Forecast Discussions mentioning any of "HRRR" "RAP" "RR" "RUC13" "RUC" received at GSD on 05/30/16

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Grand Junction CO
445 PM MDT SUN MAY 29 2016

.SHORT TERM...(This evening through Monday night)
Issued at 303 PM MDT Sun May 29 2016

Split troughy pattern over the Rockies will progress eastward
over the next couple of days. The southern closed low trekking
across SoCal today will allow for some added instability late
Monday afternoon and through the night with pieces of energy
pushing in to the northern Four Corners ahead of the unstable air
mass. As mentioned in the previous forecast discussion overall
the models have downscaled activity for Monday afternoon, but
with the vort kickers and ever so slightly increased bulk shear I
would expect more activity than today. High and low temperatures
will remain around normal over the next few days.

.LONG TERM...(Tuesday through Sunday)
Issued at 303 PM MDT Sun May 29 2016

The closed low will stall over Arizona, propagate southward,
and stay south of our forecast area through Wednesday before it
weakens. During this time frame, afternoon convection should stay
anchored over the higher terrain for the most part. In the
meantime, 500 mb heights strengthen high pressure over the
western US and qill slowly shift its axis over eastern Utah and
western Colorado by next weekend. Summer-like weather will truly
show up late this week and next weekend as temperatures soar into
the 90s across the lower valleys and into the upper 60s in the
high mountains.

&&

.AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Monday evening)
Issued at 439 PM MDT Sun May 29 2016

Scattered showers and thunderstorms will continue across the area
through about 03z this evening. Storms will be focused most
strongly over the mountains of western CO and northeast Utah. The
strongest cells will be capable producing outflow winds to 40 MPH
and will briefly obscure mountains. Brief MVFR vsbys and ils cigs
are possible at kase...kege...kril...ktex and kvel. After 03z
storms will dissipate and winds will transition to light and
terrain driven. Similar shower and thunderstorms development is
expected after 17Z Monday.

&&

.GJT Watches/Warnings/Advisories...
CO...None.
UT...None.
&&

$$

SHORT TERM...JAM
LONG TERM...JAM
AVIATION...CC



Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Grand Junction CO 1036 AM MDT SUN MAY 29 2016 .SHORT TERM...(Today through Monday) Issued at 321 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 A pair of troughs organizing over the western NOAM in British Columbia and just off the central California coast. Shortwave ridging extends across the southern Rockies and 4 Corners region where it will persist through the day. The stronger northern stream wave will begin to swing westward and dig into the northern Rockies states through the short term period...which will help drag the southern system off the coast and into the Desert Southwest. This split pattern is not favorable for strong ascent to move over our CWA and this will keep afternoon showers and thunderstorms isolated to scattered the next few days. Some weak ascent is moving across our southern tier of zones this morning as the sub-trop jet is lifting across the Baja into the Southern Plains. Feel forecast is in good shape with no major changes at this time. Temperatures should warm very close to normal both today and Monday afternoon. There could be a small uptick in convection on Monday as the two system briefly phase...but for the most part models trends have been for a downturn in precipitation coverage for Monday afternoon. .LONG TERM...(Monday night through Saturday) Issued at 321 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 The persistent southwest flow will continue to carry modest moisture into the region through Tuesday. Behind these features, a ridge of high pressure will develop along the west coast early in the work week and then move into the Great Basin by midweek. This high pressure center will continue to strengthen and will remain to our west through the end of the period. As a result, temperatures will top out a few degrees above normal late in the week. Less, but sufficient moisture will remain over the region for a slight chance of mainly mountain showers and thunderstorms each afternoon into next weekend. && .AVIATION...(For the 18Z TAFS through 18Z Monday afternoon) Issued at 1036 MDT Sun May 29 2016 VFR conditions will prevail at airports across eastern Utah and western Colorado through the next 24 hours. However, daytime warming and residual moisture will combine to generate scattered showers and thunderstorms over the higher terrain from 18Z through 03Z this evening. The strongest cells will be capable producing outflow winds to 35 MPH and will briefly obscure mountains. Otherwise, winds will be relatively light and terrain driven. && .GJT Watches/Warnings/Advisories... CO...None. UT...None. && $$ SHORT TERM...15 LONG TERM...EH AVIATION...NL
  [top] Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Denver/Boulder CO 351 AM MDT SUN MAY 29 2016 .SHORT TERM...(Today and tonight) Issued at 351 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 Westerly flow aloft will become southerly later today and tonight as an upper level low moves across southern California. Water vapor satellite imagery is showing a weak short wave trough over southwest New Mexico. Models show this wave lifting northeast through the day. This wave may help trigger storms over southern parts of the area. Airmass becomes unstable again this afternoon with CAPE values up to 1000 J/kg. Could see slightly higher values over the eastern plains if more moisture advects into the area. Overall, expect similar thunderstorm coverage as yesterday, mainly scattered storms. There will be a little better chance for hail with the storms today because of the increased CAPE. However CAPE and shear will be on lower side, so not expecting severe storms. However, can`t rule out one or two storms just reaching severe threshold over the eastern plains. As far as temperatures go, highs will be 2 to 6 degrees warmer today. .LONG TERM...(Monday through Saturday) Issued at 351 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 Low amplitude upper level ridge shifts east of Colorado on Monday allowing a long wave upper trough to pass over the region Monday night and Tuesday. The closed low associated with this trough over western Arizona is forecast to weaken as it tracks slowly southeast towards the U.S./Mexico border...while the upper low over western Montana is projected to gain strength as its drops southeast clipping nern Wyoming along the way. Monday should start out dry and mild across the CWA with near zonal flow aloft. Then as temperatures quickly warm should see scattered showers/t-storms blossoming over the high terrain around midday. Should see some of this convection carried off the Front Range during the afternoon tied to a weak disturbance embedded in the wly flow aloft. By evening could see some intensification in these t-storms as they advance into higher dewpts and steeper lapse rates across far eastern sections of the CWA. Cannot rule out a few hail and heavy rain producers in this area during the evening hours. As the northern low passes to our north Monday night...northerly flow on its back side drives a cold front through nern Colorado during the pre-dawn hours. Synoptic scale forcing for ascent appears weak with the upper trough...however during the day Tuesday models show a deepening northeasterly/upslope flow on the plains producing a heavy cloud cover and cooler temperatures as well as areas of light precip. Most of this showery precip is expected to fall east of the Continental Divide late Monday night and much of Tuesday with 12-hour precip totals generally a quarter inch or less. Could see locally heavier amounts in the foothills to the west and southwest of Denver. Farther out on the plains...amounts anywhere from a trace to a tenth of an inch. High temperatures go from around average on Monday to as much as 10-12 degs f below average on Tuesday...with the greatest cooling likely to occur east of the Cont Dvd. Tuesday night and beyond...the upper trough shifts over the northern Great Plains allowing an upper level ridge to gain strength over the Great Basin. Models show this building ridge with its warmer temperatures and drier air migrating eastward over Colorado by Friday. Should see a significant reduction in cloud cover and limited chances for showers/t-storms with its arrival. Guidance indicates highs both days in the low to mid-80s on the plains of northeast Colorado. && .AVIATION...(For the 06Z TAFS through 06Z Sunday night) Issued at 351 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 Scattered thunderstorms are expected to form over the higher terrain and spread eastward through the afternoon and evening. Best time for thunderstorms in the Denver area is 21z-01z. Will go with a PROB30 in the TAFs at this time. The storms will be capable of heavy rain, small hail and wind gusts to 35 knots. Winds will generally be southerly today at KDEN, except when outflow winds from showers and storms occur. && .BOU Watches/Warnings/Advisories... None. && $$ SHORT TERM...Meier LONG TERM...Baker AVIATION...Meier
Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Grand Junction CO 322 AM MDT SUN MAY 29 2016 .SHORT TERM...(Today through Monday) Issued at 321 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 A pair of troughs organizing over the western NOAM in British Columbia and just off the central California coast. Shortwave ridging extends across the southern Rockies and 4 Corners region where it will persist through the day. The stronger northern stream wave will begin to swing westward and dig into the northern Rockies states through the short term period...which will help drag the southern system off the coast and into the Desert Southwest. This split pattern is not favorable for strong ascent to move over our CWA and this will keep afternoon showers and thunderstorms isolated to scattered the next few days. Some weak ascent is moving across our southern tier of zones this morning as the sub-trop jet is lifting across the Baja into the Southern Plains. Feel forecast is in good shape with no major changes at this time. Temperatures should warm very close to normal both today and Monday afternoon. There could be a small uptick in convection on Monday as the two system briefly phase...but for the most part models trends have been for a downturn in precipitation coverage for Monday afternoon. && .LONG TERM...(Monday night through Saturday) Issued at 321 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 The persistent southwest flow will continue to carry modest moisture into the region through Tuesday. Behind these features, a ridge of high pressure will develop along the west coast early in the work week and then move into the Great Basin by midweek. This high pressure center will continue to strengthen and will remain to our west through the end of the period. As a result, temperatures will top out a few degrees above normal late in the week. Less, but sufficient moisture will remain over the region for a slight chance of mainly mountain showers and thunderstorms each afternoon into next weekend. && .AVIATION...(For the 12Z TAFS through 12Z Monday Morning) Issued at 321 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 Visual Flight Rules will dominate the forecast over the next 24 hours at the forecast terminals. Instability from heating of the day and residual moisture will again lead to isolated and scattered thunderstorm development over the region...favoring the higher terrain. Gusty outflow winds to 40 mph will be more of a threat than heavy rainfall...therefor probabilities are quite low for VFR conditions to be compromised. ILS break points may be temporary met by passing showers at the KASE KRIL and KEGE terminals. && .GJT Watches/Warnings/Advisories... CO...None. UT...None. && $$ SHORT TERM...15 LONG TERM...EH AVIATION...TGJT
Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Denver/Boulder CO 827 PM MDT SAT MAY 28 2016 .UPDATE... Issued at 825 PM MDT Sat May 28 2016 Still some decent storms on the plains, mainly in pockets of untapped air. Activity is decreasing overall. I will need to add some low pops to the northeast corner for a few hours after midnight in case the current activity around Greeley persists or there is the redevelopment that the HRRR has been showing on weak outflows coming back in from the northeast. Already added in the evening showers over the mountains but these should be much less by midnight. Rest of the forecast is looking good. && .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Sunday) Issued at 321 PM MDT Sat May 28 2016 Have seen isolated-scattered showers and a few thunderstorms form over the mountains and drift eastward out onto the plains over the past couple hours. Should continue seeing this activity for a few more hours. Brief heavy rains and small hail will be the main threats through the early evening. Loss of daytime heating through the evening will allow showers to come to an end by mid-evening. Weak westerly flow aloft will continue over the state again on Sunday, with enough moisture and instability for showers to develop over the mountains and move over the plains. Model soundings show CAPE values over 2000 j/kg, so there should be a bit more strength to the showers that develop. Winds aloft will be weak, so the threat of locally heavier rain will increase. Precipitable water values are also forecast to be above .75 inches late in the afternoon and early evening. The GFS and ECMWF models are not as wet as the NAM solutions, so will temper the PoPs back a little bit across the northeast Colorado plains, in case the shower activity remains in and near the foothill areas. Otherwise, temperatures will be around seasonal normals. .LONG TERM...