range model cloud cover progs indicate deck will not fully drop southeast. Played it a bit cloudier but for the time being kept cigs in VFR range all but DVL tonight. Uncertainity with this does exist. && .FGF WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... ND...None. MN...None. && $$ UPDATE...Riddle SHORT TERM...JR LONG TERM...WJB AVIATION...Riddle
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Houston/Galveston TX
823 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016 .DISCUSSION... The combination of onshore winds and an increasingly moist airmass has led to the formation of isolated showers off of the coast early this evening. Model sounding forecasts show the best potential off of the coast this evening and into the coastal counties after midnight. The Texas Tech WRF and the RAP13 both agree with this scenario while the HRRR has the rainfall potential increasing over the coastal counties toward sunrise. Revised the rain chances for this evening and overnight tonight. 40 && .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 622 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016/ AVIATION... Generally VFR conds expected for this evening but clouds are expected to begin to develop after 06z over the NW-N TAF sites. A surge of slightly deeper moisture. Could see some showers begin to develop near KGLS and KLBX prior to sunrise as a narrow convergent zone develops near the coast. Think potential for showers will exist on Wed aftn as PW values increase to 1.60 inches. Both the RAP and the TT WRF show scattered showers across much of SE TX. Will be watching short term model trends and might be adding a VCSH with the 03z update. 43 PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 343 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016/ DISCUSSION... Another day of unseasonably warm weather expected tomorrow before the arrival of the cold front on Thursday. We have already tied a record this afternoon (GLS) and are close to another (CLL). As it stands...records most likely to be reached/exceeded tomorrow will be HOU/GLS. (see below) No significant changes with the overall forecast as models remain in fairly good agreement with the upcoming pattern shift. Weaken- ing/eastward shifting upper ridge will allow for the passage of a deep longwave trof Weds/Thur. This will then help to drag a long- awaited cold front into/across the state Thur. The NNW flow aloft in the wake of the front is then progged to segue into broad upp- er level ridging by the weekend. Will have to keep an eye on this pattern as the new week starts as there are hints (via ECMWF) the ridge will be short-lived with the development/passage of a fair- ly well-defined shortwave moving in from the CA Baja region. Will this herald a more active pattern for next week? Long-range progs from GFS (of a strong upper low/trof deepening just off the sout- hern CA coast and its subsequent SW flow aloft here) seem to con- trast sharply with the ECMWF extended patterns (of strong ridging over the state). Hmmm. Upcoming runs should be interesting. 41 High Temperature Records TODAY 10/18 WEDS 10/19 CLL 92-2004 97-1921 IAH 96-1895 94-2004 HOU 94-1947 90-2004 GLS 87-2007 86-2004 MARINE... Tides are still running about a foot above normal. Will probably see water come up to or slightly over the Highway 87 @ Highway 124 intersection between 5-10pm this evening and again Wed (around times of the the more significant high tides). Doesn`t appear any other locations should see any substantial issues. Southerly to southeasterly flow of around 10-15kt is forecast to persist for the next couple of days. A cold front will push off the coast on Thursday, with northeasterly winds increasing to around 20-25kts and seas reaching 6 to 8 feet in the offshore waters overnight Thursday night. Winds will gradually shift onshore and weaken as seas slowly subside throughout the weekend. 11 && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... College Station (CLL) 73 92 70 79 55 / 10 20 30 40 10 Houston (IAH) 71 91 71 85 57 / 10 20 30 40 10 Galveston (GLS) 78 87 77 83 65 / 20 30 30 50 10 && .HGX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... TX...NONE. GM...NONE. && $$ Discussion...40 Aviation/Marine...43
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Lincoln IL
905 PM CDT TUE OCT 18 2016 .UPDATE... Issued at 902 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016 The cold front will continue to make steady progress to the southeast overnight, with a few light rain showers possible along and ahead of the front. Have continued with slight chances of rain for our southeast counties, mainly SE of I-70 as the front approaches Effingham to Terre Haute at 9pm. Mainly clear skies and light northwest winds behind the front has allowed Galesburg to drop to 56 already this evening. Have adjusted low temps downward a couple degrees for areas NW of the IL river, with less adjustments in low temps from I-55 and east. The front is slowing down in its forward progression, which matches with the HRRR and RAP guidance that shows the front stalling out along the southern Indiana state border. That will leave the front close enough that the next shortwave to ride NE along the front will bring increasing chances of showers in our forecast area during the day tomorrow, especially tomorrow afternoon. That is handled well in the current forecast grids. Updates for the evening with done to low temps, dewpoints, weather/PoPs, and sky conditions. The latest info is already available. && .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Wednesday) ISSUED AT 255 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016 A cold front will continue to drift south over the forecast area this evening, with a band of lower clouds just ahead of it...and a slight chance for rain and thunder in the southeast this evening. Cooler air filtering in behind the boundary will result in overnight lows in the 50s north of the I-70 corridor...low 60s south. This same boundary stalls in the region, near the Ohio River valley/southern borders of the state later tonight. Small waves rippling through the region bring a chance for showers along and behind the boundary through the southern half of the state for Wednesday. Models differing somewhat with the northern extent of the showers through tomorrow afternoon before the bulk of the wave/precip develops for the evening hours. .LONG TERM...(Wednesday night through Tuesday) ISSUED AT 255 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016 The cold front moving through central Illinois early this afternoon is expected to slow down as it becomes parallel to the upper level flow near the Ohio River Valley later tonight. A shortwave, seen on water vapor imagery approaching the Rockies, is expected to approach just west of the MS River Valley Wednesday evening. This will be provide upper level support for showers and t-storms in parts of central and southern Illinois - mainly south of a Springfield to Danville line. Many of the models continue to show mainly elevated storms north of the surface boundary, however south of I-70 CAPEs are higher and wind shear sufficient for a few storms to become strong or even severe with hail and wind gusts during the evening. The GFS and European are similar with the timing and intensity of the deepening upper level trough as the western shortwave moves east of the MS River Valley Thursday. The NAM and Canadian are a bit slower and are holding on to the rain longer into Thursday afternoon- early evening. Prefer the quicker GFS/European blend and will only hold on to lingering showers near the Indiana border Thursday afternoon. High pressure and a northwest upper level flow will allow temperatures to drop toward more seasonable levels for Friday and through the weekend. Will hold off on mentioning patchy frost for Friday morning north of I-74 with temperatures in the upper 30s and northwest winds around 5-10 mph. After several days of dry weather through the weekend and into early next week, the next shot at showers may be next Tuesday. The GFS has warm front draped across parts of central IL. However, there is fairly low confidence with this solution since the GFS Ensembles are all over the place, and the inconsistent European is showing dry weather. Thus, will only introduce a chance of showers near the potential frontal boundary location around the Peoria area and to the northwest. && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Wednesday evening) Issued at 647 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016 The cold front has pushed south of all the terminal sites, and NW winds have developed in its wake. Gusts have not been showing up in the OBS so far behind the front, and expect that trend to continue the rest of the night. High pressure building into Illinois over the next 24 hours will set the stage for wind directions to gradually shift from NW to N and then NE by sunrise. Winds should remain NE through the day tomorrow, with speeds generally remaining less than 10kt. The frontal boundary will stall out in the Ohio River Valley, but a weak shortwave lifting NE along the front will bring chances of showers into SE IL. DEC and CMI may see a stray shower nearby later in the afternoon, and thunder could also develop, but we just added a VCSH late in the TAF period for now. VFR conditions will prevail for the majority of the next 24 hours, barring any storms at a terminal site. && .ILX Watches/Warnings/Advisories... NONE. && $$ UPDATE...Shimon SHORT TERM...HJS LONG TERM...Miller AVIATION...Shimon
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Chicago/Romeoville, IL
657 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016 .SHORT TERM... 140 PM CDT Through Wednesday... A cold front continues to push across the region this afternoon, and stretches from roughly Gary through Pontiac at 18Z. Out ahead of the front, temperatures in the upper 70s with dewpoints in the mid 60s will contribute to close to 1000 J/kg MLCAPE by mid afternoon, so cannot rule out a shower or isolated thunderstorm developing but better chances will be off to our east where there is very modest upper support associated a sheared shortwave pushing across the Great Lakes. Behind the front, winds are turning northwest and easing while skies are clearing out. Latest runs of the RAP and HRRR continue to suggest a lake breeze will form and push inland across NW Indiana and a little into Cook County mid to late this afternoon which will hasten temperatures dropping back through the 60s for those areas. Otherwise, expect quiet weather this evening and overnight as high pressure builds towards the mid/upper Mississippi Valley. High pressure will continue to dominate most of the day Wednesday providing light northeast flow and primarily dry conditions. Despite the cold frontal passage, we will continue to experience above normal temperatures Wednesday with mid to upper 60s north of I-80 and low 70s along and south of I-80. An upper level disturbance currently digging across the Inter-mountain West is progged to lift across the central plains Wednesday. Weak mid level height falls will begin to overspread the local area by mid to late in the afternoon with increasing mid and high clouds. Models do generate some QPF up through roughly the I-80 corridor by 00Z tomorrow evening, though soundings show dry air persisting below 700mb. Could be some high-based light showers or sprinkles moving up from the south into the local CWA, but better chances for showers will be closer to the baroclinic zone stretching from downstate Illinois into southern/central Indiana. Deubelbeiss && .LONG TERM... 210 PM CDT Wednesday night through Monday... A transition back to more seasonal weather is on tap for the extended period. NAM/GFS both depict fairly strong frontogenesis with the cold front Wednesday night in the clash between our anomalously warm airmass of late and the colder continental air arriving from the northwest. This will be coupled with strengthening low pressure from the left rear quadrant of an upper level jet stream and should result in an increasing precipitation shield across the region Wednesday night. At this point the better co-location of forcing and moisture will remain draped south and east of our area, but there should be enough for some bands of lighter to even moderate rain across the I-55 corridor