(Sunday night through Saturday) Issued at 321 PM MDT Sat May 28 2016 There is weak west-southwesterly flow aloft progged for the forecast area Sunday night and Monday. By Monday night well into Tuesday...an upper trough will move into Colorado and the CWA. The flow aloft stays weak. By 12z Tuesday morning, the upper trough is through and there is northwesterly flow aloft. There is weak upward QG motion in the synoptic scale Sunday night into Tuesday evening, before downward motion moves in by 12z Wednesday morning. The boundary layer flow will likely adhere to normal diurnal patterns Sunday night through Monday evening. Models show a decent cold front with north-northeasterly upslope winds behind it moving down across the plains and foothills from 06Z to 09Z. The upslope is progged to continue all day Tuesday and Tuesday night. For moisture, there is quite a bit over all the CWA through Tuesday evening, then it decreases overnight. There is fairly decent cape progged for much of the CWA Sunday evening and late day Monday. The only decent cape for late day Tuesday is over the mountains and foothills. The lapse rates are pretty steep much of the time, except for the plains on Tuesday. It looks somewhat stable behind the front in the upslope. The best QPF coverage for the CWA is progged for late day Monday. There are decent amounts of measurable rainfall in the mountains late day Tuesday as well. for pops...will go with 30-60%s in the mountains Sunday evening, late day Monday and late day Tuesday. The plains will have 10-40%s for those three periods. For temperatures, Monday`s highs are 0-2 C warmer than Sunday`s highs. Tuesday`s readings are 2-6 C colder than Monday`s. For the later days, Wednesday through Saturday, models have northwesterly flow aloft for the forecast area, with an upper ridge to our west moving towards Colorado. The ridge axis stays west of our state over Utah through Saturday. The airmass over the CWA dries out quite a bit and warms up to slightly above normal temperatures by Friday and Saturday. && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Sunday evening) Issued at 825 PM MDT Sat May 28 2016 VFR through Sunday. Still some showers and thunderstorms around mainly east of Denver for the next couple of hours, but very low chance of anything affecting the Denver area terminals. Widely scattered storms expected again late Sunday afternoon with short lived impacts of heavy rain, small hail, and wind gusts to 40 knots possible with some of the storms. && .BOU Watches/Warnings/Advisories... None. && $$ UPDATE...Gimmestad SHORT TERM...Dankers LONG TERM...RJK AVIATION...Gimmestad Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Pueblo CO 1123 PM MDT SUN MAY 29 2016 .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Monday) Issued at 237 PM MDT Sun May 29 2016 ...Chance for strong to severe thunderstorms increases for Monday across the plains... Embedded shortwave ejecting northeast into CO has fired off showers and thunderstorms over the mountains. Strongest convection this afternoon is expected to fire along and east of a dryline across the far eastern counties. SPC meso analysis shows around 1500-2500 J/kg across the far southeast counties of eastern Las Animas, Baca and Prowers counties as of 20z. Effective bulk shears will be running around 30-40 kts, especially if sfc winds can shift a bit southeasterly, so potential exists for an isolated severe thunderstorm through the early evening. Otherwise, expect isolated to scattered showers and thunderstorms with some small hail and gusty winds possible. Thunderstorms should diminish overnight. Monday will be a similar set up to today. Upper low over SW CA will move eastward into AZ, at the same time a northern stream upper trof drops into the northern U.S. Rockies. With approach of these systems, suspect sfc winds will stay more southeasterly on Monday which may serve to keep 40s to mid 50 sfc dew points across the southeast plains to the north of a sfc boundary which will run along the highway 50 corridor, southeastward to Kim by afternoon. Mid level winds look a little weak, which may limit deep layer shear some. But with CAPES running from 800-2000+ J/KG, this could lead to a couple severe thunderstorms again Monday afternoon. Best threat area will be to the east of La Junta, but depending on how much low level moisture can be maintained farther west, its possible that portions of El Paso county could see a strong to severe thunderstorm Monday afternoon as well. Highest pops will be across the mountains, El Paso county and the far eastern plains Monday afternoon. .LONG TERM...(Monday night through Sunday) Issued at 237 PM MDT Sun May 29 2016 ...Wet weather for Tuesday/Tuesday Night for SE Mountains/Adjacent Plains... Upper low across MT/WY will move eastward into the Dakotas by Tues morning while trailing trof/upper low slowly meanders eastward over AZ. Northern stream system will drop a cold front through the southeast plains Monday night/Tuesday morning, though initially appears northerly surge will be influenced more by convective outflows from thunderstorms along the Palmer Divide and northeast CO, with cooler air lagging until late Monday night/Tuesday morning. Will keep thunderstorms going across the southeast plains as there will probably be enough convergence along the boundary for thunderstorm initiation. Best chance for any severe thunderstorms Monday evening will be east of La Junta again where deeper moisture will reside. Could also see a strong storm or two along the Palmer Divide, but this will depend on how much low level moisture is maintained. Models in better agreement on Tuesday, driving the front well southward into NE NM by 18z Tues. Should see upslope showers/thunderstorms develop over the southeast mountains fairly early in the day. However, suspect that Northerly surface winds will also send some modestly drier air into the southeast plains during the afternoon. Theta E ridge/axis of higher dew points will likely reside across NE NM/TX Panhandle region, along and north of the frontal boundary. Still plenty of moisture/instability over the mountain, particularly the SE Mts, for fairly widespread showers and thunderstorms on Tuesday. Could be a strong storm or two over the mountains as well though think CAPE is overdone in the NAM. Both NAM and GFS carry precipitation into the overnight hours across the southeast mountains/adjacent plains, though 12z GFS looks convectively contaminated after 06z given its over an inch bulls eye over the Pikes Peak region and Wet mountains. More likely scenario will be for focus to be shifting southward along the SE Mts/I-25 corridor during the overnight hours with Wets and southern Sangre De Cristo mountains seeing max precipitation during the overnight hours. Main concern besides a strong to marginally severe storm or two Tuesday afternoon will be the potential for heavy rainfall on area burn scars. NE flow would tend to favor the Wets and Sangres for this risk...but Waldo burn scar will also be under the threat. Otherwise far eastern plains may end up being too cool and stable for much more than isolated rain showers Tuesday/Tuesday night. Snow levels Tuesday night look to stay around 10kft, possibly dropping to 9Kft Wednesday morning. Higher elevations above 10kft could pick up several inches of wet snow. Wednesday looks cool and stable across the plains, but continued unsettled over the mountains with another round of scattered showers and thundestorms. Upper ridge will build over the western U.S from Thursday through next weekend bringing a good warm up for the region. Still enough moisture for isolated to low end scattered thunderstorms mainly over the mountains each day. -KT && .AVIATION...(For the 06Z TAFS through 06Z Monday night) Issued at 1118 PM MDT Sun May 29 2016 VFR conditions expected at taf sites overnight, with light drainage flows developing by sunrise Mon. Tsra will develop over the higher terrain after 18z Mon, with a few storms spreading to lower elevations late in the day. KCOS has the best chance for a storm during the day, though have included a vcts mention at all taf sites for a few hrs mid/late afternoon. Main threat with any storms will be gusty outflow winds, as low levels along I-25 and and westward will stay fairly dry. Convection will shift east onto the plains Mon evening, with clearing skies at all taf sites after 00z. && .PUB Watches/Warnings/Advisories... NONE. && $$ SHORT TERM...KT LONG TERM...KT AVIATION...PETERSEN
  [top] Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Grand Junction CO 445 PM MDT SUN MAY 29 2016 .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Monday night) Issued at 303 PM MDT Sun May 29 2016 Split troughy pattern over the Rockies will progress eastward over the next couple of days. The southern closed low trekking across SoCal today will allow for some added instability late Monday afternoon and through the night with pieces of energy pushing in to the northern Four Corners ahead of the unstable air mass. As mentioned in the previous forecast discussion overall the models have downscaled activity for Monday afternoon, but with the vort kickers and ever so slightly increased bulk shear I would expect more activity than today. High and low temperatures will remain around normal over the next few days. .LONG TERM...(Tuesday through Sunday) Issued at 303 PM MDT Sun May 29 2016 The closed low will stall over Arizona, propagate southward, and stay south of our forecast area through Wednesday before it weakens. During this time frame, afternoon convection should stay anchored over the higher terrain for the most part. In the meantime, 500 mb heights strengthen high pressure over the western US and qill slowly shift its axis over eastern Utah and western Colorado by next weekend. Summer-like weather will truly show up late this week and next weekend as temperatures soar into the 90s across the lower valleys and into the upper 60s in the high mountains. && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Monday evening) Issued at 439 PM MDT Sun May 29 2016 Scattered showers and thunderstorms will continue across the area through about 03z this evening. Storms will be focused most strongly over the mountains of western CO and northeast Utah. The strongest cells will be capable producing outflow winds to 40 MPH and will briefly obscure mountains. Brief MVFR vsbys and ils cigs are possible at kase...kege...kril...ktex and kvel. After 03z storms will dissipate and winds will transition to light and terrain driven. Similar shower and thunderstorms development is expected after 17Z Monday. && .GJT Watches/Warnings/Advisories... CO...None. UT...None. && $$ SHORT TERM...JAM LONG TERM...JAM AVIATION...CC
Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Grand Junction CO 1036 AM MDT SUN MAY 29 2016 .SHORT TERM...(Today through Monday) Issued at 321 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 A pair of troughs organizing over the western NOAM in British Columbia and just off the central California coast. Shortwave ridging extends across the southern Rockies and 4 Corners region where it will persist through the day. The stronger northern stream wave will begin to swing westward and dig into the northern Rockies states through the short term period...which will help drag the southern system off the coast and into the Desert Southwest. This split pattern is not favorable for strong ascent to move over our CWA and this will keep afternoon showers and thunderstorms isolated to scattered the next few days. Some weak ascent is moving across our southern tier of zones this morning as the sub-trop jet is lifting across the Baja into the Southern Plains. Feel forecast is in good shape with no major changes at this time. Temperatures should warm very close to normal both today and Monday afternoon. There could be a small uptick in convection on Monday as the two system briefly phase...but for the most part models trends have been for a downturn in precipitation coverage for Monday afternoon. .LONG TERM...(Monday night through Saturday) Issued at 321 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 The persistent southwest flow will continue to carry modest moisture into the region through Tuesday. Behind these features, a ridge of high pressure will develop along the west coast early in the work week and then move into the Great Basin by midweek. This high pressure center will continue to strengthen and will remain to our west through the end of the period. As a result, temperatures will top out a few degrees above normal late in the week. Less, but sufficient moisture will remain over the region for a slight chance of mainly mountain showers and thunderstorms each afternoon into next weekend. && .AVIATION...(For the 18Z TAFS through 18Z Monday afternoon) Issued at 1036 MDT Sun May 29 2016 VFR conditions will prevail at airports across eastern Utah and western Colorado through the next 24 hours. However, daytime warming and residual moisture will combine to generate scattered showers and thunderstorms over the higher terrain from 18Z through 03Z this evening. The strongest cells will be capable producing outflow winds to 35 MPH and will briefly obscure mountains. Otherwise, winds will be relatively light and terrain driven. && .GJT Watches/Warnings/Advisories... CO...None. UT...None. && $$ SHORT TERM...15 LONG TERM...EH AVIATION...NL
  [top] Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Denver/Boulder CO 351 AM MDT SUN MAY 29 2016 .SHORT TERM...(Today and tonight) Issued at 351 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 Westerly flow aloft will become southerly later today and tonight as an upper level low moves across southern California. Water vapor satellite imagery is showing a weak short wave trough over southwest New Mexico. Models show this wave lifting northeast through the day. This wave may help trigger storms over southern parts of the area. Airmass becomes unstable again this afternoon with CAPE values up to 1000 J/kg. Could see slightly higher values over the eastern plains if more moisture advects into the area. Overall, expect similar thunderstorm coverage as yesterday, mainly scattered storms. There will be a little better chance for hail with the storms today because of the increased CAPE. However CAPE and shear will be on lower side, so not expecting severe storms. However, can`t rule out one or two storms just reaching severe threshold over the eastern plains. As far as temperatures go, highs will be 2 to 6 degrees warmer today. .LONG TERM...(Monday through Saturday) Issued at 351 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 Low amplitude upper level ridge shifts east of Colorado on Monday allowing a long wave upper trough to pass over the region Monday night and Tuesday. The closed low associated with this trough over western Arizona is forecast to weaken as it tracks slowly southeast towards the U.S./Mexico border...while the upper low over western Montana is projected to gain strength as its drops southeast clipping nern Wyoming along the way. Monday should start out dry and mild across the CWA with near zonal flow aloft. Then as temperatures quickly warm should see scattered showers/t-storms blossoming over the high terrain around midday. Should see some of this convection carried off the Front Range during the afternoon tied to a weak disturbance embedded in the wly flow aloft. By evening could see some intensification in these t-storms as they advance into higher dewpts and steeper lapse rates across far eastern sections of the CWA. Cannot rule out a few hail and heavy rain producers in this area during the evening hours. As the northern low passes to our north Monday night...northerly flow on its back side drives a cold front through nern Colorado during the pre-dawn hours. Synoptic scale forcing for ascent appears weak with the upper trough...however during the day Tuesday models show a deepening northeasterly/upslope flow on the plains producing a heavy cloud cover and cooler temperatures as well as areas of light precip. Most of this showery precip is expected to fall east of the Continental Divide late Monday night and much of Tuesday with 12-hour precip totals generally a quarter inch or less. Could see locally heavier amounts in the foothills to the west and southwest of Denver. Farther out on the plains...amounts anywhere from a trace to a tenth of an inch. High temperatures go from around average on Monday to as much as 10-12 degs f below average on Tuesday...with the greatest cooling likely to occur east of the Cont Dvd. Tuesday night and beyond...the upper trough shifts over the northern Great Plains allowing an upper level ridge to gain strength over the Great Basin. Models show this building ridge with its warmer temperatures and drier air migrating eastward over Colorado by Friday. Should see a significant reduction in cloud cover and limited chances for showers/t-storms with its arrival. Guidance indicates highs both days in the low to mid-80s on the plains of northeast Colorado. && .AVIATION...(For the 06Z TAFS through 06Z Sunday night) Issued at 351 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 Scattered thunderstorms are expected to form over the higher terrain and spread eastward through the afternoon and evening. Best time for thunderstorms in the Denver area is 21z-01z. Will go with a PROB30 in the TAFs at this time. The storms will be capable of heavy rain, small hail and wind gusts to 35 knots. Winds will generally be southerly today at KDEN, except when outflow winds from showers and storms occur. && .BOU Watches/Warnings/Advisories... None. && $$ SHORT TERM...Meier LONG TERM...Baker AVIATION...Meier
Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Grand Junction CO 322 AM MDT SUN MAY 29 2016 .SHORT TERM...(Today through Monday) Issued at 321 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 A pair of troughs organizing over the western NOAM in British Columbia and just off the central California coast. Shortwave ridging extends across the southern Rockies and 4 Corners region where it will persist through the day. The stronger northern stream wave will begin to swing westward and dig into the northern Rockies states through the short term period...which will help drag the southern system off the coast and into the Desert Southwest. This split pattern is not favorable for strong ascent to move over our CWA and this will keep afternoon showers and thunderstorms isolated to scattered the next few days. Some weak ascent is moving across our southern tier of zones this morning as the sub-trop jet is lifting across the Baja into the Southern Plains. Feel forecast is in good shape with no major changes at this time. Temperatures should warm very close to normal both today and Monday afternoon. There could be a small uptick in convection on Monday as the two system briefly phase...but for the most part models trends have been for a downturn in precipitation coverage for Monday afternoon. && .LONG TERM...(Monday night through Saturday) Issued at 321 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 The persistent southwest flow will continue to carry modest moisture into the region through Tuesday. Behind these features, a ridge of high pressure will develop along the west coast early in the work week and then move into the Great Basin by midweek. This high pressure center will continue to strengthen and will remain to our west through the end of the period. As a result, temperatures will top out a few degrees above normal late in the week. Less, but sufficient moisture will remain over the region for a slight chance of mainly mountain showers and thunderstorms each afternoon into next weekend. && .AVIATION...(For the 12Z TAFS through 12Z Monday Morning) Issued at 321 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 Visual Flight Rules will dominate the forecast over the next 24 hours at the forecast terminals. Instability from heating of the day and residual moisture will again lead to isolated and scattered thunderstorm development over the region...favoring the higher terrain. Gusty outflow winds to 40 mph will be more of a threat than heavy rainfall...therefor probabilities are quite low for VFR conditions to be compromised. ILS break points may be temporary met by passing showers at the KASE KRIL and KEGE terminals. && .GJT Watches/Warnings/Advisories... CO...None. UT...None. && $$ SHORT TERM...15 LONG TERM...EH AVIATION...TGJT
Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Denver/Boulder CO 827 PM MDT SAT MAY 28 2016 .UPDATE... Issued at 825 PM MDT Sat May 28 2016 Still some decent storms on the plains, mainly in pockets of untapped air. Activity is decreasing overall. I will need to add some low pops to the northeast corner for a few hours after midnight in case the current activity around Greeley persists or there is the redevelopment that the HRRR has been showing on weak outflows coming back in from the northeast. Already added in the evening showers over the mountains but these should be much less by midnight. Rest of the forecast is looking good. && .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Sunday) Issued at 321 PM MDT Sat May 28 2016 Have seen isolated-scattered showers and a few thunderstorms form over the mountains and drift eastward out onto the plains over the past couple hours. Should continue seeing this activity for a few more hours. Brief heavy rains and small hail will be the main threats through the early evening. Loss of daytime heating through the evening will allow showers to come to an end by mid-evening. Weak westerly flow aloft will continue over the state again on Sunday, with enough moisture and instability for showers to develop over the mountains and move over the plains. Model soundings show CAPE values over 2000 j/kg, so there should be a bit more strength to the showers that develop. Winds aloft will be weak, so the threat of locally heavier rain will increase. Precipitable water values are also forecast to be above .75 inches late in the afternoon and early evening. The GFS and ECMWF models are not as wet as the NAM solutions, so will temper the PoPs back a little bit across the northeast Colorado plains, in case the shower activity remains in and near the foothill areas. Otherwise, temperatures will be around seasonal normals. .LONG TERM...(Sunday night through Saturday) Issued at 321 PM MDT Sat May 28 2016 There is weak west-southwesterly flow aloft progged for the forecast area Sunday night and Monday. By Monday night well into Tuesday...an upper trough will move into Colorado and the CWA. The flow aloft stays weak. By 12z Tuesday morning, the upper trough is through and there is northwesterly flow aloft. There is weak upward QG motion in the synoptic scale Sunday night into Tuesday evening, before downward motion moves in by 12z Wednesday morning. The boundary layer flow will likely adhere to normal diurnal patterns Sunday night through Monday evening. Models show a decent cold front with north-northeasterly upslope winds behind it moving down across the plains and foothills from 06Z to 09Z. The upslope is progged to continue all day Tuesday and Tuesday night. For moisture, there is quite a bit over all the CWA through Tuesday evening, then it decreases overnight. There is fairly decent cape progged for much of the CWA Sunday evening and late day Monday. The only decent cape for late day Tuesday is over the mountains and foothills. The lapse rates are pretty steep much of the time, except for the plains on Tuesday. It looks somewhat stable behind the front in the upslope. The best QPF coverage for the CWA is progged for late day Monday. There are decent amounts of measurable rainfall in the mountains late day Tuesday as well. for pops...will go with 30-60%s in the mountains Sunday evening, late day Monday and late day Tuesday. The plains will have 10-40%s for those three periods. For temperatures, Monday`s highs are 0-2 C warmer than Sunday`s highs. Tuesday`s readings are 2-6 C colder than Monday`s. For the later days, Wednesday through Saturday, models have northwesterly flow aloft for the forecast area, with an upper ridge to our west moving towards Colorado. The ridge axis stays west of our state over Utah through Saturday. The airmass over the CWA dries out quite a bit and warms up to slightly above normal temperatures by Friday and Saturday. && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Sunday evening) Issued at 825 PM MDT Sat May 28 2016 VFR through Sunday. Still some showers and thunderstorms around mainly east of Denver for the next couple of hours, but very low chance of anything affecting the Denver area terminals. Widely scattered storms expected again late Sunday afternoon with short lived impacts of heavy rain, small hail, and wind gusts to 40 knots possible with some of the storms. && .BOU Watches/Warnings/Advisories... None. && $$ UPDATE...Gimmestad SHORT TERM...Dankers LONG TERM...RJK AVIATION...Gimmestad
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NWS Tulsa OK
1133 PM CDT SUN MAY 29 2016 .AVIATION... CONCERNING TAF SITES KTUL/KRVS/KBVO/KMLC/KXNA/KFYV/KFSM/KROG. Mainly VFR conditions will prevail through the forecast period. Isolated to scattered showers and thunderstorms will be possible just about any time, but have limited the mention to the most likely time frames. Brief MVFR or lower conditions will be possible within any thunderstorm. && .PREV DISCUSSION... /ISSUED 931 PM CDT SUN MAY 29 2016/ DISCUSSION... Diurnal convection across our area is on the decline this evening. Will maintain low pops overnight for the possibility of additional pop up activity, but severe weather is no longer expected. The large MCS across southwest Oklahoma and northwest Texas is likely to remain mainly to our west and south overnight. Update on the way. TSA Watches/Warnings/Advisories... OK...NONE. AR...NONE. $$ SHORT TERM...20 LONG TERM....05 && .TSA Watches/Warnings/Advisories... OK...NONE. AR...NONE. && $$ AVIATION...05
  [top] Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Norman OK 352 PM CDT SUN MAY 29 2016 .DISCUSSION... Complex convective forecast continues with little help from any model consistency or model agreement. Main area for convective impacts first period will be far western and southwest parts of Oklahoma and western north Texas as storms over Texas Panhandle tries to build east and southeast near edge of West Texas instability axis. Other areas of potential concentration will be south-central and southeast Oklahoma where slightly better moisture resides near weak outflow boundary. An outflow boundary from northern Oklahoma convection will also move slowly south toward the I-40 corridor of central Oklahoma and could be a focus for at least isolated thunderstorms. Majority of heavy rain will likely be west of the body of Oklahoma and western north Texas but eventual eastward progression of any MCS may affect southwest Oklahoma and western north Texas tonight. At this point we are not issuing a flood watch but slow moving storms tonight will yield the threat for heavy rain. Wet weather will continue through at least Wednesday before drier and cooler air filters in behind seasonably strong cold front. Convection Tuesday and Wednesday associated with this front will likely yield the greater threat for widespread heavy rain and need for flood watches. && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... Oklahoma City OK 64 81 64 81 / 30 40 30 60 Hobart OK 64 83 65 82 / 50 40 40 60 Wichita Falls TX 64 84 66 83 / 60 40 40 50 Gage OK 60 83 62 80 / 40 30 40 70 Ponca City OK 63 81 64 81 / 40 40 30 60 Durant OK 66 84 67 83 / 30 40 20 30 && .OUN Watches/Warnings/Advisories... OK...None. TX...None. && $$ 06/11
Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Norman OK 640 AM CDT SUN MAY 29 2016 .DISCUSSION... && .AVIATION... Showers over northwest Oklahoma will continue to drift southeast and may develop some thunder later this morning. Later this afternoon, thunderstorms on the dryline in Texas are expected to enter west central or southwest Oklahoma and drift southeast over night. mvfr conditions are generally expected over much of western and central Oklahoma. Outside of thunderstorms, winds will be southeast. && .PREV DISCUSSION... /issued 250 AM CDT SUN MAY 29 2016/ DISCUSSION... The morning`s forecast is dominated by the north Texas complex of thunderstorms. These are expected to slowly drift east/southeast and mostly dissipate later this morning. models are very disparate regarding location of rain and thunderstorms later today. while the deep moisture and dryline are givens, the impact of upslope boundary layer flow and a weak upper wave makes it difficult to place new initiation. the HRRR and nam indicate that a complex of thunderstorms will begin in the eastern oklahoma and texas panhandles and move through the western half of Oklahoma later today. These would move into southwest Oklahoma this evening and probably join with other storms moving east from the dryline in the central or southern Texas panhandle. Depending on storm location/movement some parts of north Texas could get heavy rainfall again Sunday night. Confidence is too low presently for a flood watch. Uncertainty is also high for Monday night and Tuesday morning when another weak upper wave is expected to pass through a similarly very wet airmass. Some enhancement has been made to pops in southwest Oklahoma and nearby Texas for another complex that may move off the dryline to the west of Oklahoma. By later Tuesday into early Wednesday there is still fair agreement on a front moving slowly through Oklahoma and bringing widespread rain and thunderstorms. The front should clear the Red River Wednesday night and bring somewhat drier and milder air for the rest of the week. && .PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS... Oklahoma City OK 82 64 82 65 / 50 30 40 30 Hobart OK 83 63 82 65 / 50 50 30 30 Wichita Falls TX 84 64 84 66 / 50 60 40 30 Gage OK 81 60 82 63 / 60 40 20 20 Ponca City OK 83 63 82 65 / 40 30 30 20 Durant OK 85 66 83 67 / 30 30 50 20 && .OUN Watches/Warnings/Advisories... OK...None. TX...None. && $$ 10/09/09 Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Pueblo CO 1123 PM MDT SUN MAY 29 2016 .