southeastward and possibly even extending farther into northeast IL. This forcing continues through the day Thursday with the jet in the region, an approaching pacific shortwave trough axis and a strengthening surface low continuing the deformation precipitation across much of Indiana with some lower chances across Northwest Indiana. Expect more clouds than sun. While colder air slowly bleeds in during the day Thursday, a secondary surge of colder air will be shoved southeastward by a portion of the Canadian upper trough will reinforce the changing airmass. Models depict this will be a largely dry frontal passage, but do portray some lake effect rain showers across northwest Indiana. The convergence signal is somewhat weak and progressive and moisture is but the thermodynamic signal is robust to suggest there will be some lake effect showers with fairly high confidence, but lowered confidence on how widespread and how long lasting. Areas away from the lake will have sunshine but cool conditions and area wide highs in the 50s, some low 50s north. High pressure returns Friday night and Saturday which look dry, in spite of the EC painting some light precip along an elevated warm frontal boundary as the high approaches. An upper wave will pass by to our north on Sunday which will initially lead to slightly warmer conditions, though there are better indications of a backdoor cold front sometime later Sunday into Monday. The front holds off till after sunset on the GFS, midday/afternoon on the EC/GFS. This will setup a frontal zone across the local area which may serve as a focus for increased precipitation chances Tuesday or into the middle of next week. KMD && .AVIATION... For the 00Z TAFs... Concerns with the aviation forecast are east-northeast winds on Wednesday afternoon possibly reaching 8-10 kt, at least occasionally, and the chance for light rain Wednesday evening. A cool front that went through earlier had brought northwest winds, but fairly weak. These will become light and variable within the next hour and persist through Wednesday morning. In the afternoon, a lake breeze or at least winds off the lake are likely. Confidence on speed not exceeding 7 kt is medium. Mid- level cloud cover will thicken late in the day into the evening. A dry low-level may prevent any light rain from reaching the surface and have leaned that way in the ORD TAF right now. MTF && .MARINE... 210 PM CDT Today`s cold front has cleared the lake as low pressure across northern Quebec exits the region. High pressure across the Canadian Rockies will creep southeastward into the upper Midwest and plains region over the next few days. Meanwhile, and area of low pressure currently stretched across the Ohio valley and into the southern Plains will lift northeast toward the latter half of the week. In between these two systems a cold front will pass south across the lake Wednesday night with a tightening pressure gradient resulting in gusty north winds Thursday. With the persistent north winds behind the front, expect waves to build on the south end of Lake Michigan and result in dangerous conditions for small craft Thursday into Friday. The high will weaken some Friday as the low continues to strengthen across the northeastern United States Friday. The high pressure ridge will move east of Lake Michigan Sunday and will result in a shift to southerly winds briefly before a backdoor cold front results in a shift back to northeast winds. KMD && .LOT WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... IL...NONE. IN...NONE. LM...NONE. && $$ VISIT US AT HTTP://WEATHER.GOV/CHICAGO (ALL LOWERCASE) FOLLOW US ON FACEBOOK...TWITTER...AND YOUTUBE AT: WWW.FACEBOOK.COM/NWSCHICAGO WWW.TWITTER.COM/NWSCHICAGO WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/NWSCHICAGO
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Mobile AL
735 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016 .DISCUSSION...Updated for latest aviation discussion below. && .AVIATION... 19/00Z issuance...VFR conditions will generally prevail through the period. Ocassional thin high clouds will continue...with scattered to occasionally broken cumulus tomorrow. Tonight some areas of ifr to even lifr fog possible between 10z-14z...especially over eastern sections of the forecast area. Light south to southeast surface winds expected through tomorrow. 12/DS && .PREV DISCUSSION... /issued 352 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016/ NEAR TERM /Now Through Wednesday/...An upper level ridge of high pressure remains the dominant feature across much of the Gulf Coast region this afternoon, while a surface ridge of high pressure continues to extend from the Western Atlantic through the Southeastern U.S. Large scale subsidence and deep layer dry air is generally keeping the region rain-free this afternoon, with the exception of a couple of very isolated small and brief showers near the immediate coast. Visible satellite imagery otherwise shows a decent cumulus field across the region this afternoon and surface observations continue to indicate above normal temperatures with readings in the mid 80s near the coast and in the upper 80s to around 90 inland. The upper level ridge of high pressure will continue to build eastward over the Central Gulf Coast region tonight and eventually over the Southeastern U.S. Wednesday. Though a very isolated shower cannot be entirely ruled out mainly over far western portions of the forecast area late tonight and Wednesday, deep layer subsidence and low precipitable water values will preclude mentionable rain chances in the forecast through Wednesday. Forecast soundings indicate a very shallow moist airmass in place across much of our area tonight, which will be a favorable setup for fog formation late. High resolution and probabilistic data, including the HRRR, RAP and SREF all indicate the potential for patchy to areas of fog to develop late tonight and early Wednesday morning, particularly over interior portions of the region. Fog could at least become locally dense, and later shifts will need to monitor trends for a potential Dense Fog Advisory. We added fog mention to the weather grids for a few hours late tonight into early Wednesday morning. Otherwise, an unseasonably warm and humid airmass will remain in place across our region through Wednesday. Lows tonight are forecast to range from the lower to mid 60s inland, and in the upper 60s to around 70 near the immediate coast and beaches. Highs Wednesday will once again range from the mid 80s near the beaches to the upper 80s to around 90 inland. /21 SHORT TERM /Wednesday night Through Friday night/...Wednesday through Thursday night, shortwave energy just east of the US Rockies digs south over the Plains, then swings east, pushing a weakening front across the fa Thursday night. At this point, guidance is advertising the wind shift portion of the front staring across the fa around 00z Fri and just southeast of the marine portion of the fa by around 09z. Any chance for severe weather will be very low, with instability being lost as the fa heads into the night time hours. Enough instability may be present in the early to mid afternoon (1000-1500j/kg) for a strong to severe storm, mainly along and west of the Alabama/Mississippi state line with a bit better low level southerly flow. Wind shear will be generally on the weak side, though, with 0-3km helicities at 20 m^2/s^2 or less during the late afternoon close to the front. Also, any decent upper support remains well north of the fa, over central and northern Alabama. All in all, am not going to raise the severe weather with this fropa, just a keep an eye on the weather over Mississippi. For the numbers for Wednesday through Thursday night, with the continued southerly flow and an upper high slowly slowly shifting east over the Southeast, temps well above seasonal, ranging from mid 60s inland to around 70 along the coast. Do not see shra lasting much into the evening hours, if at all. With moisture levels on the high side, overnight fog development is again likely, with a few localities dipping into the dense category closer to sunrise. Temps Friday remain well above seasonal levels as the upper high brings enough subsidence when combined with the southerly flow to being temps well above seasonal. Highs in the low to mid 80s expected with a chance of shra/tsra. Thursday night, as the front crosses the fa, temps drop closer to seasonal levels as the front and its rain moves southeast of the fa and skies clear. Friday through Friday night, cooler air overspreads the fa, bringing temps around to a bit below seasonal to the area. /16 LONG TERM /Saturday Through Tuesday/...As the Thursday/Thursday night weather making upper trough moves off the Eastern Seaboard through the weekend, An upper ridge builds east over the Gulf of Mexico and associated coastal areas. A ridge shifts east over the Plains, pushing a surface high that settles over the Southeast behind the front eastward a bit, but the moisture returning onshore flow remains well west of the fa. Subsidence from the upper level high pressure building/shifting over the fa will bring temps rising back to well above seasonal levels, mainly during the day, but with a dry airmass remaining over the fa, overnight lows around to a bit below seasonal remain. /16 MARINE...Surface high pressure will continue to ridge across the Western Atlantic and Southeast States through Wednesday night, before weakening Thursday in advance of an approaching cold front. The front is forecast to push across the marine area late Thursday evening into Thursday night, and will be followed by building high pressure into the Northern Gulf and Southeast States through the weekend. A generally light to occasionally moderate southerly to southeasterly flow this evening will gradually become southeasterly to easterly by Wednesday. A moderate to strong offshore flow will spread across the marine area Thursday night into Friday following frontal passage. Wind speeds may reach advisory criteria Thursday night, potentially lasting into Friday night over the offshore waters, and possibly some of the bays and sounds. Winds should veer northeasterly to easterly and slacken late Saturday night into Sunday as high pressure shifts east and the gradient weakens. /21 && .MOB WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... AL...None. FL...None. MS...None. GM...None. && $$ This product is also available on the web at: http://weather.gov/mob
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Twin Cities/Chanhassen MN
1051 PM CDT TUE OCT 18 2016 .UPDATE... Issued at 1050 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016 Updated to include 06z aviation discussion below. && .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Wednesday) Issued at 341 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016 Most exciting thing happening during the short term is a weak cold front currently up across central NODAK into northern MN will work across the area tonight, exiting off to our southeast Wednesday morning. Atmosphere is pretty dry in the wake of Mondays front (which is now stretching from around St. Louis up into western Quebec), so rainfall and even cloud cover will be lacking with this front. However, a pocket of weak instability has developed ahead of the front over central ND, with a few showers noted on regional radar between Bismark and Fargo. RAP MUCAPE forecast shows this pocket of instability weakening considerably as it works toward MN, which means those showers in ND will be quickly running out of steam as they cross into MN. As a result, have kept the forecast dry, though a stray sprinkle or two can not be ruled out up by Alexandria between 6pm and 10pm. The passage of the cold front tonight will continue to chip away at temperatures/dewpoints, with h85 temps dropping from around +6C today to around +2C tomorrow. This will result in highs about 5 degrees colder than what we are seeing this afternoon. Did not stray to far from SuperBlend temperatures tonight, with highs tomorrow lowered slightly from SuperBlend values, closer to what you get when mixing down from 900mb. .LONG TERM...(Wednesday night through Tuesday) Issued at 341 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016 The Wednesday night through Tuesday forecast remains on track. Dry weather is expected for nearly the entire period. Temperatures on Thursday will be in the mid 40s to near 50, which is around 5 degrees below the seasonal average for mid-October. Temperatures on Friday will rebound slightly, with above normal temperatures expected Saturday through Tuesday. Precipitation chances are near zero the entire period. A weak wave will bring showers over the Missouri River Valley Wednesday night, but these should stay south and west of the forecast period so removed pops during this time frame. On Friday warm air advection will bring a band of light rain across northern MN, but not anticipating much if any rainfall in the Twin Cities forecast area. Continued with a 15 to 20 percent chance, but nothing more. Finally, the 18.12Z ECMWF has changed considerably from its 00Z counterpart. It is much more amplified and slower with the precip at the end of the period keeping Tuesday dry. The GFS is trending this way as well. For now have a 30 to 50 percent chance of rain. && .AVIATION...(For the 06Z TAFS through 06Z Wednesday night) Issued at 1050 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016 Solid VFR conditions expected through the next 24-30 hours with only mid-to-high level SCT clouds expected from time to time. A cold frontal passage is expected overnight through daybreak Wednesday morning, resulting in winds going from light/variable overnight to NW 5-10 kt on Wednesday. KMSP...No significant weather impacts expected. Timing of frontal passage looks to be in the 10z-14z timeframe Wednesday morning. /OUTLOOK FOR KMSP/ Thu...VFR. Wind NW 5-10 kts. Fri...VFR. Wind SE 5 kts. Sat...VFR. Wind S 5 kts. && .MPX Watches/Warnings/Advisories... WI...None. MN...None. && $$ UPDATE...JPC SHORT TERM...MPG LONG TERM...JRB AVIATION...JPC
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Marquette MI
807 PM EDT Tue Oct 18 2016 .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Wednesday) Issued at 349 PM EDT TUE OCT 18 2016 Water vapor imagery and RAP analysis show wsw flow extending from the Great Basin to western Quebec. Pair of strong shortwaves that brought the shra/tsra and heavy rainfall to parts of Upper Michigan last night are over Quebec, powered ene by 120kt upper jet. Shallow moisture behind these systems and the low sun angle at this time of year allowed low clouds to persist over much of the area this morning. Even this aftn, it`s been a slow process clearing the clouds with only the sw portion of the area now seeing mostly sunny skies. A few -shra have even developed recently in Delta and sw Schoolcraft counties where some sunshine has resulted in a little instability. During the short term, broad shortwave trof moving across the western CONUS will begin to sharpen up as it moves out over the western Plains on Wed. Meanwhile, a separate trof over Manitoba will shift over northern Ontario on Wed as well. As these changes occur at the mid levels, very gradual caa will drop 850mb temps that are currently 6-7C down to around 0C over the Keweenaw to 4C over the se fcst area by 00z Thu. With western Lake Superior water temps roughly down to around 10c, lake effect pcpn won`t be a concern during the short term. Couple of weak shortwaves and an associated sfc trof may generate a few -shra or sprinkles. Given the overall weak forcing and lack of deep moisture will leave pcpn out of the fcst. However, there are some -shra in ND this aftn, so it`s certainly not out of the question that there could be some -shra/sprinkles late tonight and Wed. Temps on Wed will still be above normal over the e half of the fcst area with highs in the upper 50s/lwr 60s. Over the far w, highs will be around 50F into the lwr 50s. .LONG TERM...(Wednesday night through Tuesday) Issued at 343 PM EDT TUE OCT 18 2016 Upper trough is forecast to deepen late this week from the middle conus to the Great Lakes. Conditions will turn cooler across Upper Michigan with daytime temperatures falling a little below normal in the 40s Thu-Sat. Normal highs are upper 40s to lower 50s. Temps at about 5kft or h85 should be around -4c to -6c. Those h85 temps with Lk Superior water temps 8-13c will result in delta t/s 12-19c which is sufficient for some lake effect precipitation. Best chance for precip will be Thu night into Fri morning as deeper moisture arrives and inversions rise up to 7-8kft. Additional support for precip will be from at least weaker shortwave energy moving through and uptick in low-level convergence as sfc trough works across Lk Superior and northern Upper Michigan. Low-level flow looks more cyclonic than it did 24 hr ago, so overall the setup will be favorable for light to perhaps moderate lake effect. Location of strongest, persistent convergence is subject to change but attm looks like would affect north central Upper Michigan on Fri morning. Ptype in this area should remain rain with close proximity to warmer Lk Superior waters and as 1000-850mb thickness remain above 1300m and sfc temps stay aoa 38-39F. Farther inland west, wbzero heights blo 1000agl and sfc temps aob 35F would support some snow mixing in with the rain, but attm the overall coverage and intensity of precip for these areas looks minimal. Mean trough then deepens further over Quebec and the northeast conus through the weekend while nw flow aloft continues across the Great Lakes. Still uncertainty on how weekend works out. Even though axis of mean trough will be well to the east and heights will try to rise some, there may be additional shortwaves digging across area serving to keep at least weak troughing in place. Any upper level system working through will be moisture starved though as deep moisture will be wrapped up in strong low spinning over Quebec. Just slight chance pops for the weekend into early next week with temps around normal. && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Wednesday evening) Issued at 807 PM EDT TUE OCT 18 2016 With dry air moving into the region, expect VFR conditions through the foreast period. There may be period of mid clouds and a few sprinkles Wednesday as a weak cold front moves through. As the front moves through winds will veer from w to nw. && .MARINE...(For the 4 PM Lake Superior forecast issuance) Issued at 343 PM EDT TUE OCT 18 2016 Expect winds to remain 20-25 kts or less through the rest of the week and into the weekend as a relatively weak pressure gradient dominates. && .MQT WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... Upper Michigan... None. Lake Superior... None. Lake Michigan... None. && $$ SHORT TERM...Rolfson LONG TERM...JLA AVIATION...JLB MARINE...JLA
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Sioux Falls SD
424 AM CDT Wed Oct 19 2016 .SHORT TERM...(Today and Tonight) Issued at 424 AM CDT Wed Oct 19 2016 Split flow regime will influence the weather today across the forecast area. A short wave will move across Nebraska through the day, most evident in the 700-500mb layer and shows up well with the mid level QG forcing fields. But to the north, our area is largely influenced by a subtle wave dropping southeastward on the southwest periphery of an upper low in southeast Canada. This northern stream wave will bring an associated surface cold front southward with it, evidenced by falling 925-850mb temperatures through the day. The atmosphere is moisture starved below about 750mb in our extreme southern zones, with the moisture even higher based as you approach I 90. The frontogenetic forcing is fairly strong in the 750-700mb layer, but remains to our south. Due to the proximity of the southern stream wave, have some likely pops in our extreme southern zones, from southern Gregory county to near Yankton for light rainfall. Measurable pops decrease rapidly heading north and eastward from that axis, although some sprinkles could fall out of the mid deck of clouds as far north as I 90 during the middle of the day. Another item to watch at least this morning is the massive stratus deck in ND and northern MN. Based near 925mb, the current NAM and GFS do not have a very good handle on it, but the RAP does. The RAP brings it down into our extreme northern zones this morning, generally from northern Beadle county to near Marshall before it mixes it out by midday. This should not have a major influence on our highs as we will have abundant mid and high level clouds with the two short waves anyway. Because of the cloud cover and cold air advection, lowered highs a bit based on 925mb temperatures, ranging from the mid 50s in our north, to lower 60s in Sioux City and Storm Lake. Tonight, the main feature to watch is another very weak mid level wave moving down the northwest flow aloft, which primarily affects our western zones. The wave should be enough to give mostly cloudy conditions along and west of I 29, with a small chance for light rain in our far west. Lowered a few lows in our extreme east from Windom MN to Spencer IA below consensus temperatures, where sky cover should be clearer coupled with light northerly winds. .LONG TERM...(Thursday through Tuesday) Issued at 424 AM CDT Wed Oct 19 2016 Main trough will continue to dig toward to mid and southern Mississippi valley early Thursday, but a secondary bit of northern stream energy falling into the Dakotas will keep a good deal of clouds along with a low threat for light showers going across parts of southeast South Dakota near and south of I-90 early in the day. Cold advection will continue with greater focus into areas along and east of I-29. Models, other than ECMWF or WRF-ARW, are not very enthusiastic about stratus potential within zone of more northerly flow. Historically, predictions of stratus fields generally far from a strong point in the models. Have hedged in a greater degree of cloud coverage in the afternoon over the initialization blend, especially across southwest Minnesota and into northwest Iowa, but would not be surprised in the least to get a far greater coverage of stratus even westward from there. Diurnal cycle and proximity of surface ridge should help to flush out lingering clouds by early evening, and with light winds and clear skies should get a few lows down toward the freezing point across northwest Iowa. Building ridge aloft will start to increase high- and a few mid-level clouds, and increasing southerly flow will slow or halt the fall in temps later in the night. Large scale upper ridge will continue to build across the area, with likely enough influence from wave traversing ridge along the international border to push a weak boundary across the area Friday night. However, a rapid return to warm advective patterns Saturday with a bit breezier south winds developing. Will certainly be above normal tempwise, but perhaps by quite a bit as warmer air noses up into southeast South Dakota ahead of next frontal boundary to our west. Models working to resolve some timing discrepancies from Saturday onward, but generally that is the only significant difference with the stronger upper ridging over the area until the axis shifts eastward early next week. Increasing southerly flow at low levels will bring greater moisture, along with threat for stratus developing around Monday night or Tuesday. There will also come the start of a precipitation threat by Tuesday with warm front lifting into the area, but greater precipitation/thunder threat just beyond the forecast period as jet energy pushes out across the plains and cyclogenesis occurs over the plains. Temps will continue above normal through the end of the forecast period, with an abundance of 60s for highs, and lows moderating from 30s to lower 40s, into the mid 40s to around 50 by the time southerly flow Monday and Tuesday night. && .AVIATION...(For the 06Z TAFS through 06Z Wednesday night) Issued at 1031 PM CDT Tue Oct 18 2016 VFR conditions will prevail through the TAF period. Scattered showers will develop across areas generally south of Interstate 90 on Wednesday, but ceilings and visibilities are expected to remain in the VFR range. && .FSD WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... SD...None. MN...None. IA...None. NE...None. && $$ SHORT TERM...MJ LONG TERM...Chapman AVIATION...JM
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Goodland KS