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Monday) Issued at 237 PM MDT Sun May 29 2016 ...Chance for strong to severe thunderstorms increases for Monday across the plains... Embedded shortwave ejecting northeast into CO has fired off showers and thunderstorms over the mountains. Strongest convection this afternoon is expected to fire along and east of a dryline across the far eastern counties. SPC meso analysis shows around 1500-2500 J/kg across the far southeast counties of eastern Las Animas, Baca and Prowers counties as of 20z. Effective bulk shears will be running around 30-40 kts, especially if sfc winds can shift a bit southeasterly, so potential exists for an isolated severe thunderstorm through the early evening. Otherwise, expect isolated to scattered showers and thunderstorms with some small hail and gusty winds possible. Thunderstorms should diminish overnight. Monday will be a similar set up to today. Upper low over SW CA will move eastward into AZ, at the same time a northern stream upper trof drops into the northern U.S. Rockies. With approach of these systems, suspect sfc winds will stay more southeasterly on Monday which may serve to keep 40s to mid 50 sfc dew points across the southeast plains to the north of a sfc boundary which will run along the highway 50 corridor, southeastward to Kim by afternoon. Mid level winds look a little weak, which may limit deep layer shear some. But with CAPES running from 800-2000+ J/KG, this could lead to a couple severe thunderstorms again Monday afternoon. Best threat area will be to the east of La Junta, but depending on how much low level moisture can be maintained farther west, its possible that portions of El Paso county could see a strong to severe thunderstorm Monday afternoon as well. Highest pops will be across the mountains, El Paso county and the far eastern plains Monday afternoon. .LONG TERM...(Monday night through Sunday) Issued at 237 PM MDT Sun May 29 2016 ...Wet weather for Tuesday/Tuesday Night for SE Mountains/Adjacent Plains... Upper low across MT/WY will move eastward into the Dakotas by Tues morning while trailing trof/upper low slowly meanders eastward over AZ. Northern stream system will drop a cold front through the southeast plains Monday night/Tuesday morning, though initially appears northerly surge will be influenced more by convective outflows from thunderstorms along the Palmer Divide and northeast CO, with cooler air lagging until late Monday night/Tuesday morning. Will keep thunderstorms going across the southeast plains as there will probably be enough convergence along the boundary for thunderstorm initiation. Best chance for any severe thunderstorms Monday evening will be east of La Junta again where deeper moisture will reside. Could also see a strong storm or two along the Palmer Divide, but this will depend on how much low level moisture is maintained. Models in better agreement on Tuesday, driving the front well southward into NE NM by 18z Tues. Should see upslope showers/thunderstorms develop over the southeast mountains fairly early in the day. However, suspect that Northerly surface winds will also send some modestly drier air into the southeast plains during the afternoon. Theta E ridge/axis of higher dew points will likely reside across NE NM/TX Panhandle region, along and north of the frontal boundary. Still plenty of moisture/instability over the mountain, particularly the SE Mts, for fairly widespread showers and thunderstorms on Tuesday. Could be a strong storm or two over the mountains as well though think CAPE is overdone in the NAM. Both NAM and GFS carry precipitation into the overnight hours across the southeast mountains/adjacent plains, though 12z GFS looks convectively contaminated after 06z given its over an inch bulls eye over the Pikes Peak region and Wet mountains. More likely scenario will be for focus to be shifting southward along the SE Mts/I-25 corridor during the overnight hours with Wets and southern Sangre De Cristo mountains seeing max precipitation during the overnight hours. Main concern besides a strong to marginally severe storm or two Tuesday afternoon will be the potential for heavy rainfall on area burn scars. NE flow would tend to favor the Wets and Sangres for this risk...but Waldo burn scar will also be under the threat. Otherwise far eastern plains may end up being too cool and stable for much more than isolated rain showers Tuesday/Tuesday night. Snow levels Tuesday night look to stay around 10kft, possibly dropping to 9Kft Wednesday morning. Higher elevations above 10kft could pick up several inches of wet snow. Wednesday looks cool and stable across the plains, but continued unsettled over the mountains with another round of scattered showers and thundestorms. Upper ridge will build over the western U.S from Thursday through next weekend bringing a good warm up for the region. Still enough moisture for isolated to low end scattered thunderstorms mainly over the mountains each day. -KT && .AVIATION...(For the 06Z TAFS through 06Z Monday night) Issued at 1118 PM MDT Sun May 29 2016 VFR conditions expected at taf sites overnight, with light drainage flows developing by sunrise Mon. Tsra will develop over the higher terrain after 18z Mon, with a few storms spreading to lower elevations late in the day. KCOS has the best chance for a storm during the day, though have included a vcts mention at all taf sites for a few hrs mid/late afternoon. Main threat with any storms will be gusty outflow winds, as low levels along I-25 and and westward will stay fairly dry. Convection will shift east onto the plains Mon evening, with clearing skies at all taf sites after 00z. && .PUB Watches/Warnings/Advisories... NONE. && $$ SHORT TERM...KT LONG TERM...KT AVIATION...PETERSEN
  [top] Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Grand Junction CO 445 PM MDT SUN MAY 29 2016 .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Monday night) Issued at 303 PM MDT Sun May 29 2016 Split troughy pattern over the Rockies will progress eastward over the next couple of days. The southern closed low trekking across SoCal today will allow for some added instability late Monday afternoon and through the night with pieces of energy pushing in to the northern Four Corners ahead of the unstable air mass. As mentioned in the previous forecast discussion overall the models have downscaled activity for Monday afternoon, but with the vort kickers and ever so slightly increased bulk shear I would expect more activity than today. High and low temperatures will remain around normal over the next few days. .LONG TERM...(Tuesday through Sunday) Issued at 303 PM MDT Sun May 29 2016 The closed low will stall over Arizona, propagate southward, and stay south of our forecast area through Wednesday before it weakens. During this time frame, afternoon convection should stay anchored over the higher terrain for the most part. In the meantime, 500 mb heights strengthen high pressure over the western US and qill slowly shift its axis over eastern Utah and western Colorado by next weekend. Summer-like weather will truly show up late this week and next weekend as temperatures soar into the 90s across the lower valleys and into the upper 60s in the high mountains. && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Monday evening) Issued at 439 PM MDT Sun May 29 2016 Scattered showers and thunderstorms will continue across the area through about 03z this evening. Storms will be focused most strongly over the mountains of western CO and northeast Utah. The strongest cells will be capable producing outflow winds to 40 MPH and will briefly obscure mountains. Brief MVFR vsbys and ils cigs are possible at kase...kege...kril...ktex and kvel. After 03z storms will dissipate and winds will transition to light and terrain driven. Similar shower and thunderstorms development is expected after 17Z Monday. && .GJT Watches/Warnings/Advisories... CO...None. UT...None. && $$ SHORT TERM...JAM LONG TERM...JAM AVIATION...CC
Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Grand Junction CO 1036 AM MDT SUN MAY 29 2016 .SHORT TERM...(Today through Monday) Issued at 321 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 A pair of troughs organizing over the western NOAM in British Columbia and just off the central California coast. Shortwave ridging extends across the southern Rockies and 4 Corners region where it will persist through the day. The stronger northern stream wave will begin to swing westward and dig into the northern Rockies states through the short term period...which will help drag the southern system off the coast and into the Desert Southwest. This split pattern is not favorable for strong ascent to move over our CWA and this will keep afternoon showers and thunderstorms isolated to scattered the next few days. Some weak ascent is moving across our southern tier of zones this morning as the sub-trop jet is lifting across the Baja into the Southern Plains. Feel forecast is in good shape with no major changes at this time. Temperatures should warm very close to normal both today and Monday afternoon. There could be a small uptick in convection on Monday as the two system briefly phase...but for the most part models trends have been for a downturn in precipitation coverage for Monday afternoon. .LONG TERM...(Monday night through Saturday) Issued at 321 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 The persistent southwest flow will continue to carry modest moisture into the region through Tuesday. Behind these features, a ridge of high pressure will develop along the west coast early in the work week and then move into the Great Basin by midweek. This high pressure center will continue to strengthen and will remain to our west through the end of the period. As a result, temperatures will top out a few degrees above normal late in the week. Less, but sufficient moisture will remain over the region for a slight chance of mainly mountain showers and thunderstorms each afternoon into next weekend. && .AVIATION...(For the 18Z TAFS through 18Z Monday afternoon) Issued at 1036 MDT Sun May 29 2016 VFR conditions will prevail at airports across eastern Utah and western Colorado through the next 24 hours. However, daytime warming and residual moisture will combine to generate scattered showers and thunderstorms over the higher terrain from 18Z through 03Z this evening. The strongest cells will be capable producing outflow winds to 35 MPH and will briefly obscure mountains. Otherwise, winds will be relatively light and terrain driven. && .GJT Watches/Warnings/Advisories... CO...None. UT...None. && $$ SHORT TERM...15 LONG TERM...EH AVIATION...NL
  [top] Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Denver/Boulder CO 351 AM MDT SUN MAY 29 2016 .SHORT TERM...(Today and tonight) Issued at 351 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 Westerly flow aloft will become southerly later today and tonight as an upper level low moves across southern California. Water vapor satellite imagery is showing a weak short wave trough over southwest New Mexico. Models show this wave lifting northeast through the day. This wave may help trigger storms over southern parts of the area. Airmass becomes unstable again this afternoon with CAPE values up to 1000 J/kg. Could see slightly higher values over the eastern plains if more moisture advects into the area. Overall, expect similar thunderstorm coverage as yesterday, mainly scattered storms. There will be a little better chance for hail with the storms today because of the increased CAPE. However CAPE and shear will be on lower side, so not expecting severe storms. However, can`t rule out one or two storms just reaching severe threshold over the eastern plains. As far as temperatures go, highs will be 2 to 6 degrees warmer today. .LONG TERM...(Monday through Saturday) Issued at 351 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 Low amplitude upper level ridge shifts east of Colorado on Monday allowing a long wave upper trough to pass over the region Monday night and Tuesday. The closed low associated with this trough over western Arizona is forecast to weaken as it tracks slowly southeast towards the U.S./Mexico border...while the upper low over western Montana is projected to gain strength as its drops southeast clipping nern Wyoming along the way. Monday should start out dry and mild across the CWA with near zonal flow aloft. Then as temperatures quickly warm should see scattered showers/t-storms blossoming over the high terrain around midday. Should see some of this convection carried off the Front Range during the afternoon tied to a weak disturbance embedded in the wly flow aloft. By evening could see some intensification in these t-storms as they advance into higher dewpts and steeper lapse rates across far eastern sections of the CWA. Cannot rule out a few hail and heavy rain producers in this area during the evening hours. As the northern low passes to our north Monday night...northerly flow on its back side drives a cold front through nern Colorado during the pre-dawn hours. Synoptic scale forcing for ascent appears weak with the upper trough...however during the day Tuesday models show a deepening northeasterly/upslope flow on the plains producing a heavy cloud cover and cooler temperatures as well as areas of light precip. Most of this showery precip is expected to fall east of the Continental Divide late Monday night and much of Tuesday with 12-hour precip totals generally a quarter inch or less. Could see locally heavier amounts in the foothills to the west and southwest of Denver. Farther out on the plains...amounts anywhere from a trace to a tenth of an inch. High temperatures go from around average on Monday to as much as 10-12 degs f below average on Tuesday...with the greatest cooling likely to occur east of the Cont Dvd. Tuesday night and beyond...the upper trough shifts over the northern Great Plains allowing an upper level ridge to gain strength over the Great Basin. Models show this building ridge with its warmer temperatures and drier air migrating eastward over Colorado by Friday. Should see a significant reduction in cloud cover and limited chances for showers/t-storms with its arrival. Guidance indicates highs both days in the low to mid-80s on the plains of northeast Colorado. && .AVIATION...(For the 06Z TAFS through 06Z Sunday night) Issued at 351 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 Scattered thunderstorms are expected to form over the higher terrain and spread eastward through the afternoon and evening. Best time for thunderstorms in the Denver area is 21z-01z. Will go with a PROB30 in the TAFs at this time. The storms will be capable of heavy rain, small hail and wind gusts to 35 knots. Winds will generally be southerly today at KDEN, except when outflow winds from showers and storms occur. && .BOU Watches/Warnings/Advisories... None. && $$ SHORT TERM...Meier LONG TERM...Baker AVIATION...Meier
Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Grand Junction CO 322 AM MDT SUN MAY 29 2016 .SHORT TERM...(Today through Monday) Issued at 321 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 A pair of troughs organizing over the western NOAM in British Columbia and just off the central California coast. Shortwave ridging extends across the southern Rockies and 4 Corners region where it will persist through the day. The stronger northern stream wave will begin to swing westward and dig into the northern Rockies states through the short term period...which will help drag the southern system off the coast and into the Desert Southwest. This split pattern is not favorable for strong ascent to move over our CWA and this will keep afternoon showers and thunderstorms isolated to scattered the next few days. Some weak ascent is moving across our southern tier of zones this morning as the sub-trop jet is lifting across the Baja into the Southern Plains. Feel forecast is in good shape with no major changes at this time. Temperatures should warm very close to normal both today and Monday afternoon. There could be a small uptick in convection on Monday as the two system briefly phase...but for the most part models trends have been for a downturn in precipitation coverage for Monday afternoon. && .LONG TERM...(Monday night through Saturday) Issued at 321 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 The persistent southwest flow will continue to carry modest moisture into the region through Tuesday. Behind these features, a ridge of high pressure will develop along the west coast early in the work week and then move into the Great Basin by midweek. This high pressure center will continue to strengthen and will remain to our west through the end of the period. As a result, temperatures will top out a few degrees above normal late in the week. Less, but sufficient moisture will remain over the region for a slight chance of mainly mountain showers and thunderstorms each afternoon into next weekend. && .AVIATION...(For the 12Z TAFS through 12Z Monday Morning) Issued at 321 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 Visual Flight Rules will dominate the forecast over the next 24 hours at the forecast terminals. Instability from heating of the day and residual moisture will again lead to isolated and scattered thunderstorm development over the region...favoring the higher terrain. Gusty outflow winds to 40 mph will be more of a threat than heavy rainfall...therefor probabilities are quite low for VFR conditions to be compromised. ILS break points may be temporary met by passing showers at the KASE KRIL and KEGE terminals. && .GJT Watches/Warnings/Advisories... CO...None. UT...None. && $$ SHORT TERM...15 LONG TERM...EH AVIATION...TGJT
Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Denver/Boulder CO 827 PM MDT SAT MAY 28 2016 .UPDATE... Issued at 825 PM MDT Sat May 28 2016 Still some decent storms on the plains, mainly in pockets of untapped air. Activity is decreasing overall. I will need to add some low pops to the northeast corner for a few hours after midnight in case the current activity around Greeley persists or there is the redevelopment that the HRRR has been showing on weak outflows coming back in from the northeast. Already added in the evening showers over the mountains but these should be much less by midnight. Rest of the forecast is looking good. && .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Sunday) Issued at 321 PM MDT Sat May 28 2016 Have seen isolated-scattered showers and a few thunderstorms form over the mountains and drift eastward out onto the plains over the past couple hours. Should continue seeing this activity for a few more hours. Brief heavy rains and small hail will be the main threats through the early evening. Loss of daytime heating through the evening will allow showers to come to an end by mid-evening. Weak westerly flow aloft will continue over the state again on Sunday, with enough moisture and instability for showers to develop over the mountains and move over the plains. Model soundings show CAPE values over 2000 j/kg, so there should be a bit more strength to the showers that develop. Winds aloft will be weak, so the threat of locally heavier rain will increase. Precipitable water values are also forecast to be above .75 inches late in the afternoon and early evening. The GFS and ECMWF models are not as wet as the NAM solutions, so will temper the PoPs back a little bit across the northeast Colorado plains, in case the shower activity remains in and near the foothill areas. Otherwise, temperatures will be around seasonal normals. .LONG TERM...(Sunday night through Saturday) Issued at 321 PM MDT Sat May 28 2016 There is weak west-southwesterly flow aloft progged for the forecast area Sunday night and Monday. By Monday night well into Tuesday...an upper trough will move into Colorado and the CWA. The flow aloft stays weak. By 12z Tuesday morning, the upper trough is through and there is northwesterly flow aloft. There is weak upward QG motion in the synoptic scale Sunday night into Tuesday evening, before downward motion moves in by 12z Wednesday morning. The boundary layer flow will likely adhere to normal diurnal patterns Sunday night through Monday evening. Models show a decent cold front with north-northeasterly upslope winds behind it moving down across the plains and foothills from 06Z to 09Z. The upslope is progged to continue all day Tuesday and Tuesday night. For moisture, there is quite a bit over all the CWA through Tuesday evening, then it decreases overnight. There is fairly decent cape progged for much of the CWA Sunday evening and late day Monday. The only decent cape for late day Tuesday is over the mountains and foothills. The lapse rates are pretty steep much of the time, except for the plains on Tuesday. It looks somewhat stable behind the front in the upslope. The best QPF coverage for the CWA is progged for late day Monday. There are decent amounts of measurable rainfall in the mountains late day Tuesday as well. for pops...will go with 30-60%s in the mountains Sunday evening, late day Monday and late day Tuesday. The plains will have 10-40%s for those three periods. For temperatures, Monday`s highs are 0-2 C warmer than Sunday`s highs. Tuesday`s readings are 2-6 C colder than Monday`s. For the later days, Wednesday through Saturday, models have northwesterly flow aloft for the forecast area, with an upper ridge to our west moving towards Colorado. The ridge axis stays west of our state over Utah through Saturday. The airmass over the CWA dries out quite a bit and warms up to slightly above normal temperatures by Friday and Saturday. && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Sunday evening) Issued at 825 PM MDT Sat May 28 2016 VFR through Sunday. Still some showers and thunderstorms around mainly east of Denver for the next couple of hours, but very low chance of anything affecting the Denver area terminals. Widely scattered storms expected again late Sunday afternoon with short lived impacts of heavy rain, small hail, and wind gusts to 40 knots possible with some of the storms. && .BOU Watches/Warnings/Advisories... None. && $$ UPDATE...Gimmestad SHORT TERM...Dankers LONG TERM...RJK AVIATION...Gimmestad
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
National Weather Service Topeka KS
607 AM CDT MON MAY 30 2016 ...AVIATION UPDATE... .SHORT TERM...(Today and Tonight) Issued at 256 AM CDT MON MAY 30 2016 08Z water vapor imagery shows little chance to the overall pattern from 24 hours ago. There is still an upper low over southern CA and an upper trough moving across the northern Rockies leaving somewhat zonal and relatively weak flow over KS. At the surface, high pressure remains over the southern MS river valley with low pressure along the lee of the Rockies. This is allowing for a moist airmass to remain over the central plains. A conditionally unstable airmass is expected once again this afternoon with temps warming into the lower and mid 80s while dewpoints remain in the mid 60s. This should be good for CAPE values around 2000 J/kg. However 0-6 KM shear remains weak given the weak synoptic flow over the region. So once again the weather will be driven more by mesoscale features, and confidence of where exactly forcing or lift for storms will come from is low. With this in mind, have 30 to 40 percent POPs through the afternoon for possible scattered convection. If storms are able to form, they will once again pose a risk for hail as there looks to be plenty of instability (although the NAM looks to be overdone with dewpoints and hence the CAPE prog). But organized severe storms would be limited by the weak deep layer shear. Highs this afternoon are based on the RAP and NAM forecast soundings mixing the boundary layer to around 800MB and yesterdays highs making the upper 80s in some locations. If cloud cover is limited to the afternoon, the forecast could again be a degree or two on the cool side. Any afternoon convection should fall apart this evening with the stabilization of the boundary layer. Although models show a shortwave and frontal boundary moving into north central KS during the early morning hours Tuesday. The addition of some dynamics to the moist airmass should only increase chances for precip. And with most guidance showing showers and thunderstorms along the frontal boundary, the forecast has increasing POPs after 06Z from northwest to southeast across the forecast area. There does not appear to be a significant wind shift with any cold air advection until after 12Z Tuesday. Therefore lows are expected to be mild as southerly low level flow maintains a moist airmass. So have lows in the lower and middle 60s. The one caveat would be if a decent cold pool formed from convection with the front. This could cause lows to be several degrees cooler. Later shifts can look at this again. .LONG TERM...(Tuesday through Sunday) Issued at 256 AM CDT MON MAY 30 2016 On Tuesday, the mid level shortwave trough enters the western high plains. A cold front extending southward will push east through the region, providing the convergence and lift for widespread convection throughout the day. Timing from guidance still varies somewhat similar to yesterday`s model trends. The NAM appears to be the slow outlier and the ECMWF/GFS in similar agreement with the heaviest rainfall being in the afternoon. Ample moisture in place with PWAT values near 1.65 inches is about 150 percent of normal for this time of year. Moderate rainfall is likely at times which may produce a quick inch of rain, in addition to localized flooding and river flooding. Mid-level winds are not particularly strong, suggesting this boundary may move a bit slower, increasing the flood potential especially for north central areas. While shear profiles remain weak at 15-20 kts, ample instability with steep mid level lapse rates will support updrafts capable of producing large hail and damaging wind gusts through early evening. There may be lingering showers and thunderstorms over east central Kansas on Wednesday, but these should clear out as dry northwest flow enters the region. Highs will fall back Wednesday and Thursday into the 70s with lower humidity values and more comfortable conditions. Overnight lows will generally be in the 50s under clear skies. The upper ridge over the western CONUS begins to amplify by late week, essentially trapping the southern plains under a closed low and continual rainfall. Dry northwest flow centers over northeast Kansas where Gulf moisture is cutoff by the southern system. A mid level trough is progged to track south and east towards the Great Lakes during this time, dropping another cold front through for next weekend. Models are still inconsistent on available moisture and lift as the boundary comes through so have continued with dry pops. && .AVIATION...(For the 12Z TAFS through 12Z Tuesday Morning) Issued at 607 AM CDT MON MAY 30 2016 Have a VFR forecast with no mention of TS for now since there is low confidence in where afternoon convection might occur. The patchy ground fog is expected to quickly dissipate this morning leaving VFR conditions for the rest of the day. Models are hinting at some possible BR after midnight tonight. The NAM has a tendency to overdo the boundary layer moisture, so will let later shifts see if models continue to show low level saturation tonight. && .TOP Watches/Warnings/Advisories... NONE. && $$ SHORT TERM...Wolters LONG TERM...Prieto AVIATION...Wolters Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Pueblo CO 1147 AM MDT MON MAY 30 2016 .SHORT TERM...(Today and tonight) Issued at 343 AM MDT Mon May 30 2016 ...Strong to severe thunderstorms possible again this afternoon... Currently...quiet conditions exist across southern Colorado early this morning. Radar has indicated a few echoes back over the continental divide and into the San Luis Valley with a few sprinkles possible through sunrise. Temperatures are running in the upper 40s to lower 50s across much of the region. Today...two upper level disturbances, one over southern Arizona and one strengthening over the Northern Rockies, will set the stage for another round of showers and thunderstorms for southern Colorado this afternoon. The Arizona system will send weak energy and moisture northward into Colorado, while the northern system sends a cold front and shortwave trough south into northern Colorado. The dryline is forecast to set up across far eastern Colorado by mid afternoon. Models in decent agreement with the set up today, with showers and thunderstorms firing about 20z along the dryline, generally east of a La Junta to Kim line. Models are indicating CAPE values around 2000 j/kg along the Kansas border, however shear will be lacking and will likely limit the severe potential this afternoon. That being said, one or two strong to severe storms are possible, especially over eastern Las Animas into Baca Counties, with a secondary area favored over Kiowa County. Hail to one inch in diameter and wind gusts to 60 mph are possible with the strongest storms. Elsewhere, showers and thunderstorms are forecast to develop across the mountains by late morning and spread eastward into the I-25 corridor this afternoon and evening. Small hail, locally moderate to heavy rainfall and lightning will be the primary threats. Afternoon high temperatures will reach into the lower to mid 80s across much of the lower elevations. Tonight...thunderstorms associated with the dryline are forecast to track eastward into western Kansas during the evening hours, while showers and thunderstorms over the mountains and adjacent plains dissipate through midnight. Any severe threat near the Kansas border will diminish with sunset and as storms move to the east of the area. A cold front is forecast to drop south across the plains by Tuesday morning with a northeasterly wind shift. Models are hinting that the upslope moist flow behind the front will lead to shower development over the eastern mountains, Palmer Divide and Raton Mesa during the early morning hours. Overnight lows will be slightly cooler with mid to upper 40s for most areas. Mozley .LONG TERM...