221 AM MDT Wed Oct 19 2016 .SHORT TERM...(Today through Friday night) Issued at 221 AM MDT Wed Oct 19 2016 Early morning WV imagery and RAP upper level analysis shows a shortwave trough over Wyoming and Colorado, with a region of subsidence/dry air moving northeast out of south central Colorado. At the surface Lo pressure is in place with a surface trough axis extending north across eastern Colorado. A cold front is over then Northern plains, moving into northeast Wyoming and approaching southern South Dakota. The shortwave trough will move east and pass over our CWA today and tonight. Region of subsidence may remain in place over our southern CWA limiting chances there. Moisture profiles will be slow to saturate, and dry lower levels may limit potential for precip to reach the surface. Limited instability and a slow increase in moisture depth/moisture profiles could eventually allow light showers to develop. Guidance is still showing an overlapping weak precip signal in our north and northeast today and tonight, with dry conditions elsewhere. By Thursday the trough will be east, and subsidence ahead of building ridge in the west will overspread our CWA. Very dry/stable air will then remain in place through the rest of the week. Regarding temperatures: The cold front in the northern plains should pass over our CWA this morning and Canadian high pressure will slide out of the Rockies towards the Central High Plains tonight, then eastward through Thursday night. The air mass change will support cooler temperatures Today and Thursday (upper 50s/lower 60s), before the flow aloft shifts and WAA brings above normal temps back to the region Friday (mid 70s). A frost (or freeze) is possible Thursday and Friday mornings. As surface high pressure remains just west, we may see enough of a gradient that winds around 10 kt could limit peak radiational conditions to all but the far west tonight. There is also a small chance that stratus develops along forward edge of ridge ahead of low BL Tds, and this could hold overnight lows up. On Thursday night/Friday morning radiational conditions may better better, but the air mass will also begin to moderate lowering confidence in lows. Ultimately a frost advisory may be needed (06- 15Z) tonight/Thursday morning and Thursday night/Friday morning for our west. There is enough uncertainty that after coordination, the decision was made to hold off for now. .LONG TERM...(Saturday through Tuesday) Issued at 153 AM MDT Wed Oct 19 2016 An upper ridge looks to be the dominating feature this weekend into early next week. This leads to dry weather persisting for the large majority of the extended period. The ridge progresses onto the Plains over the weekend, with its axis moving east of the region on Monday. Southwesterly flow then develops aloft as a trough advances onto the Pacific coast on Tuesday, bringing some moisture towards the High Plains. Will continue to monitor how models resolve discrepancies with the trough as next week draws near, but this appears to be our next shot at precipitation. Temperatures generally follow a slight cooling trend during this time frame. Highs start out in the upper 70s to low 80s on Saturday and end mainly in the low to mid 70s Tuesday. Lows stay in the upper 30s to 40s. && .AVIATION...(For the 06Z TAFS through 06Z Wednesday night) Issued at 1000 PM MDT Tue Oct 18 2016 For KGLD and KMCK, vfr conditions expected through the period. For KGLD winds begin the period from the southeast near 10kts becoming variable around 5kts by 11z as a front begins to approach the terminal. By 13z winds expected from the northwest in the 5-10kt range. Winds increase with gusts of 20 to 30 mph from the north in the 18z-22z timeframe. After 23z winds remain from the north near 11kts. No precipitation expected. There is the possibility of mvfr cigs in the 15z-19z timeframe. Right now confidence too low to mention the threat. For KMCK winds remain light for the entire period. Should see winds from the east near 5kts gradually backing to the northeast by 11z then north after 16z. No precipitation expected. && .GLD WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... KS...NONE. CO...NONE. NE...NONE. && $$ SHORT TERM...DR LONG TERM...JBH AVIATION...99
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
National Weather Service New Orleans LA
350 AM CDT Wed Oct 19 2016 .SHORT TERM... An upper level ridge has expanded across the entire Gulf coast to the western Atlantic. It was centered overhead yesterday but has shifted further east, much like the surface high pressure. Onshore flow continues to increase moisture across the region. Dewpoints have been slowly increasing, now in the lower to mid 70s. The latest UA sounding shows that precip water is holding steady at around 1.6" with quite a bit of dry air aloft. A warm layer cap around 15kft continues to be in place and slightly more pronounced than previous days. This cap along with dry air aloft will likely keep convective development limited in spatial coverage as well as intensity. The HRRR and medium range models all show some scattered showers between New Orleans and Baton Rouge today. So have adjusted pops accordingly. Temperatures will continue to be unusually hot with high pressure in place, so have kept forecast highs in the mid to upper 80s for the next couple days. Blended guidance has been to cool, so trended the max temps closer to the MAV. .LONG TERM... Models are still showing the next significant weather impact to be a cold front marching through the area Thursday afternoon and through the overnight period. Exact timing of the initial wind shift has been bouncing around from run to run but attm it looks to begin late in the afternoon on Thursday. With this slightly slower solution, precip likely not starting till late morning in nwrn zones, then spreading southeast in the afternoon. It appears that coverage will steadily decrease as the front progresses across the CWA, which is fairly typical this time of year. In fact, its possible that areas from New Orleans and southward may not see any rainfall at all. A significant drop in temperatures is expected Friday through the weekend. A 15-20 degree drop in highs and lows are likely if model solutions don`t change much between now and then. Friday through Saturday night look to be the coldest with highs in the lower to mid 70s and nighttime lows dropping into the upper 40s to mid 50s. Temperatures will begin moderating Sunday onward as upper trough exits and ridge builds back in from the west. Next chance of rain not till maybe latter part of next week. Meffer && .AVIATION... VFR at most terminals through this taf cycle. As a cold front moves closer to the area tonight and Thursday, fog should not be an issue if cloud cover can remain overnight. Will keep ceilings in at around BKN080 by later today and overnight. && .MARINE... A cold front will move rapidly through much of Louisiana and Mississippi before slowing to a crawl between Baton Rouge to New Orleans. The front then gets reinforced and moves rapidly through the coastal waters Thursday evening. Strong thermal discontinuity and tight pressure gradient will cause winds to abruptly increase immediately behind the front a it moves through. Small craft advisories will likely be necessary by Thursday at the earliest. Winds may stay elevated through a portion of the weekend before easing by the start of the new week. && DECISION SUPPORT... DSS code: Green. Deployed: None. Activation: None. Activities: None. Decision Support Services (DSS) Code Legend Green = No weather impacts that require action. Blue = Long-fused watch, warning, or advisory in effect or high visibility event. Yellow = Heightened impacts with short-fused watch, warning or advisory issuances; radar support. Orange = High Impacts; Slight to Moderate risk severe; nearby tropical events; HazMat or other large episodes. Red = Full engagement for Moderate risk of severe and/or direct tropical threats; Events of National Significance. && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... MCB 88 68 84 57 / 20 10 50 10 BTR 88 70 87 59 / 20 10 40 10 ASD 89 67 86 59 / 10 0 20 20 MSY 88 70 87 64 / 10 10 20 20 GPT 86 68 83 61 / 10 10 10 20 PQL 88 64 85 60 / 10 10 10 20 && .LIX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... LA...None. GM...None. MS...None. GM...None. && $$
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Marquette MI
400 AM EDT Wed Oct 19 2016 .SHORT TERM...(Today and tonight) Issued at 357 AM EDT WED OCT 19 2016 00Z raobs/latest wv imagery and RAP analysis show some lo amplitude upr troffing centered over Manitoba extending into the Upr Great Lks. A shrtwv embedded in this flow/sfc cold fnt is moving toward Lk Sup, and the accompanying weak dynamic support and mstr shown on the 00Z INL raob has resulted in a good deal of cld cover over nrn MN moving into the nw cwa. But the relatively weak dynamic forcing/ fairly dry llvls has limited the accompanying pcpn to some isold showers. Behind the cold fnt, 00Z h85 temps are as lo as -7C at The Pas Ontario. There is a good deal of lo cld within the thermal trof trailing the cold fnt. Today...As the aprchg shrtwv/cold fnt cross Upr MI today, some of the hi res models generate some lgt pcpn over the Keweenaw this mrng with upslope w wind enhancing the llvl moistening. So wl add a mention of some isold light showers in that area. Only some clds wl accompany the fnt elsewhere. Following the fropa, h85 temps area fcst to fall to arnd -2C over the w by 00Z Thu, not sufficiently cold for lk effect pcpn with the wrn Lk Sup buoy reporting a water temp of 9C. Although the sfc wnw flow wl turn more acyc, upstream sfc obs sug some lo clds should dvlp/persist over at least the w with the upslope flow behind the fropa even if the models seem to downplay the lo clds. Downsloping of the wind should break up these clds over the central. Max temps wl range fm the upr 40s over the w to the lo 60s over the scntrl. Tngt...As the upr trof deepens a bit into the Upr Lks, h85 temps are progged to fall to -4C to -6C over the nrn tier of the cwa by 12Z Thu in the nw llvl flow ahead of sfc hi pres moving toward MN. These temps are sufficiently cold for some lk effect pcpn. Some negatives for this pcpn are the larger scale acyc flow under fcst deep lyr qvector dvgc/subsidence and inverted-v nature of the fcst llvl T/Td profiles shown on the fcst sdngs blo moist lyr at subsidence invrn base near h85. Since many of the hi res models show some isold showers over mainly the e half with longer fetch acrs Lk Sup and downwind of additional moistening off Lk Nipigon, opted to add some lo chc pops for some showers in the favored nw wind locations e of Munising. Sfc temps should be sufficiently warm for only rain in this area given the warm lk temps, as hi as 13C at the Grand Marais buoy. .LONG TERM...(Thursday through Tuesday) Issued at 323 AM EDT WED OCT 19 2016 Nam shows a 500 mb trough over the upper Great lakes 12z Thu that digs into the ern U.S. Fri night. GFS and ECMWF show about the same thing as well. 850 mb temperatures off the GFS and NAM over Lake Superior drop to around -4C at 12z Thu and then fall to -4C to -6C over Lake Superior Thu night and Fri. With lake temperatures from 9C to 12C, this is still enough for lake effect pcpn and had to put in some slight chance to low chance pops in to cover this into Fri night. Overall, did not make too many changes to the going forecast for temperatures or weather except to bump up pops a bit for lake effect pcpn. In the extended, GFS and ECMWF show a 500 mb ridge over the southern plains 12z Sat with a deep 500 mb trough in the ern U.S. 850 mb temperatures 12z Sat over Lake Superior are from -4C to -6C with lake temperatures from 9C to 12C. This is still enough for lake effect pcpn. A shortwave moves into the upper Great Lakes 12z Sun. the 500 mb ridge builds into the northern plains 12z Mon and this ridge builds into the upper Great Lakes on Tue. Temperatures will remain near normal for this forecast period. && .AVIATION...(For the 06Z TAFS through 06Z Wednesday night) Issued at 121 AM EDT WED OCT 19 2016 With dry air moving into the region, expect VFR conditions through the foreast period. There may be period of mid clouds and a few sprinkles Wednesday as a weak cold front moves through. Winds will also veer from w to nw with the frontal passage. && .MARINE...(For the 4 AM Lake Superior forecast issuance) Issued at 357 AM EDT WED OCT 19 2016 Expect winds to remain 20-25 kts or less through the rest of the week and thru the weekend as a relatively weak pressure gradient dominates. && .MQT WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... Upper Michigan... None. Lake Superior... None. Lake Michigan... None. && $$ SHORT TERM...KC LONG TERM...07 AVIATION...JLB MARINE...KC