(Tuesday through Sunday) Issued at 343 AM MDT Mon May 30 2016 ...Cool and unsettled through Wednesday then warmer and drier... A disturbance and cold front are poised to impact the area Tuesday into Wednesday with cooler than average temperatures and decent chances for precipitation over much of the east. The best chance for precipitation will come Tuesday afternoon and night as a cold front descends southward through the plains, sending a strong surge of upslope flow southward. While previous model runs have had the main precipitation shield concentrated right along and near the east slopes of the mountains, gradually progressing southward with time, the 06Z NAM has now shifted the precipitation maximum eastward across the plains. Not sure what to think of this. I`m always a little leary of the intermediate 06Z model runs. Conceptually, with upslope flow, it makes sense to have the maximum precipitation back up against the mountains. However, if the precipitation area being depicted by the models is really more of an MCS type of feature, then it could conceivably track southeast across the plains, tied more to convective processes in the atmosphere and not so much tied to upslope forcing along the terrain. In any event, still a good chance of rain for many areas of the east late Tuesday and Tuesday night. I`m just not sure where the maximum precipitation will occur. Where it does occur, there will be the potential for locally heavy rain. Most of the precipitation should be over by Wednesday morning although some may still be falling over southern areas. However, this should decrease through the morning. The rest of Wednesday should be cloudy and cooler than average over the east. By late in the day, enough instability should build over the mountains for another round of afternoon and evening storms. However, with more stable air across the plains, any precipitation coming off of the mountains will probably not last too long once it starts to head east. Thursday through the weekend, a large, warm ridge of high pressure will build over the western U.S. and northern Rockies. This will result in a strong warmup across the area as well as decreasing thunderstorm chances. In fact, the air over the plains will likely dry enough for only very isolated activity during the period. The mountains, on the other hand, will see enough lift from the terrain to generate a little better coverage of storms. A lot of areas across the lower Arkansas River Valley from the Pueblo area eastward will probably be up around 90 degrees Friday through the weekend. && .AVIATION...(For the 18Z TAFS through 18Z Tuesday afternoon) Issued at 1106 AM MDT Mon May 30 2016 Another round of thunderstorms will be possible over the mountains and plains today, with KCOS and KALS most likely to be impacted by TSRA at the terminals. Gusty winds to 40 kts will be the most likely storm threat, though if storm takes a direct hit on the terminal could see brief MVFR VIS with brief heavy rainfall. TAFS will maintain VFR conditions for now. East of KLHX, there will be a better chance for a few strong to severe thunderstorms with wind gusts to around 50 kts and hail. A cold front will drop through the plains tonight with winds increasing from the north at both KCOS and KPUB between 09z-13z. This will bring in MVFR to local IFR CIGS for the Palmer Divide region which could spread into the KCOS area early Monday morning. For now think that northerly downslope winds off the Palmer should keep stratus to the north of the taf site. There will be a better chance for -SHRA/-TSRA at KCOS and KPUB tomorrow with CIGS dropping into the IFR category Tuesday evening. -KT && .PUB Watches/Warnings/Advisories... NONE. && $$ SHORT TERM...MOZLEY LONG TERM...LW AVIATION...KT
  [top] Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Denver/Boulder CO 1053 AM MDT MON MAY 30 2016 .UPDATE... Issued at 1053 AM MDT Mon May 30 2016 No need for any changes to the forecast at this time. Satellite imagery shows a short wave over northwest Colorado at the present time that will be moving out over the northeast plains during the afternoon hours. We should start seeing showers develop over the mountains in the next hour or so. Model soundings are showing around 1000-2000 j/kg of CAPE this afternoon, with higher values further to the east. With the higher CAPE values on the far eastern plains, the strongest storms will develop out there, later in the evening. && .SHORT TERM...(Today and tonight) Issued at 403 AM MDT Mon May 30 2016 The forecast area is in between weak short waves at the present time with mostly clear skies in place. However, the next short wave moving across Utah will arrive by this afternoon with increasing clouds and convection. Q-G fields show only slight if any lift, and most of that skirting by to our North and South. Nonetheless, satellite data would suggest at least an increase in mid level moisture so the higher PoPs in the forecast for today seem reasonable. Should see scattered shower and thunderstorm coverage develop first in the mountains by late morning and then spread/develop east across the plains shortly after noon. Low level moisture appears rather thin early this morning, so CAPE will likely erode along the Front Range to around 500 J/kg, while farther east on the plains toward Sterling, Akron, and Limon CAPE should hold closer to 1000 to perhaps 1500 J/kg keeping potential for one or two severe storms there. SPC outlook seems to depict this potential well. Strong gusty winds will be the main threat due to relatively high based storms and increasing mid level wind field, along with isolated large hail reports possible in areas of higher CAPE. For tonight, cold front will push south across the plains late this evening. Behind that, shallow and moist upslope regime should result in areas of stratus along with patchy drizzle or light showers, and areas of fog where stratus deck runs into the ground - namely the foothills. .LONG TERM...(Tuesday through Sunday) Issued at 403 AM MDT Mon May 30 2016 Upper level trough dropping in from the northwest and moist post-frontal anticyclonic upslope flow on the plains promises a cooler...cloudy and wet day Tuesday esply for areas east of the Continental Divide. Upslope flow on the plains is progged to be relatively shallow during the day...generally no more than 7000-8000 ft at its greatest depth Tuesday morning. Models show this shallow upslope flow becoming nearly saturated up against the Front Range during the morning hours. Without much forcing aloft or instability...the heavy deck of low clouds pushed up against the Front Range will probably produce not much more than light rain and/or drizzle...and even areas of fog during the morning hours. The fog should be concentrated in the foothills where visibilities may lower below a mile at times during the morning. Farther out on the plains the low cloud cover will not as thick nor as extensive and the chance of precip not as great. High country areas generally west of the Continental Divide should see less cloud cover and warmer temperatures on Tuesday...and with more sunshine a slight chance of t-storms by afternoon. Highs on the plains expected to be only in the 60s. Tuesday night and Wednesday...the upper trough shifts east by nighttime placing the forecast area under northwest flow aloft. Models show a weak mid-level disturbance embedded in this flow passing over the CWA during the evening hours. Could see some enhancement in shower activity including a few t-storms as a result. After midnight should see drier air spreading down from Wyoming resulting in gradual clearing from north-to-south by early Wednesday morning. During the day Wednesday...low-level flow on the plains turns sely as per models which could lead to isolated shower/t-storm development over and near the Front Range and across South Park by early to mid-afternoon. Temps on Wednesday should be a few degs warmer with the return of sunshine. Thursday through Sunday...the upper ridge building over the Great Plains will slowly migrate eastward during the period bringing warmer temperatures and drier air to the forecast area. The chance of t-storms should significantly drop off as daytime temperatures climb several degs above average. Temperature guidance gives highs in the low to mid-80s for the plains. Can`t see any reason to go against that. && .AVIATION...(For the 18Z TAFS through 18Z Tuesday afternoon) Issued at 1053 AM MDT Mon May 30 2016 Will hold onto the forecast of a round of thunderstorms moving across the Denver area late this afternoon. With a weak upper level disturbance moving across the area this afternoon, it will be difficult for thunderstorms to not develop. The storms will be high-based after moving off the foothills. Gusty winds and brief rain will be the main threats at the airports. && .BOU Watches/Warnings/Advisories... None. && $$ UPDATE...Dankers SHORT TERM...Barjenbruch LONG TERM...Baker AVIATION...Dankers
Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Pueblo CO 1123 PM MDT SUN MAY 29 2016 .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Monday) Issued at 237 PM MDT Sun May 29 2016 ...Chance for strong to severe thunderstorms increases for Monday across the plains... Embedded shortwave ejecting northeast into CO has fired off showers and thunderstorms over the mountains. Strongest convection this afternoon is expected to fire along and east of a dryline across the far eastern counties. SPC meso analysis shows around 1500-2500 J/kg across the far southeast counties of eastern Las Animas, Baca and Prowers counties as of 20z. Effective bulk shears will be running around 30-40 kts, especially if sfc winds can shift a bit southeasterly, so potential exists for an isolated severe thunderstorm through the early evening. Otherwise, expect isolated to scattered showers and thunderstorms with some small hail and gusty winds possible. Thunderstorms should diminish overnight. Monday will be a similar set up to today. Upper low over SW CA will move eastward into AZ, at the same time a northern stream upper trof drops into the northern U.S. Rockies. With approach of these systems, suspect sfc winds will stay more southeasterly on Monday which may serve to keep 40s to mid 50 sfc dew points across the southeast plains to the north of a sfc boundary which will run along the highway 50 corridor, southeastward to Kim by afternoon. Mid level winds look a little weak, which may limit deep layer shear some. But with CAPES running from 800-2000+ J/KG, this could lead to a couple severe thunderstorms again Monday afternoon. Best threat area will be to the east of La Junta, but depending on how much low level moisture can be maintained farther west, its possible that portions of El Paso county could see a strong to severe thunderstorm Monday afternoon as well. Highest pops will be across the mountains, El Paso county and the far eastern plains Monday afternoon. .LONG TERM...(Monday night through Sunday) Issued at 237 PM MDT Sun May 29 2016 ...Wet weather for Tuesday/Tuesday Night for SE Mountains/Adjacent Plains... Upper low across MT/WY will move eastward into the Dakotas by Tues morning while trailing trof/upper low slowly meanders eastward over AZ. Northern stream system will drop a cold front through the southeast plains Monday night/Tuesday morning, though initially appears northerly surge will be influenced more by convective outflows from thunderstorms along the Palmer Divide and northeast CO, with cooler air lagging until late Monday night/Tuesday morning. Will keep thunderstorms going across the southeast plains as there will probably be enough convergence along the boundary for thunderstorm initiation. Best chance for any severe thunderstorms Monday evening will be east of La Junta again where deeper moisture will reside. Could also see a strong storm or two along the Palmer Divide, but this will depend on how much low level moisture is maintained. Models in better agreement on Tuesday, driving the front well southward into NE NM by 18z Tues. Should see upslope showers/thunderstorms develop over the southeast mountains fairly early in the day. However, suspect that Northerly surface winds will also send some modestly drier air into the southeast plains during the afternoon. Theta E ridge/axis of higher dew points will likely reside across NE NM/TX Panhandle region, along and north of the frontal boundary. Still plenty of moisture/instability over the mountain, particularly the SE Mts, for fairly widespread showers and thunderstorms on Tuesday. Could be a strong storm or two over the mountains as well though think CAPE is overdone in the NAM. Both NAM and GFS carry precipitation into the overnight hours across the southeast mountains/adjacent plains, though 12z GFS looks convectively contaminated after 06z given its over an inch bulls eye over the Pikes Peak region and Wet mountains. More likely scenario will be for focus to be shifting southward along the SE Mts/I-25 corridor during the overnight hours with Wets and southern Sangre De Cristo mountains seeing max precipitation during the overnight hours. Main concern besides a strong to marginally severe storm or two Tuesday afternoon will be the potential for heavy rainfall on area burn scars. NE flow would tend to favor the Wets and Sangres for this risk...but Waldo burn scar will also be under the threat. Otherwise far eastern plains may end up being too cool and stable for much more than isolated rain showers Tuesday/Tuesday night. Snow levels Tuesday night look to stay around 10kft, possibly dropping to 9Kft Wednesday morning. Higher elevations above 10kft could pick up several inches of wet snow. Wednesday looks cool and stable across the plains, but continued unsettled over the mountains with another round of scattered showers and thundestorms. Upper ridge will build over the western U.S from Thursday through next weekend bringing a good warm up for the region. Still enough moisture for isolated to low end scattered thunderstorms mainly over the mountains each day. -KT && .AVIATION...(For the 06Z TAFS through 06Z Monday night) Issued at 1118 PM MDT Sun May 29 2016 VFR conditions expected at taf sites overnight, with light drainage flows developing by sunrise Mon. Tsra will develop over the higher terrain after 18z Mon, with a few storms spreading to lower elevations late in the day. KCOS has the best chance for a storm during the day, though have included a vcts mention at all taf sites for a few hrs mid/late afternoon. Main threat with any storms will be gusty outflow winds, as low levels along I-25 and and westward will stay fairly dry. Convection will shift east onto the plains Mon evening, with clearing skies at all taf sites after 00z. && .PUB Watches/Warnings/Advisories... NONE. && $$ SHORT TERM...KT LONG TERM...KT AVIATION...PETERSEN