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Sioux Falls SD
626 AM CDT Wed Oct 19 2016 .SHORT TERM...(Today and Tonight) Issued at 424 AM CDT Wed Oct 19 2016 Split flow regime will influence the weather today across the forecast area. A short wave will move across Nebraska through the day, most evident in the 700-500mb layer and shows up well with the mid level QG forcing fields. But to the north, our area is largely influenced by a subtle wave dropping southeastward on the southwest periphery of an upper low in southeast Canada. This northern stream wave will bring an associated surface cold front southward with it, evidenced by falling 925-850mb temperatures through the day. The atmosphere is moisture starved below about 750mb in our extreme southern zones, with the moisture even higher based as you approach I 90. The frontogenetic forcing is fairly strong in the 750-700mb layer, but remains to our south. Due to the proximity of the southern stream wave, have some likely pops in our extreme southern zones, from southern Gregory county to near Yankton for light rainfall. Measurable pops decrease rapidly heading north and eastward from that axis, although some sprinkles could fall out of the mid deck of clouds as far north as I 90 during the middle of the day. Another item to watch at least this morning is the massive stratus deck in ND and northern MN. Based near 925mb, the current NAM and GFS do not have a very good handle on it, but the RAP does. The RAP brings it down into our extreme northern zones this morning, generally from northern Beadle county to near Marshall before it mixes it out by midday. This should not have a major influence on our highs as we will have abundant mid and high level clouds with the two short waves anyway. Because of the cloud cover and cold air advection, lowered highs a bit based on 925mb temperatures, ranging from the mid 50s in our north, to lower 60s in Sioux City and Storm Lake. Tonight, the main feature to watch is another very weak mid level wave moving down the northwest flow aloft, which primarily affects our western zones. The wave should be enough to give mostly cloudy conditions along and west of I 29, with a small chance for light rain in our far west. Lowered a few lows in our extreme east from Windom MN to Spencer IA below consensus temperatures, where sky cover should be clearer coupled with light northerly winds. .LONG TERM...(Thursday through Tuesday) Issued at 424 AM CDT Wed Oct 19 2016 Main trough will continue to dig toward to mid and southern Mississippi valley early Thursday, but a secondary bit of northern stream energy falling into the Dakotas will keep a good deal of clouds along with a low threat for light showers going across parts of southeast South Dakota near and south of I-90 early in the day. Cold advection will continue with greater focus into areas along and east of I-29. Models, other than ECMWF or WRF-ARW, are not very enthusiastic about stratus potential within zone of more northerly flow. Historically, predictions of stratus fields generally far from a strong point in the models. Have hedged in a greater degree of cloud coverage in the afternoon over the initialization blend, especially across southwest Minnesota and into northwest Iowa, but would not be surprised in the least to get a far greater coverage of stratus even westward from there. Diurnal cycle and proximity of surface ridge should help to flush out lingering clouds by early evening, and with light winds and clear skies should get a few lows down toward the freezing point across northwest Iowa. Building ridge aloft will start to increase high- and a few mid-level clouds, and increasing southerly flow will slow or halt the fall in temps later in the night. Large scale upper ridge will continue to build across the area, with likely enough influence from wave traversing ridge along the international border to push a weak boundary across the area Friday night. However, a rapid return to warm advective patterns Saturday with a bit breezier south winds developing. Will certainly be above normal tempwise, but perhaps by quite a bit as warmer air noses up into southeast South Dakota ahead of next frontal boundary to our west. Models working to resolve some timing discrepancies from Saturday onward, but generally that is the only significant difference with the stronger upper ridging over the area until the axis shifts eastward early next week. Increasing southerly flow at low levels will bring greater moisture, along with threat for stratus developing around Monday night or Tuesday. There will also come the start of a precipitation threat by Tuesday with warm front lifting into the area, but greater precipitation/thunder threat just beyond the forecast period as jet energy pushes out across the plains and cyclogenesis occurs over the plains. Temps will continue above normal through the end of the forecast period, with an abundance of 60s for highs, and lows moderating from 30s to lower 40s, into the mid 40s to around 50 by the time southerly flow Monday and Tuesday night. && .AVIATION...(For the 12Z TAFS through 12Z Thursday morning) Issued at 623 AM CDT Wed Oct 19 2016 Mid and high level clouds will be abundant today. But despite areas of light rainfall south of I 90 today, the low levels are pretty dry, so conditions should be VFR. There is one thing to watch however for the morning hours. There is MVFR stratus to the north of the forecast area, currently in northeast SD and North Dakota. All indications are, that the stratus will remain north and east of the TAF sites, possibly affecting the Brookings SD and Marshall MN areas by mid morning, exiting midday. With a northerly flow continuing today, it will need to be watched to see if any of this stratus sneaks into KHON or KFSD. && .FSD WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... SD...None. MN...None. IA...None. NE...None. && $$ SHORT TERM...MJ LONG TERM...Chapman AVIATION...MJ
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Goodland KS
521 AM MDT Wed Oct 19 2016 .SHORT TERM...(Today through Friday night) Issued at 221 AM MDT Wed Oct 19 2016 Early morning WV imagery and RAP upper level analysis shows a shortwave trough over Wyoming and Colorado, with a region of subsidence/dry air moving northeast out of south central Colorado. At the surface Lo pressure is in place with a surface trough axis extending north across eastern Colorado. A cold front is over then Northern plains, moving into northeast Wyoming and approaching southern South Dakota. The shortwave trough will move east and pass over our CWA today and tonight. Region of subsidence may remain in place over our southern CWA limiting chances there. Moisture profiles will be slow to saturate, and dry lower levels may limit potential for precip to reach the surface. Limited instability and a slow increase in moisture depth/moisture profiles could eventually allow light showers to develop. Guidance is still showing an overlapping weak precip signal in our north and northeast today and tonight, with dry conditions elsewhere. By Thursday the trough will be east, and subsidence ahead of building ridge in the west will overspread our CWA. Very dry/stable air will then remain in place through the rest of the week. Regarding temperatures: The cold front in the northern plains should pass over our CWA this morning and Canadian high pressure will slide out of the Rockies towards the Central High Plains tonight, then eastward through Thursday night. The air mass change will support cooler temperatures Today and Thursday (upper 50s/lower 60s), before the flow aloft shifts and WAA brings above normal temps back to the region Friday (mid 70s). A frost (or freeze) is possible Thursday and Friday mornings. As surface high pressure remains just west, we may see enough of a gradient that winds around 10 kt could limit peak radiational conditions to all but the far west tonight. There is also a small chance that stratus develops along forward edge of ridge ahead of low BL Tds, and this could hold overnight lows up. On Thursday night/Friday morning radiational conditions may better better, but the air mass will also begin to moderate lowering confidence in lows. Ultimately a frost advisory may be needed (06- 15Z) tonight/Thursday morning and Thursday night/Friday morning for our west. There is enough uncertainty that after coordination, the decision was made to hold off for now. .LONG TERM...(Saturday through Tuesday) Issued at 153 AM MDT Wed Oct 19 2016 An upper ridge looks to be the dominating feature this weekend into early next week. This leads to dry weather persisting for the large majority of the extended period. The ridge progresses onto the Plains over the weekend, with its axis moving east of the region on Monday. Southwesterly flow then develops aloft as a trough advances onto the Pacific coast on Tuesday, bringing some moisture towards the High Plains. Will continue to monitor how models resolve discrepancies with the trough as next week draws near, but this appears to be our next shot at precipitation. Temperatures generally follow a slight cooling trend during this time frame. Highs start out in the upper 70s to low 80s on Saturday and end mainly in the low to mid 70s Tuesday. Lows stay in the upper 30s to 40s. && .AVIATION...(For the 12Z TAFS through 12Z Thursday morning) Issued at 521 AM MDT Wed Oct 19 2016 VFR conditions should prevail through the TAF period, with upstream trends and current short range guidance no longer favoring MVFR cigs this morning. A few light showers or virga will be possible, mainly over southwest Nebraska (KMCK) this afternoon through late tonight. Confidence in coverage was too low to include mention in TAF. Winds will shift to the northeast as a front moves through the region and increase to 10-12kt (a few gusts to 20 kt at KGLD). Winds then decrease tonight and eventually back towards the northwest as high pressure builds west to east. && .GLD WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... KS...NONE. CO...NONE. NE...NONE. && $$ SHORT TERM...DR LONG TERM...JBH AVIATION...DR
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Marquette MI
Issued by National Weather Service Gaylord MI 1109 AM EDT Wed Oct 19 2016 .UPDATE... Issued at 1109 AM EDT WED OCT 19 2016 12z composite analysis shows a surface cold front crossing western Lake Superior/western Upper Michigan...trailing southwest back into southern Wisconsin. Decent low level cold advection behind this front pulling low clouds into far western Upper and the Keweenaw Peninsula...12z INL sounding shows a moist layer trapped between 900-825mb with gravity waves evident in the cloud deck beneath a sharp inversion. Upper Peninsula lies north of a 130kt jet axis lifting northeast out of Iowa/southern Wisconsin/northern Lower Michigan...with general large scale subsidence across the upper Great Lakes. Front will continue to traverse the U.P. this afternoon with winds shifting to the west/northwest in its wake. Biggest issue is the upstream cloud cover...leading edge of this cloud deck should continue to advance east this afternoon. Guidance suggests that a back edge should develop over western Lake Superior and spreading into western Upper Michigan later this afternoon. Not totally enamored with this idea given current satellite trends...though eventually should start to get into some more lake induced cloudiness by this evening. But should be a decent afternoon across much of southern/eastern Upper with temperatures well into the 50s. && .SHORT TERM...(Today and tonight) Issued at 357 AM EDT WED OCT 19 2016 00Z raobs/latest wv imagery and RAP analysis show some lo amplitude upr troffing centered over Manitoba extending into the Upr Great Lks. A shrtwv embedded in this flow/sfc cold fnt is moving toward Lk Sup, and the accompanying weak dynamic support and mstr shown on the 00Z INL raob has resulted in a good deal of cld cover over nrn MN moving into the nw cwa. But the relatively weak dynamic forcing/ fairly dry llvls has limited the accompanying pcpn to some isold showers. Behind the cold fnt, 00Z h85 temps are as lo as -7C at The Pas Ontario. There is a good deal of lo cld within the thermal trof trailing the cold fnt. Today...As the aprchg shrtwv/cold fnt cross Upr MI today, some of the hi res models generate some lgt pcpn over the Keweenaw this mrng with upslope w wind enhancing the llvl moistening. So wl add a mention of some isold light showers in that area. Only some clds wl accompany the fnt elsewhere. Following the fropa, h85 temps area fcst to fall to arnd -2C over the w by 00Z Thu, not sufficiently cold for lk effect pcpn with the wrn Lk Sup buoy reporting a water temp of 9C. Although the sfc wnw flow wl turn more acyc, upstream sfc obs sug some lo clds should dvlp/persist over at least the w with the upslope flow behind the fropa even if the models seem to downplay the lo clds. Downsloping of the wind should break up these clds over the central. Max temps wl range fm the upr 40s over the w to the lo 60s over the scntrl. Tngt...As the upr trof deepens a bit into the Upr Lks, h85 temps are progged to fall to -4C to -6C over the nrn tier of the cwa by 12Z Thu in the nw llvl flow ahead of sfc hi pres moving toward MN. These temps are sufficiently cold for some lk effect pcpn. Some negatives for this pcpn are the larger scale acyc flow under fcst deep lyr qvector dvgc/subsidence and inverted-v nature of the fcst llvl T/Td profiles shown on the fcst sdngs blo moist lyr at subsidence invrn base near h85. Since many of the hi res models show some isold showers over mainly the e half with longer fetch acrs Lk Sup and downwind of additional moistening off Lk Nipigon, opted to add some lo chc pops for some showers in the favored nw wind locations e of Munising. Sfc temps should be sufficiently warm for only rain in this area given the warm lk temps, as hi as 13C at the Grand Marais buoy. .LONG TERM...(Thursday through Tuesday) Issued at 323 AM EDT WED OCT 19 2016 Nam shows a 500 mb trough over the upper Great lakes 12z Thu that digs into the ern U.S. Fri night. GFS and ECMWF show about the same thing as well. 850 mb temperatures off the GFS and NAM over Lake Superior drop to around -4C at 12z Thu and then fall to -4C to -6C over Lake Superior Thu night and Fri. With lake temperatures from 9C to 12C, this is still enough for lake effect pcpn and had to put in some slight chance to low chance pops in to cover this into Fri night. Overall, did not make too many changes to the going forecast for temperatures or weather except to bump up pops a bit for lake effect pcpn. In the extended, GFS and ECMWF show a 500 mb ridge over the southern plains 12z Sat with a deep 500 mb trough in the ern U.S. 850 mb temperatures 12z Sat over Lake Superior are from -4C to -6C with lake temperatures from 9C to 12C. This is still enough for lake effect pcpn. A shortwave moves into the upper Great Lakes 12z Sun. the 500 mb ridge builds into the northern plains 12z Mon and this ridge builds into the upper Great Lakes on Tue. Temperatures will remain near normal for this forecast period. && .AVIATION...(For the 12Z TAFS through 12Z Thursday morning) Issued at 723 AM EDT WED OCT 19 2016 An extensive area of lo clds/MVFR cigs upstream in MN wl impact IWD and CMX for at least at time this mrng into the aftn with an upslope wnw wind before some daytime heating/mixing causes these clds to sct out. Daytime heating/mixing wl also allow for some gusty winds today, mainly at the more exposed CMX site. With nocturnal cooling tngt, expect more clds/MVFR cigs again under subsidence invrn. Downslope nature of the wnw shifting nw flow at SAW should result in predominant VFR conditions there. && .MARINE...(For the 4 AM Lake Superior forecast issuance) Issued at 357 AM EDT WED OCT 19 2016 Expect winds to remain 20-25 kts or less through the rest of the week and thru the weekend as a relatively weak pressure gradient dominates. && .MQT WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... Upper Michigan...None. Lake Superior... None. Lake Michigan... None. && $$ UPDATE...JPB SHORT TERM...KC LONG TERM...07 AVIATION...KC MARINE...KC
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Pendleton OR
858 AM PDT WED OCT 19 2016 .UPDATE...Skies are mostly clear for much of the forecast area this morning. Did add some patchy fog into the forecast through midday for the higher mountain valleys in Oregon, including near Meacham, Ukiah, Long creek, Seneca and John Day. Otherwise high clouds will gradually increase from west to east over the region by this afternoon...lowering and thickening toward evening. Only made minor adjustments to the PoPs, QPF and WX for tonight...as the short term forecast looks on track. A warm frontal boundary will move over the CWA this evening bringing increasing moisture. The latest HRRR model seemed too fast bringing rain showers into the Columbia Gorge prior to 5 PM today...so for now the short term forecast was based largely on a 12z NAM and GFS blend. Precipitation totals by daybreak Thursday are expected to range from a few hundreths or less over the Lower Columbia Basin and surrounding Foothills...with a quarter to half inch possible along the East Slopes of the Washington Cascades. On Thursday the frontal boundary remains nearly stationary over the forecast area during the morning, then begins to slowly drop south and east as a cool front in the afternoon. This will keep chances for rain and showers in the forecast through the day for just about the entire area. 77 && .PREV DISCUSSION... /issued 457 AM PDT WED OCT 19 2016/ SHORT TERM...Today through Friday...A brief ridge will build into WA and OR today. A warm front will lift across the forecast area tonight bringing back precipitation. The ridge will then flatten on Thursday and allow a front to stall across the forecast area. The front will slowly weaken over time. A few showers will linger Friday along the frontal boundary. Temepratures will be slightly warmer over the next three days with Thursday expected to be the warmest day. Coonfield LONG TERM...Friday night through Tuesday...An upper level trough looks to linger off the west coast of the U.S. through this period. This trough would keep a general southwesterly upper level flow over the Pacific Northwest through Tuesday. A weak disturbance within the southwest flow looks to move across the region Friday night, then there may be a break on Saturday. For now will continue to indicate some showers over our northeastern most zones Saturday, though these may be done by mid morning. From Saturday night onward, a series of disturbances look to swing across the region bringing varying chances of showers. Snow levels will slowly lower Sunday through Tuesday, reaching a range of 4500 to 5500 ft by Tuesday. High temps look to run near to slightly below seasonal, while low temps look to run near to slightly above seasonal. 90 AVIATION...12Z TAFs...VFR conditions are mainly expected during the next 24 hours. A weak, transitory high pressure ridge will move east across the region today. This ridge will be followed by the next Pacific system tonight. Patchy MVFR clouds will continue near KDLS early in this period. Otherwise expect fair conditions with gradually increasing mid and high level clouds today into this evening. Showers are expected to spread east of the Cascade crest roughly after 20/00 UTC. Showers will be possible at KDLS and KYKM. May see a few showers in the vicinity of KRDM, KPSC and KALW. Winds will be generally 10 kts or less. 90 && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... PDT 61 45 65 47 / 0 20 40 60 ALW 62 50 64 50 / 0 20 50 60 PSC 62 47 64 48 / 0 20 40 30 YKM 61 45 62 41 / 0 50 50 20 HRI 63 45 67 47 / 0 20 30 40 ELN 59 44 58 40 / 0 60 60 20 RDM 61 40 65 41 / 0 10 20 20 LGD 57 45 58 44 / 0 20 40 40 GCD 57 41 61 44 / 0 10 20 20 DLS 62 49 64 48 / 0 60 50 20 && .PDT Watches/Warnings/Advisories... OR...None. WA...None. && $$ 77/91/91
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Shreveport LA
1051 AM CDT Wed Oct 19 2016 .UPDATE... Expand 18z pop in both time back to now 15z and also pm coverage. && .DISCUSSION... A weak disturbance over S TX can now be seen on the water vapor on that sneaky SW flow. Generally, speeds aloft are lighter than this time yesterday, but that is good for any rain makers that do develop in that motion will be slower giving more needed rainfall. The HRRR model is spot on and now a reflection of our expectation with this mornings update to pop and weather over Deep E TX and also the expansion in afternoon coverage now anticipated with peak heating unfolding. Other forecast elements are in good shape. /24/ && .PREV DISCUSSION... /issued 808 AM CDT Wed Oct 19 2016/ AVIATION... For the 19/12Z terminal forecast period, will start off with IFR/MVFR flight categories and these will start to improve to VFR in the late morning to mid day hours. VFR categories will continue into the overnight hours until after 20/06z when a cold front will be moving into parts of Southeast Oklahoma and Southwest Arkansas with a chance of showers and thunderstorms. IFR/MVFR ceilings will be moving North across East and Northeast Texas and Northwest and North Central Louisiana with a chance of showers and thunderstorms moving North. Showers and thunderstorms will continue during the day Thursday as the surface boundary moves Southeast. Surface winds will be South to Southwest 5-12 knots through the late afternoon and into the early evening. Winds will be shifting to the West and Northwest with frontal passage. /06/ PREV DISCUSSION... /issued 341 AM CDT Wed Oct 19 2016/ DISCUSSION... WV imagery this morning shows upper trof digging esewd across the Four Corners region, with the upper ridge centered over the nrn Gulf Coast beginning to shift ewd in response. Cold front associated with upper low over ern Canada currently draped across srn MO/central OK will be pushed slowly swd today as the trof moves into the Plains. This will trigger shwrs/tstms across SE OK by this aftn, a few of which could be strong to severe. Very little in the way of deep-layer shear will limit the longevity of any severe storms as well as the potential for dmg wind gusts. However, moderately steep lapse rates will make hail the most likely threat with any severe storms. The front will finally get a good swd kick as the trof digs further sewd tonight, and convection will continue to accompany it. However, instability during the overnight hours will likely be too meager to support a severe threat. Models continue to indicate that much of the overnight/morning tstms will be of the elevated, post-frontal type, which will further limit any potential for severe weather. Gusty nwly winds and falling temps in the wake of the front will finally bring a more fall-like feeling to the region Thursday afternoon/evening. Sfc high will settle in over the region Friday as NW flow aloft sets up in the wake of the trof, and below-normal temps will continue through the weekend. However, temps will begin to warm moving into next work week, as the sfc high moves ewd, sly flow returns, and the upper ridge makes yet another comeback. /12/ && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... SHV 90 70 77 54 / 20 40 50 10 MLU 91 69 81 53 / 10 30 50 10 DEQ 89 64 75 48 / 20 60 20 0 TXK 89 67 74 51 / 20 50 30 10 ELD 88 67 74 50 / 20 40 50 10 TYR 89 67 76 52 / 10 50 30 0 GGG 88 68 75 52 / 20 50 50 10 LFK 91 70 79 54 / 20 30 50 10 && .SHV WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... AR...None. LA...None. OK...None. TX...None. && $$ 24/06/12
Forecast discussion for routine afternoon forecast issuance