  [top] Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Grand Junction CO 445 PM MDT SUN MAY 29 2016 .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Monday night) Issued at 303 PM MDT Sun May 29 2016 Split troughy pattern over the Rockies will progress eastward over the next couple of days. The southern closed low trekking across SoCal today will allow for some added instability late Monday afternoon and through the night with pieces of energy pushing in to the northern Four Corners ahead of the unstable air mass. As mentioned in the previous forecast discussion overall the models have downscaled activity for Monday afternoon, but with the vort kickers and ever so slightly increased bulk shear I would expect more activity than today. High and low temperatures will remain around normal over the next few days. .LONG TERM...(Tuesday through Sunday) Issued at 303 PM MDT Sun May 29 2016 The closed low will stall over Arizona, propagate southward, and stay south of our forecast area through Wednesday before it weakens. During this time frame, afternoon convection should stay anchored over the higher terrain for the most part. In the meantime, 500 mb heights strengthen high pressure over the western US and qill slowly shift its axis over eastern Utah and western Colorado by next weekend. Summer-like weather will truly show up late this week and next weekend as temperatures soar into the 90s across the lower valleys and into the upper 60s in the high mountains. && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Monday evening) Issued at 439 PM MDT Sun May 29 2016 Scattered showers and thunderstorms will continue across the area through about 03z this evening. Storms will be focused most strongly over the mountains of western CO and northeast Utah. The strongest cells will be capable producing outflow winds to 40 MPH and will briefly obscure mountains. Brief MVFR vsbys and ils cigs are possible at kase...kege...kril...ktex and kvel. After 03z storms will dissipate and winds will transition to light and terrain driven. Similar shower and thunderstorms development is expected after 17Z Monday. && .GJT Watches/Warnings/Advisories... CO...None. UT...None. && $$ SHORT TERM...JAM LONG TERM...JAM AVIATION...CC
Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Grand Junction CO 1036 AM MDT SUN MAY 29 2016 .SHORT TERM...(Today through Monday) Issued at 321 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 A pair of troughs organizing over the western NOAM in British Columbia and just off the central California coast. Shortwave ridging extends across the southern Rockies and 4 Corners region where it will persist through the day. The stronger northern stream wave will begin to swing westward and dig into the northern Rockies states through the short term period...which will help drag the southern system off the coast and into the Desert Southwest. This split pattern is not favorable for strong ascent to move over our CWA and this will keep afternoon showers and thunderstorms isolated to scattered the next few days. Some weak ascent is moving across our southern tier of zones this morning as the sub-trop jet is lifting across the Baja into the Southern Plains. Feel forecast is in good shape with no major changes at this time. Temperatures should warm very close to normal both today and Monday afternoon. There could be a small uptick in convection on Monday as the two system briefly phase...but for the most part models trends have been for a downturn in precipitation coverage for Monday afternoon. .LONG TERM...(Monday night through Saturday) Issued at 321 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 The persistent southwest flow will continue to carry modest moisture into the region through Tuesday. Behind these features, a ridge of high pressure will develop along the west coast early in the work week and then move into the Great Basin by midweek. This high pressure center will continue to strengthen and will remain to our west through the end of the period. As a result, temperatures will top out a few degrees above normal late in the week. Less, but sufficient moisture will remain over the region for a slight chance of mainly mountain showers and thunderstorms each afternoon into next weekend. && .AVIATION...(For the 18Z TAFS through 18Z Monday afternoon) Issued at 1036 MDT Sun May 29 2016 VFR conditions will prevail at airports across eastern Utah and western Colorado through the next 24 hours. However, daytime warming and residual moisture will combine to generate scattered showers and thunderstorms over the higher terrain from 18Z through 03Z this evening. The strongest cells will be capable producing outflow winds to 35 MPH and will briefly obscure mountains. Otherwise, winds will be relatively light and terrain driven. && .GJT Watches/Warnings/Advisories... CO...None. UT...None. && $$ SHORT TERM...15 LONG TERM...EH AVIATION...NL
Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Denver/Boulder CO 351 AM MDT SUN MAY 29 2016 .SHORT TERM...(Today and tonight) Issued at 351 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 Westerly flow aloft will become southerly later today and tonight as an upper level low moves across southern California. Water vapor satellite imagery is showing a weak short wave trough over southwest New Mexico. Models show this wave lifting northeast through the day. This wave may help trigger storms over southern parts of the area. Airmass becomes unstable again this afternoon with CAPE values up to 1000 J/kg. Could see slightly higher values over the eastern plains if more moisture advects into the area. Overall, expect similar thunderstorm coverage as yesterday, mainly scattered storms. There will be a little better chance for hail with the storms today because of the increased CAPE. However CAPE and shear will be on lower side, so not expecting severe storms. However, can`t rule out one or two storms just reaching severe threshold over the eastern plains. As far as temperatures go, highs will be 2 to 6 degrees warmer today. .LONG TERM...(Monday through Saturday) Issued at 351 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 Low amplitude upper level ridge shifts east of Colorado on Monday allowing a long wave upper trough to pass over the region Monday night and Tuesday. The closed low associated with this trough over western Arizona is forecast to weaken as it tracks slowly southeast towards the U.S./Mexico border...while the upper low over western Montana is projected to gain strength as its drops southeast clipping nern Wyoming along the way. Monday should start out dry and mild across the CWA with near zonal flow aloft. Then as temperatures quickly warm should see scattered showers/t-storms blossoming over the high terrain around midday. Should see some of this convection carried off the Front Range during the afternoon tied to a weak disturbance embedded in the wly flow aloft. By evening could see some intensification in these t-storms as they advance into higher dewpts and steeper lapse rates across far eastern sections of the CWA. Cannot rule out a few hail and heavy rain producers in this area during the evening hours. As the northern low passes to our north Monday night...northerly flow on its back side drives a cold front through nern Colorado during the pre-dawn hours. Synoptic scale forcing for ascent appears weak with the upper trough...however during the day Tuesday models show a deepening northeasterly/upslope flow on the plains producing a heavy cloud cover and cooler temperatures as well as areas of light precip. Most of this showery precip is expected to fall east of the Continental Divide late Monday night and much of Tuesday with 12-hour precip totals generally a quarter inch or less. Could see locally heavier amounts in the foothills to the west and southwest of Denver. Farther out on the plains...amounts anywhere from a trace to a tenth of an inch. High temperatures go from around average on Monday to as much as 10-12 degs f below average on Tuesday...with the greatest cooling likely to occur east of the Cont Dvd. Tuesday night and beyond...the upper trough shifts over the northern Great Plains allowing an upper level ridge to gain strength over the Great Basin. Models show this building ridge with its warmer temperatures and drier air migrating eastward over Colorado by Friday. Should see a significant reduction in cloud cover and limited chances for showers/t-storms with its arrival. Guidance indicates highs both days in the low to mid-80s on the plains of northeast Colorado. && .AVIATION...(For the 06Z TAFS through 06Z Sunday night) Issued at 351 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 Scattered thunderstorms are expected to form over the higher terrain and spread eastward through the afternoon and evening. Best time for thunderstorms in the Denver area is 21z-01z. Will go with a PROB30 in the TAFs at this time. The storms will be capable of heavy rain, small hail and wind gusts to 35 knots. Winds will generally be southerly today at KDEN, except when outflow winds from showers and storms occur. && .BOU Watches/Warnings/Advisories... None. && $$ SHORT TERM...Meier LONG TERM...Baker AVIATION...Meier
Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Grand Junction CO 322 AM MDT SUN MAY 29 2016 .SHORT TERM...(Today through Monday) Issued at 321 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 A pair of troughs organizing over the western NOAM in British Columbia and just off the central California coast. Shortwave ridging extends across the southern Rockies and 4 Corners region where it will persist through the day. The stronger northern stream wave will begin to swing westward and dig into the northern Rockies states through the short term period...which will help drag the southern system off the coast and into the Desert Southwest. This split pattern is not favorable for strong ascent to move over our CWA and this will keep afternoon showers and thunderstorms isolated to scattered the next few days. Some weak ascent is moving across our southern tier of zones this morning as the sub-trop jet is lifting across the Baja into the Southern Plains. Feel forecast is in good shape with no major changes at this time. Temperatures should warm very close to normal both today and Monday afternoon. There could be a small uptick in convection on Monday as the two system briefly phase...but for the most part models trends have been for a downturn in precipitation coverage for Monday afternoon. && .LONG TERM...(Monday night through Saturday) Issued at 321 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 The persistent southwest flow will continue to carry modest moisture into the region through Tuesday. Behind these features, a ridge of high pressure will develop along the west coast early in the work week and then move into the Great Basin by midweek. This high pressure center will continue to strengthen and will remain to our west through the end of the period. As a result, temperatures will top out a few degrees above normal late in the week. Less, but sufficient moisture will remain over the region for a slight chance of mainly mountain showers and thunderstorms each afternoon into next weekend. && .AVIATION...(For the 12Z TAFS through 12Z Monday Morning) Issued at 321 AM MDT Sun May 29 2016 Visual Flight Rules will dominate the forecast over the next 24 hours at the forecast terminals. Instability from heating of the day and residual moisture will again lead to isolated and scattered thunderstorm development over the region...favoring the higher terrain. Gusty outflow winds to 40 mph will be more of a threat than heavy rainfall...therefor probabilities are quite low for VFR conditions to be compromised. ILS break points may be temporary met by passing showers at the KASE KRIL and KEGE terminals. && .GJT Watches/Warnings/Advisories... CO...None. UT...None. && $$ SHORT TERM...15 LONG TERM...EH AVIATION...TGJT
Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Denver/Boulder CO 827 PM MDT SAT MAY 28 2016 .UPDATE... Issued at 825 PM MDT Sat May 28 2016 Still some decent storms on the plains, mainly in pockets of untapped air. Activity is decreasing overall. I will need to add some low pops to the northeast corner for a few hours after midnight in case the current activity around Greeley persists or there is the redevelopment that the HRRR has been showing on weak outflows coming back in from the northeast. Already added in the evening showers over the mountains but these should be much less by midnight. Rest of the forecast is looking good. && .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Sunday) Issued at 321 PM MDT Sat May 28 2016 Have seen isolated-scattered showers and a few thunderstorms form over the mountains and drift eastward out onto the plains over the past couple hours. Should continue seeing this activity for a few more hours. Brief heavy rains and small hail will be the main threats through the early evening. Loss of daytime heating through the evening will allow showers to come to an end by mid-evening. Weak westerly flow aloft will continue over the state again on Sunday, with enough moisture and instability for showers to develop over the mountains and move over the plains. Model soundings show CAPE values over 2000 j/kg, so there should be a bit more strength to the showers that develop. Winds aloft will be weak, so the threat of locally heavier rain will increase. Precipitable water values are also forecast to be above .75 inches late in the afternoon and early evening. The GFS and ECMWF models are not as wet as the NAM solutions, so will temper the PoPs back a little bit across the northeast Colorado plains, in case the shower activity remains in and near the foothill areas. Otherwise, temperatures will be around seasonal normals. .LONG TERM...(Sunday night through Saturday) Issued at 321 PM MDT Sat May 28 2016 There is weak west-southwesterly flow aloft progged for the forecast area Sunday night and Monday. By Monday night well into Tuesday...an upper trough will move into Colorado and the CWA. The flow aloft stays weak. By 12z Tuesday morning, the upper trough is through and there is northwesterly flow aloft. There is weak upward QG motion in the synoptic scale Sunday night into Tuesday evening, before downward motion moves in by 12z Wednesday morning. The boundary layer flow will likely adhere to normal diurnal patterns Sunday night through Monday evening. Models show a decent cold front with north-northeasterly upslope winds behind it moving down across the plains and foothills from 06Z to 09Z. The upslope is progged to continue all day Tuesday and Tuesday night. For moisture, there is quite a bit over all the CWA through Tuesday evening, then it decreases overnight. There is fairly decent cape progged for much of the CWA Sunday evening and late day Monday. The only decent cape for late day Tuesday is over the mountains and foothills. The lapse rates are pretty steep much of the time, except for the plains on Tuesday. It looks somewhat stable behind the front in the upslope. The best QPF coverage for the CWA is progged for late day Monday. There are decent amounts of measurable rainfall in the mountains late day Tuesday as well. for pops...will go with 30-60%s in the mountains Sunday evening, late day Monday and late day Tuesday. The plains will have 10-40%s for those three periods. For temperatures, Monday`s highs are 0-2 C warmer than Sunday`s highs. Tuesday`s readings are 2-6 C colder than Monday`s. For the later days, Wednesday through Saturday, models have northwesterly flow aloft for the forecast area, with an upper ridge to our west moving towards Colorado. The ridge axis stays west of our state over Utah through Saturday. The airmass over the CWA dries out quite a bit and warms up to slightly above normal temperatures by Friday and Saturday. && .AVIATION...(For the 00Z TAFS through 00Z Sunday evening) Issued at 825 PM MDT Sat May 28 2016 VFR through Sunday. Still some showers and thunderstorms around mainly east of Denver for the next couple of hours, but very low chance of anything affecting the Denver area terminals. Widely scattered storms expected again late Sunday afternoon with short lived impacts of heavy rain, small hail, and wind gusts to 40 knots possible with some of the storms. && .BOU Watches/Warnings/Advisories... None. && $$ UPDATE...Gimmestad SHORT TERM...Dankers LONG TERM...RJK AVIATION...Gimmestad
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
National Weather Service Bismarck ND
243 PM CDT MON MAY 30 2016 .SHORT TERM...(This afternoon through Tuesday) Issued at 243 PM CDT Mon May 30 2016 Our focus is on the potential for severe thunderstorms through this evening, especially in south central ND. The 18 UTC Bismarck sounding sampled relatively steep mid-level lapse rates near 7.5 C/km, contributing to MLCAPE around 1000 J/kg despite increasing cloud cover. The sounding also revealed 0-6-km bulk wind shear just over 30 kt, sufficient for organized storms, but likely favoring multi-cellular modes, especially given a small weakness in the wind fields just above 700 MB. The 19 UTC surface analysis places a surface low just north of Bismarck, with a warm front extending east of the low from near Washburn to Carrington, and a cold front south across central Morton and Grant Counties. That demarcates the severe risk going forward, as supported by recent convection-allowing model guidance. The 18 UTC sounding revealed an uncapped air mass, and as a result convection and the related cloud cover is still posing some issues to the potential for severe convection. However, very recent visible satellite imagery shows clearing over Grant County near the cold frontal zone, which may enable more intense updrafts to form in the next hour or two. That`s in line with convection-allowing model output that still suggests a line of storms with hail and wind potential will move eastward near and south of I-94 from around Bismarck to Jamestown between 20 and 03 UTC. On Tuesday, the low pressure system will have occluded and the surface to 500 MB circulation is forecast to become stacked in north central ND. Showers and embedded, non-severe storms are simulated by guidance to be wrapping around the north and west sides of the stacked low, impacting much of western and north central ND. There is some uncertainty in the southward extent of the shower activity, with the ECMWF and 12 UTC NAM slightly more robust with QPF to the south of Highway 200 than the GFS. Nonetheless, those models are in relatively good agreement and a blend of them supports widespread PoPs over 60 percent over much of western and central ND, save for across the southern James River valley where a mid-level dry slot will be in play. Note that there is still a non-zero risk of weak funnels near the stacked low over north central ND, but diagnostic output from the 12 UTC guidance suggests that the low-level CAPE-VGP setting will not favor cold core tornadoes. Conceptually, the stacked low scenario doesn`t favor cold core tornadoes, either, as it reduces low-level baroclinicity and vorticity somewhat. .LONG TERM...(Tuesday night through Sunday) Issued at 243 PM CDT Mon May 30 2016 Lingering shower activity will gradually end Tuesday night and early Wednesday as the stacked low pressure system slowly moves east-northeast into southwest Ontario. The 12 UTC models are in relatively good agreement suggesting that mid-level flow should lose its cyclonic nature during the day Wednesday as that low departs and 500-MB heights rise a bit in its wake. There may be a low-end shower potential in central ND until those heights do begin rising by afternoon, but confidence in any showers is low. The key message we want to convey in the long term is a warming trend that will commence by late week. The multi-model consensus calls for highs to warm from the 60s F on Wednesday to the 70s F Thursday, and upper 70s and lower 80s F Friday through Monday as a stout 500-MB ridge takes shape over the intermountain west and exerts its influence downstream across the northern Plains. The deterministic and ensemble guidance displays low spread with the ridge axis, but the amplitude of downstream flow differs, as the 00 and 06 UTC GFS simulations are generally deeper with a low in the Great Lakes region by late weekend. A deeper low would favor greater potential for somewhat cooler air to be advected into ND in the general northwest flow aloft. CIPS analogs applied to the 00 UTC GFS ensemble reflect that possibility, offering no strong signal as to whether temperatures will be above or below normal. However, the non-GFS guidance supports less amplitude to the low over the Great Lakes, favoring the warmer regime that`s also the main influence on our blended-model-driven forecast. CIPS analog output strongly favors below-normal precipitation in the period centered on this weekend, especially in western ND, so we have a mainly dry forecast in play. However, the 00 and 12 UTC GFS and NAM, and to a somewhat lesser extent the ECMWF, suggest that a mid-level shortwave trough will cross the region Thursday night and Friday, offering some shower and thunderstorm potential in that time frame. && .AVIATION...(For the 18Z TAFS through 18Z Tuesday afternoon) Issued at 243 PM CDT Mon May 30 2016 Widespread showers and thunderstorms will spread east out of western and across central ND this afternoon and evening. Local MVFR to IFR conditions are expected. Some storms may be severe with large hail and damaging winds southwest and south central. Widespread showers and embedded thunderstorms will continue into Tuesday. MVFR to IFR ceilings are likely Tuesday in northwest and north central ND, and they are possible over southwest and south central ND, too. && .BIS Watches/Warnings/Advisories... NONE. && $$ SHORT TERM...CJS LONG TERM...CJS AVIATION...CJS
  [top] Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Grand Forks ND 638 AM CDT MON MAY 30 2016 .UPDATE... Issued at 635 AM CDT Mon May 30 2016 No significant changes made this update period. && .SHORT TERM...(Today through Tuesday) Issued at 200 AM CDT Mon May 30 2016 forecast concerns will be severe potential tonight and rain duration. Models still differ on surface low position however high resolution models supporting farther north solution. Otherwise overall message similar with severe potential tonight. Today will start out sunny with increasing southerly flow/moisture flux during the afternoon. Surface low to organize over the northern high plains and will be location of convective initiation. Farther south solution would have convection also developing along E-W boundary along the ND/SD border area where the northern solution keeps convection farther west. With model differences there is some uncertainty as to when convection will reach our FA so did not make significant changes to pops. Should be sufficient solar along with warm advection to get temperatures a few degrees warmer than Sunday highs. Main action will be tonight as surface low and related convection shifts east into the region. Bulk shear not overly impressive and best upper support lags back into the western/central dakotas. However strong low level forcing and sufficient cape/instability for severe storm threat. Slight risk area expanded north and justified with some model showing farther north solution. Surface low will reside over the northern fa on Tuesday. Dry slotting will limit best rain chances to the northern fa. As a result coolest temperatures will be across the north with temperatures close to average across the south. .LONG TERM...(Tuesday night through Sunday) Issued at 200 AM CDT Mon May 30 2016 Low becomes stacked Tuesday night across the northern valley region so only a slow eastward propagation expected. This will slowly shift wrap around rain band slowly east overnight to the valley region. low will pull out Wednesday with best rain chances over the ne fa. Cooler column and clouds will hold temperatures well blo average. Wednesday to Saturday night...Models have become consistent with robust short wave trough moving across the northern plains to start the extended period. Stacked low pressure system centered over the valley will bring a cool...damp start to June with clouds and showers lingering into the afternoon especially in NW MN...highs in the 60s. Thursday and first half of Friday will be dry as 500mb ridging and NW flow aloft bring weak high pressure to the Northern Plains. The next CHC for convection arrives Friday PM into Saturday as sfc low and upper support track across northern Manitoba dragging a boundary across the FA. && .AVIATION...(For the 12Z TAFS through 12Z Tuesday morning) Issued at 635 AM CDT Mon May 30 2016 With exception of BJI which has localized FG, VFR conditions expected atleast through mid afternoon. Any lower cigs there after will be associated with TSRA. At this time still some uncertainty on arrival time. && .FGF Watches/Warnings/Advisories... ND...None. MN...None. && $$ UPDATE...Voelker SHORT TERM...Voelker LONG TERM...JK/Voelker AVIATION...Voelker
Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Grand Forks ND 1153 PM CDT SUN MAY 29 2016 .UPDATE... Issued at 1153 PM CDT Sun May 29 2016 Minimal changes made with this update. UPDATE Issued at 954 PM CDT Sun May 29 2016 Added a slight chance of showers in far SE ND late tonight/early tomorrow morning. HRRR and HopWRF tipped the scales to mentioning something down near the SD border. NAM/GFS have some FGEN in that area...but limited CAPEs. Just enough to produce a shower or two on the ND side. UPDATE Issued at 712 PM CDT Sun May 29 2016 A quiet evening is expected across the forecast area. The latest HRRR model hints at showers and perhaps a thunderstorm along the ND/SD border late tonight/early tomorrow morning. The latest NAM also hints at this although MU-CAPE values supporting elevated convection stay to the south and west through 12z...except in the devils lake basin. Will continue with a dry forecast tonight for now and consider the new NAM and HRRR runs for next update. && .SHORT TERM...(This evening through Monday night) Issued at 329 PM CDT Sun May 29 2016 Main forecast challenge will be severe potential for areas along and south of the Interstate 94 corridor on Monday afternoon and Monday evening. As for tonight, the cumulus field is already showing signs of thinning. There are a few showers left from Mahnomen to Detroit Lakes, but these should not last too much longer. Drier air continues to move in from the west, with the dew point at KDVL already at 41F. With the drier air moving in, not expecting fog formation tonight. Monday will start out nice, but storms will increase over the central or western Dakotas by afternoon. SPC day 2 outlook has areas along and south of the Interstate 94 corridor in a marginal risk, with Sargent County ND in a slight risk. This event still a day away, so confidence not great at the moment in timing or placement of the tstm development. There is a lot of variation yet in the models, with the ECMWF slower than the American models. Thinking that storms will fire over the western or central Dakotas in the afternoon and move eastward and affect this FA during the late afternoon or evening. Models do show good agreement in another widespread pcpn event, with a good one to two inches for most of the FA. Models also agree on showing most of the pcpn rotating northward later Monday night, with drying working into portions of far southeast ND. .LONG TERM...(Tuesday through Sunday) Issued at 329 PM CDT Sun May 29 2016 On Tuesday the dry slot remains over southeast ND and portions of west central MN, with the main pcpn band along and north of highway 200. As the sfc low lifts NE Tue night into Wed, the pcpn will slowly turn to lighter wraparound bands. For Wed night through Sunday...Surface high will be dropping into northern valley behind an upper ridge that should dry things out Wed night and keep it dry on Thursday...with slightly cooler temperatures generally in the 60s...with lower 70s in southeastern ND. Return flow then sets up Thu night with a frontal system moving into the area early Fri morning, bringing a chance for showers and thunderstorms through Sat morning. && .AVIATION...(For the 06Z TAFS through 06Z Monday night) Issued at 1153 PM CDT Sun May 29 2016 A shower or two may exist south of KFAR around sunrise. There is a low probablity that any showers would make it as far north as KFAR. Most should stay closer to the SD border. Added thunderstorms for Monday night in all TAFs. Expecting a large area of thunderstorms extending NW to SE generally by evening. There will likely be MVFR or even IFR cigs beyond this TAF period, first at KDVL and then moving east. && .FGF Watches/Warnings/Advisories... ND...None. MN...None. && $$ UPDATE...Knutsvig SHORT TERM...Godon LONG TERM...Godon/Speicher AVIATION...Knutsvig