.SHORT TERM...Tonight and Thursday Issued at 213 PM CDT Wed Oct 19 2016 The latest RAP analysis and satellite/radar imagery show a cold front moving southeast from Red Wing to Rhinelander early this afternoon. Temps are in the 60s ahead of the front, and fall back into the 50s behind it. Some cu has developed along and behind the boundary, but the widespread overcast conditions reside north of the U.P. border and farther west into Minnesota. The rest of area is seeing scattered mid and high clouds overhead, with a more widespread batch over South Dakota that is struggling to move into Wisconsin. With no precip expected along or behind the front, sky and temp trends are the main forecast concerns. Tonight...The cold front will be exiting eastern WI during the evening. Little in the way of clouds associated with the front, but scattered to broken mid and high clouds will continue to pass overhead before departing overnight. Scattered lake clouds may also move into far northern WI as 850mb temps fall to -5C over western Lake Superior. Colder lows with a slight north wind into the low 30s north to low 40s south. Thursday...A large scale trough will be moving into the western Great Lakes above a chilly airmass with brisk northwest winds. With daytime heating and flow continuing off Lake Superior, should see plenty of cloud cover develop over northern Wisconsin. Downsloping should help keep eastern WI partly sunny. As a result, temps will be cooler over the north, only into the low to mid 40s. Highs over eastern WI should reach into the lower 50s. .LONG TERM...Thursday Night Through Wednesday Issued at 213 PM CDT Wed Oct 19 2016 Ridging will become established across the western Great Lakes region by late this week, bringing a long period of dry weather that is expected to last through the weekend and into early next week. The main concern during this period will be temperatures, as a cold airmass brings overnight lows into the upper 20s to middle 30s Thursday night and Friday night, with daytime highs on Friday limited to the middle 40s to around 50 degrees. Once this cold period is overcome, temperatures will slowly rebound during the weekend and into early next week, with highs on Sunday reaching the middle to upper 50s. After the relatively dry, quiet period has passed a powerful low pressure system will affect the western Great Lakes Tuesday and next Wednesday. This system will bring the possibility of heavy rain and some thunderstorms as modest instability advects north Tuesday night and next Wednesday. There are still significant model differences regarding the strength, timing and path of this system so details are uncertain. However it appears more likely that there will be a period of unsettled weather during this portion of the extended. && .AVIATION...for 18Z TAF Issuance Issued at 1212 PM CDT Wed Oct 19 2016 Mainly vfr conditions will prevail across the taf sites through the period. Mid and high clouds will push overhead across much of the region through the evening before departing. Behind a cold front, incoming colder air will likely bring in mvfr cigs over northern WI late tonight into Thursday. && .GRB WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... NONE. && $$ SHORT TERM.....MPC LONG TERM......Kurimski AVIATION.......MPC
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Lincoln IL
251 PM CDT WED OCT 19 2016 .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Thursday) ISSUED AT 250 PM CDT Wed Oct 19 2016 19z/2pm surface analysis shows stationary frontal boundary extending from southern Indiana southwestward into the Ozarks. Several clusters of thunderstorms have developed along/north of the boundary this afternoon, with the first cluster currently tracking across the SE KILX CWA. Additional storms are noted further upstream around St. Louis and across southwest Missouri. This convection will track E/NE along the front and continue to impact mainly the southeast half of the CWA tonight. Given a frontal position slightly further north than previously forecast, have expanded higher PoPs further northward as well. While minimal elevated instability exists across all of central Illinois tonight, the highest values remain focused closer to the baroclinic zone. As a result, have limited likely to categorical PoPs and thunder mention to locations along and southeast of a Springfield to Champaign line. Further northwest, have only gone with chance PoPs for showers. Overnight lows will range from the upper 40s far northwest around Galesburg to the upper 50s south of I-70. As low pressure tracks along the frontal boundary into the Ohio River Valley, precip chances will gradually decrease from west to east across the region on Thursday. Will continue likely to categorical PoPs along/east of I-57 through the morning, then will decrease to just chance by afternoon before the showers taper off and completely come to an end by evening. Total rainfall with this system will be heaviest along the I-70 corridor where amounts of 1.50 to 1.75 will be common. Amounts will steadily drop off further northwest, with just a couple hundredths of an inch expected from the Peoria area northward. Skies will initially be overcast Thursday morning, then will become mostly sunny along/west of I-55 by afternoon. Highs will generally be in the lower 60s, with cooler upper 50s noted near the Indiana border where clouds/showers will prevail throughout the day. && .LONG TERM...(Thursday night through Wednesday) ISSUED AT 250 PM CDT Wed Oct 19 2016 The upper level trough axis is forecast by all models to progress east of the central/SE Illinois forecast area by Thursday evening with subsidence and high pressure building into the area subsequently. Northwesterly flow behind the departing trough will bring in much cooler air...but also will keep a light breeze in place through Thursday night. The lightest winds should be northwest of the Illinois River nearest the approaching surface high pressure center. As a result...patchy frost may develop by Friday morning roughly northwest of a Havana to Bloomington line as temperatures reach the mid 30s. Elsewhere...lows are expected to reach the upper 30s to lower 40s. Otherwise...slightly warmer temperatures and light wind should prevent frost. For Friday, clear skies, light winds, and cool temperatures are expected as high pressure moves into the central IL area. Expect highs in the mid to upper 50s, and lows Friday night near 40. Fair weather will continue into early next week as high pressure slowly slips into the southeastern U.S., upper level ridging builds into the central U.S., and a warmer air mass begins to edge eastward into the central IL area. Expect highs in the low to mid 60s Saturday, and upper 60s to lower 70s Sunday through Tuesday...above normal. Lows generally in the 40s to around 50...also slightly above normal. The next storm system to potentially impact the area looks to be midweek according to a consensus of 12Z models. However...GFS and ECMWF disagree on the amplitude of the responsible upper level wave and therefore the speed of it`s progression. GFS ensembles also break down consistency by the middle of next week implying low predictability. Therefore...have slowly spread chance PoPs into forecast through the day Wednesday and kept the higher Pops toward areas west of the Illinois River. && .AVIATION...(For the 18Z TAFS through 18Z Thursday afternoon) Issued at 1256 PM CDT Wed Oct 19 2016 Showers and a few thunderstorms will overspread parts of central Illinois this afternoon/evening...as an area of low pressure tracks along a frontal boundary stalled near the Ohio River. As has been the case with the past few model runs, the latest data suggests KPIA will be largely missed by the rain. As a result, have maintained VFR conditions and only mentioned VCSH there. Further southeast, showers will be more numerous and the chances will be greater for MVFR conditions. Latest HRRR forecast hints at periods of MVFR ceilings at both KDEC and KCMI this evening into the overnight hours. Have therefore opted to include MVFR ceilings down to 2500ft at both sites after 03/04z. While the greatest instability will remain further south in closer proximity to the boundary, enough elevated instability will be present to warrant VCTS at all terminals except KPIA. As the low tracks further east along the front, the area of showers will gradually pull further eastward...resulting in an end to the precip from west to east Thursday morning. Winds will initially be from the northeast at around 10kt...then will back to the northwest by Thursday morning. && .ILX Watches/Warnings/Advisories... NONE. && $$ SHORT TERM...Barnes LONG TERM...Onton AVIATION...Barnes
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Mobile AL
316 PM CDT Wed Oct 19 2016 .NEAR TERM /Now Through Thursday/...An analysis of upper air features today show a mid level pressure ridge extending from the Mid-Atlantic to the northern Gulf. A broad trof axis is bringing lower heights aloft across the central CONUS. At the surface, forecasters analyze a surface ridge over the southeast while a quasi-stationary surface front was draped from off the northeast US mainland, back across the Ohio River Valley then crossing over into northern Texas. In the near term, forecast remains governed by the synoptic scale ridge over the southeast which will maintain a persistence type forecast. For tonight, with dewpoints well into the 60`s, plenty of boundary layer moisture coupled with light winds support the development of overnight fog. Not overly confident we``ll see dense fog, with advective pre-frontal clouds coming in from the northwest to mitigate fog coverage but latest high resolution NAM and HRRR guidance showing a strong signal of potentially widespread dense fog formation (visibility <= 1/2mile) between midnight and sunrise. Dense fog advisory may be required on next shift as observational trends are assessed through the evening. Little change in overnight lows with lower 60`s interior and 66 to 70 close to the coast. Heading into the day Thursday, cold front is progged to begin surging southeast, becoming aligned from across the Appalachians to off the upper Texas coast by the close of the afternoon. The front, looking to be knocking on the door-step of the northwest tier of zones thru the afternoon, brings enough lift for the potential of a slight chance of storms. Elsewhere, rain chances look very slim to none. Daytime highs from 84 to 88 for Thursday will be the last day we see these unseasonably warm temperatures for awhile. :) /10 .SHORT TERM /Thursday night Through Saturday night/...A major shortwave trough now pushing east of the Rockies will push a cold front across the region Thursday night. Lift along this boundary may be able to develop some isolated to scattered thunderstorms in the early evening hours otherwise only isolated light rainshowers are expected overnight. Any precipitation will remain light. Cooler, drier air will follow in the wake of the front along with at times breezy northerly winds Friday. A big change in temperatures will follow with afternoon high temperatures remaining in the 70s Friday and Saturday...closer to normal for this time of year. Temperatures Friday and Saturday night should range in the 50s along the coast and 40s inland. /08 .LONG TERM /Sunday Through Wednesday/...Deep layer ridging expected to persist over the region through at least Tuesday so have kept the forecast dry. The surface high settles in over the southeastern states so we should at least see a light onshore flow during the afternoon. Daytime highs will climb into the mid 70s to near 80 on Sunday then low to mid 80s through Wednesday. An uptick in morning lows is also anticipated with lows along the coast generally in the low to mid 50s near the coast and upper 40s to low 50s inland Tuesday morning and upper 50s to mid 60s near the coast Wednesday morning and low to mid 50s inland. Models indicate the potential of an upper level shortwave trough moving through the flow Wednesday but lack of run to run consistency and agreement between models so will leave the forecast dry at this time. /08 && .MARINE...In the wake of a strong cold frontal passage Thursday night into Friday, a moderate to strong offshore flow develops. Choppy to rough conditions to develop on area bays and a building trend in seas is expected over the open Alabama/northwest Florida Gulf waters. The higher seas are forecast beyond 20 nautical miles out due to the longer offshore fetch. Small craft advisories will likely be required Thursday night into Friday. Offshore flow continues into Saturday, but lessens in strength as axis of a large ridge of high pressure builds east across the Mid-South. High pressure holds firm across the southeast and the central Gulf coast Sunday and Monday. /10 && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... Mobile 64 86 59 77 / 0 10 30 10 Pensacola 67 85 63 78 / 0 10 20 10 Destin 70 84 65 78 / 0 10 20 10 Evergreen 61 88 57 76 / 0 10 20 10 Waynesboro 63 86 55 75 / 10 20 30 10 Camden 62 88 56 75 / 10 10 30 10 Crestview 61 87 61 78 / 0 10 20 10 && .MOB WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... AL...None. FL...None. MS...None. GM...None. && $$ This product is also available on the web at: http://weather.gov/mob
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Nashville TN
244 PM CDT Wed Oct 19 2016 .DISCUSSION... Focus for this forecast period remains the approaching upper trough and associated cold front that will bring chances for showers and thunderstorms Thursday through early Friday, along with much cooler temperatures this weekend. Cold front is currently stalled north of the Ohio River Valley, and will begin to progress towards the southeast later today and tomorrow. The front looks to start entering the mid state mid morning on Thursday and be completely through the area by Thursday evening. Before that, short term models such as the HRRR and WRF show prefrontal showers impacting the area by 12Z Thursday, and the latest run of the GFS also shows some precip signatures overnight as well. Increased pops a bit to reflect this, but mainly looking at the western 2/3 of the CWA with chance pops overnight for now. On Thursday, the frontal forcing for showers and thunderstorms should start in the northwest before noon, impact most of the mid state during the afternoon, and cross the Plateau during the evening. The SPC does have a marginal risk for severe thunderstorms on Thursday, and the best shot for severe reports will be during the afternoon when frontal forcing and peak heating will combine to possibly help stronger convection develop. Most models are on board with 1000-1500 J/kg of MUCAPE, and 40-50 knots of 0-6km shear. This will allow some prefrontal storms and/or storms along the frontal boundary to possibly produce some damaging wind gusts during the afternoon. Hail is a possibility as well, but with the absence of steep lapse rates, not expecting too much of a hail threat on Thursday. As the sun sets late in the afternoon, instability drops off quickly, and this looks to end the severe threat as the front continues southeastward. Left in mention of thunderstorms on the Plateau before midnight, but after that time, all trailing precip looks to just be shower activity. Overnight Thursday into Friday precip chances will continue for eastern areas, but also winds look to pick up a bit from Thursday afternoon and into the day Friday. Surface pressure gradients tighten up after FROPA, and mixing down 30 knot low level winds should be pretty easy later on Thursday. Currently have sustained winds as high as 15-20 mph in some locations with gusts over 25 mph at times. The strongest winds with current forecast thinking will be Thursday evening, but winds will not let up much overnight. Winds do not look strong enough for a wind advisory, but look to be strong enough to mention between Thursday afternoon and into the afternoon Friday. Friday will have lingering chances for showers mainly along the Plateau, but will clear out by the afternoon. High temperatures will be much cooler, with highs only in the low to mid 60s for most of the area and upper 50s on the Plateau. CAA behind the front will bring in 4C-6C 850mb temps, so not expecting much higher temps than the 60s on Friday and Saturday. By Sunday, the upper trough slides further east and the upper ridge tries to build in, and a warming trend will move in as well. Sunday temps will hit the 70s again, and above average temps will return to the mid state from Sunday through the end of the forecast Wednesday. The GFS and ECMWF differ for Thursday`s solution, but there may be chances for precip again next Wednesday night into Thursday morning. Otherwise, after this event tomorrow and early Friday, dry conditions will continue to dominate the area. && .AVIATION... 18Z TAF DISCUSSION. Somewhat of a slow progression in overall wx pattern expected thru 20/18Z. Have reflected that in the terminals as diurnal driven CU/AC along with streaming CI in swly upper level flow aloft, should continue generally thru 20/00Z. Expect diurnal influences to dissipate CU/AC fields generally after that, but as frontal system approaches, a slow progression to VFR ceilings expected 20/05Z W to 20/11Z E with the potential of light shwrs maybe not at TAF sites, but at least in the vicinity. Potential for MVFR ceiling formation CKV/BNA possible by the 20/14Z-20/16Z time frame, with categorical light shwrs reducing visibilities to MVFR thresholds, and with the potential of enough instability in sfc frontal vcnty CKV/BNA to led to tstm development. Sfc front might move sw of CKV by 20/18Z, but timing uncertainties still remain, so will continue mentioning of a swly low level wind flow supporting generally sustained winds of 4 to 8 kts at all terminals thru 20/18Z. && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... Nashville 67 78 51 63 42 / 30 80 60 10 0 Clarksville 64 72 46 61 39 / 30 70 40 0 0 Crossville 63 78 49 58 38 / 10 70 80 20 0 Columbia 66 79 49 63 40 / 30 80 60 0 0 Lawrenceburg 65 80 50 63 40 / 30 80 70 0 0 Waverly 65 72 48 61 41 / 30 70 40 0 0 && .OHX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... NONE. && $$ DISCUSSION......Barnwell AVIATION........31
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Paducah KY
256 PM CDT Wed Oct 19 2016 .SHORT TERM...(Tonight through Friday night) Issued at 256 PM CDT Wed Oct 19 2016 The primary surface boundary has lifted northwest of the entire region this afternoon, which has allowed for plenty of sunshine over the southern half of the area. Temperatures have climbed into the upper 80s with dewpoints holding in the upper 60s to lower 70s over most of the area. Besides breaking a few high temperature records, this will result in more destabilization than previously expected. The bottom line is that a few severe thunderstorms will be possible mainly over the northern half of our southeast Missouri counties late this afternoon and into the early evening. Marginally severe hail and a few damaging wind gusts will be possible. Precipitable water values will be near the 99th percentile climatologically, so heavy rainfall will be a concern tonight and Thursday. However, the storms should move at a decent clip, so the primary heavy rainfall/flash flooding concern will be in areas that experience training late this afternoon and tonight. This will be most likely along the I-64 corridor in southern Illinois. The front has pushed farther north than expected today, and subsequently the 12Z models and later runs of the HRRR are slower to bring the cold front back through the area. It will not likely reach KCGI and KEVV until after 06Z tonight. With the primary convective development tonight expected behind the front, much of the area may end up dry through the evening. Will rapidly spread the likely to categorical PoPs southeast through the area late tonight. Thursday morning should be the wettest period for most of the forecast area. The models are shifting the precipitation east of the area by 00Z Friday. The remainder of the short term forecast is dry. Temperatures will be rather mild tonight with some cold advection in the northwest late. However, there will be little recovery Thursday, so it will feel drastically cooler with highs in the 60s, clouds and gusty northwest winds. Winds will stay up Thursday night, so lows will be near normal, but the surface high will settle overhead late Friday and Friday night. Friday will see below normal temperatures despite full sun, and Friday night will be see the coolest readings. Most of the area will be near 40, with some locations dropping into the upper 30s. Dewpoints are expected to be in the upper 30s throughout the area, so lows may trend even lower with time. This could be the first potentially frosty night of the fall. .LONG TERM...(Saturday through Wednesday) Issued at 256 PM CDT Wed Oct 19 2016 Above average confidence in the extended period. Recent operational deterministic and ensemble mean runs are in agreement for the general synoptic pattern over the weekend and through the beginning of next week. An H500 ridge moves in, bringing NW flow early Saturday behind the deep, departing H500 trough. Daytime temperatures will be a bit cooler than normal Saturday with highs in the mid to upper 60s. May see 70 degrees in some locations, depending on how quickly southerly sfc flow returns. For Sunday through Tuesday, our forecast area remains in warm southerly sfc flow and relatively dry northwest flow aloft. With a clipper passing well to our northeast and high pressure set up in the Southeast through this period, we will likely see a relatively breezy Sunday. Overall this pattern means our forecast will stay mild and dry through this period. Starting in the middle to the end of next week, we start seeing hints of the next potential rain chances, but uncertainty is still great as model solutions diverge significantly regarding a deepening trough along the West Coast. Temperatures bottom out Saturday morning with lows near 40 degrees. Temperatures for Sunday through the middle of next week will be slightly above normal, with highs in the lower to middle 70s, and lows in the lower to middle 50s. && .AVIATION... Issued at 104 PM CDT Wed Oct 19 2016 The general trend in the guidance today is to hold off the arrival of the cold front and any precipitation at the TAF sites. Will therefore hold off on its arrival and any precipitation until the overnight hours. Not sure how much TS there will be at this time, so will maintain the VCTS treatment for 3-4 hours late tonight and into the morning hours Thursday. Guidance is bullish for IFR conditions behind the front, but confidence is not that great, so have limited IFR to KEVV and KOWB in the morning hours. Gusty northwest winds should develop at all sites through the morning. && .PAH WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... IL...None. MO...None. IN...None. KY...None. && $$ SHORT TERM...DRS LONG TERM...BP2 AVIATION...DRS
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service SAN ANGELO TX
331 PM CDT WED OCT 19 2016 .SHORT TERM... (Tonight and Thursday) It has been another warm day across West Central Texas with highs in the mid and upper 80s, but that still makes it 5-10 degrees cooler than the record readings from Tuesday for some locations. All eyes on the cold front now moving through the Panhandle, where temperatures are in the 60s as of 3 PM. Front should reach the northern Big Country shortly before midnight, the Abilene and Sweetwater areas shortly after midnight, and then race south to along I-10 by sunrise. As we have mentioned in precious days, forcing for convection looks to come mainly from the front itself, which is something the models often have some difficulty handling. The mesoscale HRRR and the TTU-WRF show scattered convection, mainly across the eastern half of the area, and will use this as a first guess for convection tonight. Already carrying chance PoPs and will boost these slightly for the far eastern portions of the area around Brownwood. Convection may linger into Thursday morning across the southern half of the area, but should be gone pretty quickly. Much cooler with highs in the low to mid 70s. This is based on the idea that morning stratus behind the front dissipates as drier air works its way into the area. If this doesn`t happen, then highs may need to be adjusted down a few degrees. .LONG TERM... (Thursday Night through Wednesday) Post-frontal morning lows on Friday will be in the mid to upper 40s as upper high pressure and dry weather builds over the area from the west. Highs on Friday will be in the mid 70s with temperatures Saturday through Wednesday warming into the upper 70s to the lower 80s...normal highs for this time of year are in the upper 70s. Morning lows will be in mid 50s on Monday with lows in the lower 60s by Tuesday morning...normal lows being in the lower 50s. Dry weather will persist through mid-week. The upper level ridge will broaden over the central states on Monday with the ridge axis slowly moving over the eastern states by mid-week. Low to mid-level moisture will begin building back over the forecast area Sunday through mid-week. Precipitation chances should remain west of the forecast area through the first half of next week...along the dryline that will stretch from far West Texas northeast across southeastern New Mexico and into the northern Panhandle. 15 && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... Abilene 57 72 47 73 / 40 10 0 0 San Angelo 59 74 46 75 / 30 20 0 0 Junction 61 72 46 74 / 30 20 0 0 Brownwood 61 73 46 73 / 40 20 0 0 Sweetwater 57 72 49 73 / 30 5 0 0 Ozona 60 73 46 74 / 20 20 0 0 && .SJT Watches/Warnings/Advisories... None. && $$